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hepatitis-B vaccine

✓ Approved

China National Pharmaceutical · RARB · Vaccine

What is hepatitis-B vaccine?

hepatitis-B vaccine is a vaccine developed by China National Pharmaceutical. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others).

Drug Profile

CompanyChina National Pharmaceutical
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
Molecular TargetRARB
RouteInjectable (Others)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Pharmaceutical

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

hepatitis-B vaccine acts on 1 molecular target:

RARBretinoic acid receptor beta (RRB2, HAP)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

hepatitis-B vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsHepatitis B✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedDermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)2026-11-11

Cutaneous presentations of digestive tract disorders and liver diseases.

Sticherling Michael M

A variety of skin conditions may be important diagnostic indicators for disorders of the digestive tract and liver. In inflammatory bowel diseases, the most common cutaneous manifestations are erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum. Similar to autoimmune liver diseases they are often associated with cutaneous manifestations such as hidradenitis suppurativa, vitiligo, psoriasis and alopecia areata. Lichen planus or porphyria cutanea tarda can also be induced by infectious hepatitis. Enteral malabsorption can lead to deficiencies and characteristic skin changes, such as celiac disease, acrodermatitis enteropathica, pellagra and scurvy. In addition, cutaneous sequelae, including various exanthems and adverse reactions, from drug treatment of intestinal and liver diseases are possible. Likewise, so-called paradoxical reactions in which new and previously absent skin conditions (e.g. psoriasis) may also develop, especially following treatment with biological products. Thus, gastroenterologists should recognize and diagnose cutaneous changes that are new or evolving in patients with intestinal and liver diseases in order to initiate appropriate therapy.

PMID 43009610
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PubMedSouthern African journal of HIV medicine2026-11-11

A retrospective study of HIV and hepatitis B co-infection at a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

Hugo Alida M AM, Lovelock Tamsin T, Taljaard Jantjie J JJ

HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is a clinical concern because of shared transmission routes and accelerated liver disease progression. Data from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remain limited. To describe the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and outcome characteristics of adults with chronic HIV/HBV coinfection attending a tertiary hospital in South Africa. A retrospective observational study of adults with HIV and chronic HBV infection attending an infectious diseases clinic between 01 January 2019 and 31 October 2024. Chronic HBV was defined as hepatitis B surface antigen positivity for at least 6 months. Eligible patients had at least two clinic visits. Data were extracted from clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pharmacy records. Of the 179 patients screened, 140 met inclusion criteria. The cohort had a female predominance of 51.4% and a median age of 42 years; most were diagnosed through routine HIV care. The median CD4 count was 214 cells/μL, and many had advanced immunosuppression. Most were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), with 78.8% on tenofovir (TDF)-based regimens. HIV and HBV viral load (VL) was low, and the median HBV VL was 81 IU/mL. Liver assessment showed that 36.3% had an abnormal Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index score and 40.2% had an elevated liver stiffness measurement (> 7 kPa) suggestive either of significant fibrosis or cirrhosis. Fifteen patients died, 3 of whom died from HBV-related causes. Retention in care was poor, with only one-third remaining in follow-up. Chronic HBV remains an important comorbidity among people living with HIV in South Africa, particularly in those born before widespread vaccination. Despite high ART coverage, important gaps remain in fibrosis assessment and retention in care. Strengthening prevention, vaccination, diagnostic access, and continuity of care is essential to reduce HBV-related morbidity and mortality.

PMID 43011457
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PubMedHistory of the human sciences2026-11-11

From Kyiv to Vienna: Soviet gerontology's international influence.

Scarborough Isaac McKean IM

This article tracks the influence of the Soviet school of gerontology and geriatric medicine on international science and medical practice during the second half of the 20th century. Beginning with the initial development of this school of gerontology in the 1930s, this article shows how the Soviet influence on international ideas of ageing, geriatric medicine, and biological gerontology was significant, especially through the institutional scientific-medical networks established by the United Nations and the World Health Organization. This influence, moreover, was based on work conducted over the decades by the Kyiv-based Institute of Gerontology, which established itself as the centre of Soviet research on ageing and its application to medical and social care for older persons. By considering how the doctors and scientists in Kyiv were able to access international scientific networks and influence global gerontological discourses in the 1960s-1980s, this paper shows the enduring influence of Soviet concepts of biological ageing and related medical practice.

PMID 43011964
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PubMedMedicine2026-11-11

Syphilitic proctitis with profuse rectal bleeding in an HIV-infected patient with preserved CD4 count (case report).

Mosi Mohamad H MH, Alfarra Hisham H, Davi Chandni C, Saaki Shaila S et al.

