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influenza HA vaccine

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Denka Seiken · · Vaccine

What is influenza HA vaccine?

influenza HA vaccine is a vaccine developed by Denka Seiken. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

CompanyDenka Seiken
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
Molecular Target,
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Denka Seiken

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

influenza HA vaccine acts on 2 molecular targets:

(HA)
(HA)
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Related Research Articles

PubMedOdontology2026-09-20

Synergistic effects of fish scale-derived nanohydroxyapatite and arginine on enamel surface recovery: a multi-modal in vitro analysis.

Thomas Nebu George NG, Oommen Vimal Thomas VT, Xavier Arun Mamachan AM, Das Revu R et al.

Dental caries arises from an imbalance between demineralization and remineralization of dental hard tissues, leading to progressive mineral loss and early lesion formation. Fluoride enhances remineralization but mainly affects the enamel surface. Nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA), structurally similar to enamel apatite, may promote mineral deposition, while arginine increases local pH and supports remineralization. This in vitro study evaluated the combined remineralization potential of sustainably sourced, fish scale-derived n-HA and arginine, used alongside fluoride toothpaste, for early enamel lesions using a multimodal analytical approach. Forty human premolars were demineralized for 96 h to produce artificial lesions and randomly allocated into five groups (n = 8): (1) fluoride toothpaste, (2) 10% n-HA, (3) 10% n-HA + 10% arginine, (4) fluoride toothpaste + 10% n-HA + 10% arginine, and (5) demineralized control. Specimens underwent pH cycling with respective remineralizing slurries for 28 days. Surface changes were evaluated using surface microhardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman microscopy. The fluoride + n-HA + arginine group showed the greatest increase in microhardness (Vickers Hardness Number [VHN] 367.48 ± 26.95 kgf/mm²), significantly higher than the demineralized control (191.24 ± 13.86; p < 0.001). The n-HA + arginine group also showed a substantial increase in microhardness (319.10 ± 28.75 kgf/mm²). SEM and AFM analyses revealed greater surface smoothing and pore reduction in the combination group compared with fluoride alone, suggesting enhanced surface recovery and mineral deposition. Fish scale-derived n-HA combined with arginine enhances the in vitro remineralization potential of fluoride toothpaste and may represent a promising strategy for managing early enamel lesions.

PMID 42763368
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PubMedInternational journal of nanomedicine2026-09-20

Injectable Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Targeted Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy via Concurrent ROS Attenuation and Macrophage Repolarization.

Fan Ziyan Z, Wang Runkong R, Zhang Qiang Q, Wu Mingquan M et al.

The clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic systematic autoimmune disease marked by persistent synovial inflammation and irreversible joint damage, remains substantially challenging due to the limitations of current therapies including insufficient targeting, short intra-articular retention and off-target adverse effects. Therefore, developing an injectable, long-acting and targeted therapeutic hydrogel platform is urgently needed for precise and efficient RA treatment. We developed an injectable long-acting nanocomposite hydrogel platform (HA-BR nano-GEL@CLT) which integrated hyaluronic acid (HA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) co-polymeric matrix encapsulating HA-bilirubin nanoparticles (HA-BR NPs) and celastrol (CLT). The hydrogel was characterized and its in vitro biocompatibility, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and macrophage polarization effects were evaluated. In vivo therapeutic efficacy and biosafety were assessed in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats. The average particle size of fabricated HA-BR NPs@CLT was 118.5 nm and the gel formulation underwent a rapid sol‑to‑gel phase transition within 200 seconds. HA-BR nano-GEL@CLT exhibited strong biomimetic lubrication, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities, and could effectively modulate the polarization of macrophages in vitro, with the result that the M1/M2 ratio in HA-BR nano-GEL@CLT group was only 0.19-fold that of model group. The hydrogel also provided long-term intra-articular retention up to 21 days in AIA rats. It significantly alleviated paw swelling, inhibited bone erosion, modulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines, whereas the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced by 27% and 43%, and the expression of IL-10 was increased by 47%, compared to HA GEL@CLT group. Besides, HA-BR nano-GEL@CLT also alleviated oxidative damage, regulated macrophage polarization and reduced systemic toxicity of CLT in vivo. This injectable nanocomposite hydrogel platform offers an efficient and promising approach to suppress RA progression via ROS attenuation and macrophage repolarization.

PMID 42763682
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PubMedAdvances in virology2026-09-20

Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Envelope Gene of Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus Vaccine Strain With Currently Circulating Field Strains.

Kaje Keerthi K, Marinaik Chandranaik B CB, Gomes Amitha Reena AR, Rizwan Apsana A et al.

The present study was undertaken with the objective of performing comparative sequence analysis of the envelope (E) gene of Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) vaccine strain P9605 with the circulating field strains. The study was taken up as the currently used KFDV vaccine strain, KFDV P9605, was isolated in the 1960s. For this study, we designed two sets of primers targeting the complete amplification of the E gene of KFDV. The sequencing was performed by the Sanger method, and the deduced sequence of the vaccine virus was deposited in GenBank with accession number PX067005. This sequence obtained for the vaccine virus was aligned and compared with sequences of GenBank-deposited circulating field strains. We also performed comparative sequence analysis of the Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) vaccine seed virus having passaged twice in mouse brain with the vaccine seed virus passaged six times in mouse brain to investigate whether multiple passages in mouse brain will lead to genetic mutation in the immunologically important E gene. The phylogenetic analysis revealed seven amino acid mutations in the field strains at positions A123T, S158N, D178E, D239N, A313S, M429I, and G479A when compared with the vaccine strain. We did not find any mutations at the critical fusogenic segment (residues 98-113) in the E gene of currently circulating field strains compared to the vaccine seed virus. The study found no genetic variations in the E gene of the KFD virus passed two times and passed six times in mouse brain. We performed SWISS-MODEL homology modeling, AlphaFold protein analysis, and Ramachandran plot analysis to study the E protein structures and stability. The observations made in this study suggest slow evolutionary drift and conserved structural stability of the envelope gene of KFDV ever since its emergence 7 decades ago; however, the functional implications of these amino acid substitutions need further studies on their roles in viral infectivity, transmission, and impact on immunity.

