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adjuvants (ImmuMax / ImmuMax SR / adjuvants, Repros)

✓ Approved

Repros Therapeutics Inc. · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is adjuvants?

adjuvants is a small molecule developed by Repros Therapeutics Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via unknown.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesImmuMax, ImmuMax SR, adjuvants, Repros
CompanyRepros Therapeutics Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteUnknown
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Repros Therapeutics Inc.

Therapeutic Indications

adjuvants is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresOral appliance application✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedCurrent allergy and asthma reports2026-05-24

The Role of the Indoor Exposome in Food Allergy Development.

Humphrey Jessica R JR, Mathai Priscilla P, Moran Timothy P TP, Kulis Michael D MD et al.

Due to the rapid rise in the prevalence of food allergy, environmental exposures, in addition to genetic susceptibility, are likely contributors to allergic disease. In developed countries, individuals spend a substantial proportion of time indoors. Therefore, the indoor exposome provides a unique framework to examine factors driving the increase in the rates of food allergy. This review summarizes epidemiological and mechanistic evidence of the indoor exposome, consisting of the combined exposures to food antigens, microbes, and chemicals encountered in indoor environments during early life, and their influence on food allergy development. Indoor house dust contains detectable food allergens, which remain biologically active and may be linked to non-oral exposure, leading to allergic sensitization. In contrast, early-life exposures to diverse microbes and their products are associated with protection from allergic disease. Emerging evidence further demonstrates that indoor chemicals, including detergents, plasticizers, and pollutants, can disrupt epithelial barrier integrity or function as immune adjuvants, thus increasing susceptibility to food sensitization. Collectively, these findings highlight the indoor exposome as a complex and important determinant of food allergy risk. Improved understanding of how the indoor exposome influences food allergy development may inform future primary prevention or intervention strategies.

PMID 42176051
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PubMedAdvances in virus research2026-05-24

Transcriptional regulation of human endogenous retroviruses in cancer.

Kogut Sophie S, Padilla-Gálvez Mónica M, Blanco-Melo Daniel D

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) provide a direct record of the millions of years of co-evolution between humans and viruses. Yet, due to their repetitive nature and former reputation as "junk DNA," a full characterization of the functional roles and transcriptional regulation of HERVs remains to be achieved. As sequencing technologies improve, better resolution data regarding HERV expression and regulation has become attainable, and there is mounting evidence of aberrant HERV expression in various human diseases, particularly cancer. However, the perturbations to the transcriptional regulatory processes that govern these endogenized retroviral elements in cancer remain unclear. In this review, we will summarize the state of our understanding of the various mechanisms that control HERV expression in cancer, focusing primarily on aberrant methylation and KRAB-domain containing zinc finger proteins (KZFPs), among others. Many of these regulatory mechanisms are employed in stem cells to regulate pluripotency and differentiation and are also deployed in a subpopulation of cancer cells with high self-renewal and proliferation capacity, called cancer stem cells. While the expression of specific HERVs in cancer could be beneficial, deleterious, or neutral, the potential to use HERVs as biomarkers or immune adjuvants to enhance immunotherapies against cancer is promising. The implications of shared transcriptional mechanisms across cancer and stem cells will expose new areas to intervene with cancer treatments, ushering in a new era of HERV-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics.

PMID 42177092
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PubMedCancer cell international2026-05-24

Repurposing melatonin for its potential roles in gastrointestinal cancers: highlighting the molecular mechanisms.

Yousefipour Kiana K, Razavi Rohani Seyed Soheil SS, Hosseini Sayed Mohammad Mahdi SMM, Kafilzadeh Kianaz K et al.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the most common cancers of the decade, many of which have a poor prognosis. Due to the high prevalence of toxicity and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of chemotherapeutic agents and low patient compliance, there is always a need for drugs that can be used as adjuvants to existing cancer treatments with low ADRs which can boost the efficacy of chemotherapeutics and reduce the associated toxicities. Repurposing or repositioning a drug with known pharmacological properties is of great value in this context. Drug repurposing has been applied in many illnesses in the recent decade. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone with multiple anticancer properties. It demonstrates antitumor effects by modifying several critical signaling pathways, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and also reducing oxidative stress. It also reduces toxicity of chemotherapeutics. Due to specific characteristics of melatonin and its limited toxicity, melatonin can be considered as a potential for repositioning in various cancers. Hence, melatonin can be included as an off-label adjuvant chemotherapy to improve the prognosis and overall quality of life of patients suffering from GI cancers. Herein, the action of melatonin on various GI cancers, with the emphasis on its effect on major oncogenic signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)) are discussed. Additionally, mechanisms by which melatonin halts the process of mitosis, induces apoptosis, and makes tumors more vulnerable to chemotherapy are discussed.