Syphilitic proctitis is an uncommon and frequently under-recognized manifestation of Treponema pallidum infection that can closely mimic inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic rectal disease. We report an unusually severe, hemorrhagic presentation in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a preserved cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count, a setting in which overlapping etiologies often delay the diagnosis. A heterosexual man in his early 50s with untreated HIV infection and chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class B) presented with sudden onset of profuse hematochezia, watery diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fatigue. Computed tomography angiography revealed pronounced rectal wall thickening with deep ulceration. Colonoscopy demonstrated an indurated, ulcerated rectal lesion, and biopsy showed dense lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, with spirochetes confirmed by T pallidum immunohistochemistry. Negative cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunohistochemistry, undetectable CMV DNA in plasma and rectal tissue, and a preserved CD4 count (445 cells/µL) made CMV proctitis unlikely. The overall clinical, endoscopic, and histologic findings supported a diagnosis of syphilitic proctitis. Management included doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 2 weeks, selected because of the patient's documented penicillin allergy. Antiretroviral therapy with bictegravir/tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine was initiated to treat HIV and provide concurrent hepatitis B coverage. Within 2 weeks, the patient experienced complete resolution of hematochezia and diarrhea. At 3-month follow-up, the CD4 count had risen to 570 cells/µL, HIV RNA was undetectable (<20 copies/mL), and the rapid plasma reagin titer had declined from 1:512 to 1:32. This case underscores that syphilitic proctitis may manifest with severe ulcerative disease even in patients with relatively preserved immune function. Clinicians should maintain vigilance for syphilis in individuals with HIV who present with rectal bleeding or proctitis to prevent diagnostic delays and ensure timely therapy.

PMID 43012798
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PubMedmSphere2026-11-11

Genetic detoxification of an unencapsulated Neisseria meningitidis strain enhances potency of outer membrane vesicle vaccines and cross-reactivity of vaccine-specific antibodies.

Matthias Kathryn A KA, Kumova Ogan K OK, Reveille Alexandra A, Bizzell Erica E et al.

Meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) detergent-detoxified outer membrane vesicle (dOMV) vaccines demonstrate high effectiveness against the homologous production strain but confer limited cross-protection to heterologous strains. We previously reported that dOMVs isolated from a MenB strain deleted for the proteins PorA, PorB, and RmpM (ΔABR) elicited bactericidal antibodies with a greater breadth of coverage, but of lower overall titer, compared to wild-type (WT) dOMV-induced antibodies. Low ΔABR dOMV potency was associated with pronounced vesicular deterioration and lower levels of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and capsular polysaccharide (Cps) relative to WT dOMVs, phenotypes resulting from detergent detoxification procedures required to limit LOS-induced toxicity. In this study, we engineered genetically detoxified ΔABR strains that were deleted singly for the lauroyl acyltransferase LpxL1 (ΔABRL) or in tandem for the Cps polysialyltransferase SiaD (ΔABRSL). Genetically detoxified, detergent-extracted OMVs (eOMVs) from ΔABRL and ΔABRSL retained vesicular structure and elicited functional antibodies with increased cross-reactivity compared to ΔABR and ΔABRL dOMVs when administered to rabbits. Antibody seropositivity and cross-reactivity were similarly increased in mice vaccinated with ΔABRL eOMVs vs ΔABRL dOMVs. ΔABRSL eOMV potency was higher than that of ΔABRL eOMVs, suggesting a role for Cps in suppressing antibody responses. Immunization with eOMVs was associated with trends toward improved murine T helper cell responses and elicitation of higher proportions of conformational antibodies that may have contributed to improved bactericidal activity. ΔABRSL eOMVs additionally showed decreased toxicity compared to WT and ΔABR dOMVs when tested in vitro, supporting further study as a vaccine candidate. The ability to target multiple serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis strains with a single vesicle vaccine is complicated by the diversity of antigens that span the bacterial surface. We previously reported that vesicles isolated from meningococcal strains deleted for the major antigenically diverse surface proteins elicited functional antibodies that could kill a large number of N. meningitidis strains though at relatively low titers. Low potency of the mutant vaccines was associated with a breakdown of the vesicular membrane upon detergent treatment, a process necessary to diminish endogenous endotoxin levels and ensure vaccine safety. In this study, we demonstrate that we can retain high cross-reactivity of anti-vesicle antibodies without decreasing the potency of the host immune response through genetic detoxification of the meningococcal vaccine strain. By preventing the formation of the complete endotoxin structure, we are able to isolate vesicles that are safe and immunogenic without the requirement for detergent detoxification.

PMID 43012508
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PubMedRevista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales. Serie A, Matematicas2026-11-11

Scales, products and the second row of the Scheepers diagram.

Pawlikowski Michał M, Szewczak Piotr P, Zdomskyy Lyubomyr L

We consider products of sets of reals with a combinatorial structure based on scales parameterized by filters. Sets of this kind have been extensively investigated in products of spaces with combinatorial covering properties such as the Hurewicz, Scheepers, Menger, and Rothberger properties. We will complete this picture by focusing on properties from the second row of the Scheepers diagram. We solve in the affirmative a problem due to Bartoszyński-Tsaban, whether all finite powers of a b -scale set satisfy the strong covering property S 1 ( Γ , Ω ) . We also show that, in the Miller model, the product of finitely many d -concentrated sets satisfies S 1 ( Γ , Ω ) . We further provide product counterexamples demonstrating limitations of the methods used.

PMID 43011216
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