PMID 42763584
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PubMedEMBO reports2026-09-20

TRIM62 facilitates influenza A virus entry by regulating WASH-dependent endosomal trafficking.

Gupta Kajal K, Pal Sampurna S, Tyagi Arpit A, Bajaj Roohani R et al.

Endocytosis enables efficient cargo uptake while restricting uncontrolled cellular entry, yet how this balance is enforced during endocytic uptake remains poorly understood. Using influenza A virus (IAV) as a model cargo, we reveal a previously unrecognized role for the pentameric WASH complex (WASH) as a regulatory hub that integrates both permissive and inhibitory functions to control viral endocytosis. While the WASH subunits WASH1, CCDC53, SWIP, and Strumpellin collectively promote IAV entry, the FAM21 subunit acts antagonistically. Our data suggest that FAM21-mediated association of WASH with the retromer subunit VPS35 restrains the pro-endocytic activity of WASH, thereby limiting viral uptake. This inhibitory FAM21-VPS35 axis is counteracted by the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM62, which maintains WASH in a retromer-free, endocytically competent state that facilitates viral internalization. Beyond IAV, the WASH1 subunit and VPS35 also exhibit opposing roles during cholera toxin B uptake, suggesting a broader function in lipid raft-mediated endocytosis. Together, our findings establish WASH as a key determinant of IAV endocytosis, with TRIM62 modulating retromer-mediated restriction to facilitate productive viral entry.

PMID 42763336
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PubMedJournal of inflammation research2026-09-20

Dimethyl Sulfoxide Modulates T Cell-Mediated Immunity to Attenuate Influenza A Virus Infection.

Jeng Po-Hsuan PH, Tsai Meng-Wei MW, Huang Shing-Hwa SH, Huang Tien-Ru TR et al.

Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a major threat because vaccines provide limited cross-protection and antiviral resistance is rising. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is immunomodulatory, but its effect on IAV has not been tested in vivo. We evaluated its efficacy and mechanism in a murine H1N1 model. Male C57BL/6 mice were intranasally challenged with an LD50 of A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) and given daily subcutaneous DMSO (0.22 g/kg/day) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on days 1-7. Survival was monitored for 21 days; lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected on day 8. Lung histology (hematoxylin and eosin), BALF cytokines (sandwich ELISA), lung and splenic IFN-γ-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (flow cytometry), and whole-lung RNA sequencing (differential expression, KEGG enrichment) were assessed. BALF viral burden was measured by neuraminidase activity assay and TCID50. In vitro, splenic CD8+ T cells exposed to 0%, 0.5%, or 1.0% DMSO were immunoblotted for lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3). DMSO significantly improved 21-day survival and attenuated alveolar inflammatory infiltration. Day-8 BALF viral titers were significantly lower with DMSO (mean 2.2×103 vs 4.3×104 TCID50/mL; p = 0.034), as was neuraminidase activity. BALF IFN-γ and TGF-β were elevated, whereas TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were not. IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells increased in the lung but not the spleen; CD4+ populations were unchanged. RNA sequencing showed enrichment of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K/Akt signaling and upregulation of T-box factors, PPAR-γ, and Nek kinases. In vitro, DMSO accelerated LAG3 induction in CD8+ T cells within 12-48 h. DMSO is associated with attenuated IAV severity, a lower day-8 airway viral burden, and a localized expansion of IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells, without a concomitant rise in the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, or IL-1β. These associations are correlative and support further investigation of DMSO as a host-directed adjunct for influenza.

PMID 42763701
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PubMedBiodiversity data journal2026-09-20

Taxonomic assessment of Zhangixalus puerensis (He, 1999) sensu lato (Anura, Rhacophoridae), with description of two cryptic species.

Liu Shuo S, Bu Chao C, Deng Tao T, Bai Jinming J et al.

Zhangixalus puerensis sensu lato was previously considered to be distributed in most parts of Yunnan and northern Vietnam. Some studies have implied that Z. puerensis sensu lato contains multiple independent species. However, the taxonomic status of Z. puerensis sensu lato remains unresolved. Based on the sequences obtained from GenBank and our newly-generated sequences, we performed a taxonomic assessment of Zhangixalus puerensis sensu lato. Phylogenetic analysis revealed four distinct lineages within Z. puerensis sensu lato. We described two of the four lineages as two new species. The first new species from Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, China and Ha Giang Province, Vietnam, can be distinguished from its congeners by having a relatively small body size, head being wider than long, heels not meeting, tibiotarsal articulation reaching centre or anterior margin of tympanum, fifth toe being longer than third toe, nuptial pad being present on first finger and dorsal surface being green with more or less dark-edged brown spots. The second new species from Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China, can be distinguished from its congeners by having a relatively small body size, head being wider than long, heels not meeting, tibiotarsal articulation reaching posterior margin or centre of tympanum, fifth toe and third toe being approximately equal in length, dorsal surface green with no or a few or many dark-edged brown spots. In addition, the taxonomic status of populations previously considered to be Z. puerensis from north-western Yunnan of China and north-western Vietnam needs further research to determine.

PMID 42763633
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