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Durvalumab/pembrolizumab plus GC are first-line standards for advanced BTC with comparable efficacy.
AS matches lobectomy safety for low-risk PTMC with fewer complications and superior QoL.
DTP triplet therapy boosts efficacy yet needs randomized trials for solid validation in BRAF-mutant ATC.
PTC surge in China/US driven mostly by overdiagnosis, not true disease rise
IMDC stratifies ccRCC; China and US differ in approved regimens and sequencing.
Controversies in early TGCT focus on surveillance vs chemo, plus salvage strategy choices.
IO-TKI for rapid control, IO-IO for durable long-term survival in ccRCC.
Chemotherapy regimens, dosing and monitoring for GCT focus on safety and long-term care.
Novel biomarkers and tailored strategies advance TGCT care with global adoption barriers
Two regimens treat favorable GCT, balancing efficacy and distinct toxic risks
HIF‑2α inhibitors: Belzutifan leads; casdatifan/NKT2152 follow, with wide RCC/VHL whitespace.
UBC treatment evolves fast with ADC, ICI; FGFR and CAR-T remain vacant
EV plus pembrolizumab is the optimal first-line regimen for most advanced urothelial carcinoma patients, with platinum chemotherapy reserved for specific high-risk cases.
Biomarkers guide precise targeted therapy and safety management for urothelial bladder cancer.
Biomarkers guide precise targeted therapy and safety management for urothelial bladder cancer.
Nivo+ipi beats chemo for unresectable MPM, especially non-epithelioid.
MM care evolves with CAR-T, bispecifics, and MRD-driven strategies.
Systemic flaws hinder standardized bladder cancer treatment across China.