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PH

phenylpropanolamine (Dristan SR / Histabid / Dexatrim)

✓ Approved

Lumara Health · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is phenylpropanolamine?

phenylpropanolamine is a small molecule developed by Lumara Health. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesDristan SR, Histabid, Dexatrim
CompanyLumara Health
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Lumara Health

Therapeutic Indications

phenylpropanolamine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersCough✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedMedical physics2026-11-11

Spectrometric characterization of x-ray attenuation in silicone-gel and saline breast implants under mammography and CT conditions.

Lefèvre Jérémie J, Kerfa Jade J, Bony Mathis M, Plagnard Johann J et al.

Breast implants alter x-ray beam attenuation, but quantitative energy-resolved data for commercial prostheses are largely missing from the literature. Current dosimetric protocols lack specific correction factors for implant materials. To measure the x-ray attenuation properties of silicone-gel (PDMS) and saline breast implants under mammography and computed tomography (CT) conditions. We performed transmission spectrometry on six breast implants (three PDMS, three saline-filled) from a single manufacturer, using a cadmium telluride (CdTe) detector in narrow-beam geometry. Energy-dependent linear attenuation coefficients, effective attenuation coefficients ( μ eff ), half-value layers, and bulk densities were determined for mammography (25-49 kV) and CT (80-120 kV) beam qualities. Combined uncertainties were 3%-5%. Under mammographic conditions, PDMS attenuates more than saline: μ eff values are roughly 1.5-2 times higher, because of enhanced photoelectric absorption linked to a higher effective atomic number ( Z eff = 11.7 vs. 7.5). Saline implants behave much like water and soft breast tissues. The monoenergetic attenuation curves of the two materials converge above ∼ 60 keV as Compton scattering comes to dominate, but the spectrum-weighted effective attenuation still differs by ∼ 40% at a representative 80 kV Al CT tube potential (0.48 vs. 0.34  cm - 1 ), narrowing to ∼ 10% only with harder filtration and higher tube potential combined (120 kV AlCu). We provide log-log polynomial fits suitable for dosimetric codes. These measurements supply energy-resolved attenuation data for silicone-gel and saline implants across the diagnostic range. PDMS and saline differ substantially at mammographic energies. Their monoenergetic attenuation converges in the Compton regime, but spectrum-weighted differences persist at 80 kV and should be accounted for in breast CT dosimetry. The results are consistent with recent phantom findings on AEC response and dose variations in the presence of silicone implants.

PMID 43010868
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PubMedAnalytical chemistry2026-11-11

Multi-Collector Extreme Ultraviolet Laser Mass Spectrometry (MC-EUV-MS): Using High-Energy Photoionization for High-Spatial-Resolution Isotope Ratio Mapping of Actinide Materials.

Rush Lydia A LA, Coble Matthew A MA, Menoni Carmen S CS, Duffin Andrew M AM

Isotope maps are typically collected with a multi-collector mass spectrometer (MC-MS) coupled to a high-spatial-resolution ionization source, yet few ionization sources compatible with MC-MS systems can operate robustly at the submicron scale. To meet this need, we couple an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser photon-based ionization source to a modified Thermo Scientific NeptunePlus MC-MS by removing and replacing the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with the EUV laser system, herein called the MC-EUV-MS. The 46.9 nm EUV laser light is focused to sub-micrometer spots for sample ablation while simultaneously realizing high-energy photoionization using 26.4 eV photons. Thus, the EUV probe combines ablation and ionization in a single pulse. We characterize the newly built MC-EUV-MS by analyzing different actinide-bearing materials. We achieve a sample utilization efficiency (SUE) of 0.006% for 238U using the NIST 610 and 612 glasses at a low +2 kV extraction voltage for accelerating ions off the sample. Higher extraction voltages up to +5 kV point to increased ion yields. We measure 235U/238U isotope ratios from three uranium samples ranging from natural to low enriched. We demonstrate the high spatial resolution of the MC-EUV-MS by mapping uranium oxide microparticles using 500 nm ablation spots. Compared to isotope maps collected over the same sample area using large geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry, the MC-EUV-MS shows significantly higher spatial resolution within the scope of this study.

PMID 43010541
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PubMedRadiological physics and technology2026-11-11

Monte Carlo-based three-dimensional dose evaluation for rotational cerebral angiography: peak dose to brain and skin and Dose-Volume Histogram (DVH) analysis of the brain.

Miyazaki Hitoshi H, Fujibuchi Toshioh T, Han Donghee D, Oura Koji K et al.

Rotational cerebral angiography produces complex, nonuniform dose distributions; the mean brain dose may not sufficiently represent localized high-dose regions. This study aimed to visualize three-dimensional dose distributions in the brain and skin using PHITS, estimate peak brain dose (PBD) and peak skin dose (PSD), and evaluate the brain dose distribution using dose-volume histogram (DVH) analysis. X-ray spectra for 3D digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA, 70 kV) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT, 109 kV) were generated using SpekPy and implemented in PHITS. A rotational irradiation model covering approximately 200° was constructed using a multisource approach based on projection-dependent tube current-time product values. The model was validated using a PMMA phantom. Three-dimensional dose distributions were calculated using the adult male mesh-type reference computational phantom; PBD, PSD, and brain DVH indices were evaluated. Calculated doses agreed with measured values within 5.2%. Dose concentrations were mainly observed in the occipital region. The PBD and PSD were 25.1 and 44.1 mGy for 3D-DSA and 101.3 and 139.1 mGy for CBCT, respectively. The PBD was 3.3 times higher than the mean brain dose for 3D-DSA and 2.3 times higher for CBCT. DVH analysis showed that CBCT shifted the brain-dose distribution toward higher-dose regions, with D10% values of 14.9 and 70.0 mGy for 3D-DSA and CBCT, respectively. PHITS-based three-dimensional dose evaluation allowed localized high-dose regions in the brain and skin to be visualized and quantified. DVH analysis complemented the peak dose assessment by providing volumetric information on the brain-dose distribution.