PMID 42177485
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PubMedBiology direct2026-05-23

Naringin and hesperidin protect ovarian granulosa cells from cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by enhancing bioenergetics and mitophagy.

Liu Jiying J, Elmorsy Ekramy M EM, Abdeen Ahmed A, Anajirih Nuha N et al.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely deployed chemotherapeutic medication used to treat various solid tumors, but its clinical utility is limited by dose-dependent ovarian toxicity. Naringin (NG) and hesperidin (HD) are two naturally occurring flavonoids found in citrus fruits and have protective effects on mitochondrial function. The current study examined the protective effects of NG and HD on CDDP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity in granulosa cells. The cells are treated with CDDP alone or with NG or HD. CDDP reduced cell viability, ATP synthesis, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and mitochondrial complex functions in a dose-dependent pattern. It also altered mitochondrial dynamics and enhanced glycolytic activity, as exhibited by lactate levels. MMF increased, and fatty acid composition changed, resulting in a higher unsaturated/saturated ratio. PINK1 and PARKIN levels were reduced upon CDDP treatment, suggesting mitophagy disruption. Co-treatment of NG and HD enhanced complex activity, MMP, OCR, ATP generation, and cell viability. MMF was protected by NG and HD, which also stabilized fatty acids and enhanced ion permeability and mitochondrial swelling. Compared to NG, HD preserved numerous attributes more effectively and restored them almost completely. NG and HD effectively preserve mitochondrial bioenergetics, structure, and dynamics in granulosa cells, mitigating CDDP-induced dysfunction. These findings highlight their potential as natural adjuvants to reduce ovarian toxicity and support fertility preservation in female cancer patients.

PMID 42174625
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PubMedCell chemical biology2026-05-22

SpsB is a target of SOS-response inhibitor OXF-077 and regulates quinolone resistance emergence.

Bradbury Jacob D JD, Walsh Timothy R TR, Lanyon-Hogg Thomas T

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat, urgently requiring novel compounds with new targets. One emerging strategy is the development of antibiotic adjuvants that inhibit the mutagenic SOS response in bacteria, thus prolonging antibiotic efficacy. OXF-077 is a potent SOS-response inhibitor that suppresses the emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus; however, the cellular target of OXF-077 is unknown. We report here the use of affinity-based protein profiling to identify signal peptidase IB (SpsB) as a target of OXF-077. Genetic and chemical studies demonstrated that SpsB is required for the upregulation of the SOS response gene recA and increased frequency of resistance to ciprofloxacin. SpsB is therefore postulated to regulate the SOS response in S. aureus, representing a cell surface peptidase that can be targeted by small molecules to slow the evolution of resistance. Collectively, this work delivers SpsB as an attractive target to combat the urgent threat of AMR.

PMID 42167239
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PubMedIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR2026-05-22

Four Steroidal Saponins Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Allium jesdianum Exhibit Antibiofilm Effects Against Colistin-Resistant Clinical Strains, with an In Silico Study.

Eslami Saeid S, Zolfaghari Behzad B, Sadeghi Dinani Masoud M, Mirzaee Arezoo A et al.

Global health security is critically threatened by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, which frequently overexpress efflux pumps to expel antibiotics, rendering last-resort drugs like colistin ineffective and diminishing treatment options. This study investigated the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of four steroidal saponins isolated from the aerial parts of Allium jesdianum Boiss. & Buhse against colistin-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compounds were extracted, purified using modern chromatographic techniques, and structurally characterized via NMR and mass spectrometry as known saponins, including aginoside and F-gitonin derivatives. Four steroidal-type saponins were isolated. Bioactivity assays revealed that compounds 1 - 3 exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4 mg/mL against colistin-resistant pathogens: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii, though no bactericidal activity was observed via agar diffusion. Notably, compound 3 demonstrated the strongest antibiofilm activity, achieving up to 75% inhibition at 4 mg/mL. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that all compounds upregulated efflux pump genes (adeB, acrA, blaKPC, oprL), which limit their antibacterial activity. Molecular docking studies further supported the interaction of compound 3 with the adeB efflux pump, indicating strong binding affinity via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. These findings highlight the saponin profile in aerial parts of edible plant A. jesdianum as well as their modest antibacterial activity, but with potential as adjuvants in combating biofilm formation.

PMID 42170637
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