PMID 43009699
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PubMedToxicology and applied pharmacology2026-11-10

Brexpiprazole, a third-generation atypical antipsychotic inhibits voltage-gated K+ channels in rabbit coronary artery smooth muscle cells.

Zhuang Wenwen W, Kim Hye Ryung HR, Lee Sooa S, Kim Seungjoo S et al.

Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels are crucial for regulating membrane potential and contractility in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In this study, we investigated the effects of the third-generation antipsychotic brexpiprazole on Kv channels in native VSMCs isolated from rabbit coronary arteries. Brexpiprazole inhibited Kv currents in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 8.35 ± 2.61 μM and a Hill coefficient of 0.81 ± 0.07. This inhibition was accompanied by an accelerated inactivation rate and a leftward shift of the steady-state inactivation curve. Repetitive stimulation at 1 and 2 Hz enhanced the inhibitory effect, and recovery from inactivation was significantly prolonged, indicating use-dependent blockade. Pharmacological analysis further implied subtype specificity, as inhibition was attenuated by pretreatment with diphenyl phosphine oxide-1 (a Kv1.5-selective blocker) but not by stromatoxin-1 (Kv2.1) or linopirdine (Kv7). Taken together, these findings indicate that Kv1.5 contributes to the brexpiprazole-sensitive Kv current and that brexpiprazole suppresses Kv currents through both concentration- and state-dependent mechanisms, at least in part by altering channel inactivation properties.

PMID 43009072
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PubMedRadiological physics and technology2026-11-10

Target-oriented contrast enhancement strategies for pediatric cardiac CT angiography in congenital heart disease: a narrative review.

Masuda Takanori T, Funama Yoshinori Y, Shohji Tomokazu T, Nakaura Takeshi T

Congenital heart disease (CHD) often requires precise anatomical assessment from the neonatal and infant periods. Although echocardiography remains the first-line imaging modality, cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) plays an important complementary role in evaluating complex cardiovascular anatomy, coronary artery origin anomalies, great vessel abnormalities, and postoperative anatomy. However, contrast enhancement behavior in neonates and infants differs substantially from that in adults because of low body weight, high heart rate, small-caliber veins, limited circulating blood volume, and short circulation time. In addition, disease-specific flow patterns such as right-to-left shunting, Glenn circulation, Fontan circulation, and surgically altered pathways further modify contrast arrival, mixing, and washout. This narrative review summarizes practical strategies for optimizing contrast enhancement in pediatric cardiac CTA for CHD. Key considerations include iodine dose, contrast concentration, injection rate, injection duration, venous access, saline flush, timing method, and CT technology. The available literature suggests that contrast protocol design should be individualized according to body size, circulation pattern, target anatomy, and scanner performance. In normal neonatal and infant circulation, reproducible enhancement may be supported by body-weight-based iodine dosing, low-kV imaging, diluted contrast material, and stable low-flow injection. In abnormal circulation, particularly Glenn and Fontan physiology, protocol design should additionally consider access-site selection, delayed arrival, heterogeneous mixing, and bolus shaping tailored to the hemodynamic setting. Because the current evidence base remains heterogeneous and is largely derived from single-center studies, the protocol ranges summarized in this review should be interpreted as a practical framework rather than as formal guideline-level recommendations.

PMID 43007611
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PubMedRadiography (London, England : 1995)2026-11-10

Displayed CTDIvolume accuracy in ultra-low-dose CT: Limitations of current IEC criteria and a proposal for new constancy benchmarks.

Shohji T T, Tomoika R R, Kobayashi T T

Rapid adoption of ultra-low-dose CT protocols (∼1-2 mGy) used in paediatric cardiac CT examinations challenges current quality control (QC). The IEC 61223-3-5 constancy criterion for CTDIvol display accuracy ("±20% or ±1 mGy") permits up to ±100% relative error at 1.0 mGy, undermining patient dose management and early detection of equipment anomalies. This study evaluates ultra-low-dose display accuracy and proposes revised QC benchmarks. CTDIvol accuracy was evaluated across two state-of-the-art CT systems using a cylindrical polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom with a 32 cm-diameter and a 15 cm-length and a calibrated semiconductor detector. Measurements ranged from 10 to 0.5 mGy (120, 100, and 80 kV), utilizing synchronized and asynchronous rotational exposure methods to ensure geometric reproducibility. Measured doses remained within a ±20% relative tolerance across a tested range from 0.5 mGy to 10.3 mGy, proving precise control is achievable in the ultra-low-dose range. However, system-specific discrepancies were identified, with manufacturers showing distinct overestimation or underestimation tendencies. Crucially, applying the ±1 mGy absolute tolerance below 5.0 mGy permitted exponentially increasing relative errors, effectively nullifying fundamental QC objectives. The ±1 mGy absolute constancy criterion loses effectiveness in the ultra-low-dose regime, creating a critical latent risk for undetected equipment degradation. International QC standards urgently require revision to ensure reliable dose monitoring. We propose establishing a "low-dose boundary value" at 5.0 mGy. Above this threshold, the existing ±1 mGy criterion applies; below it, a uniform ±20% relative tolerance is strictly enforced. This provides a robust, backward-compatible QC framework for low-dose CT, highlighting the need to recognize manufacturer-dependent display uncertainties during protocol optimization.

PMID 43008525
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