Drug Database
ES

estradiol + gestodene (Avidene 2 / Convaden / Avaden 1)

✓ Approved

Bayer AG · ESR1 · Small Molecule

What is estradiol + gestodene?

estradiol + gestodene is a small molecule developed by Bayer AG. It is approved for therapeutic indications via unknown.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesAvidene 2, Convaden, Avaden 1
CompanyBayer AG
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetESR1, PGR
RouteUnknown
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Bayer AG

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

estradiol + gestodene acts on 2 molecular targets:

ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ER, ESR)
PGRprogesterone receptor (NR3C3, PR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

estradiol + gestodene is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresHormone replacement therapy✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedIBRO neuroscience reports2026-09-18

Modulation of spatial learning and memory by cannabinoid-estrogen interaction in an AD-like cognitive impairment: The role of cannabinoid receptors and BDNF protein.

Mirshekar Mohammad Ali MA, Nadi Farzaneh F, Fanaei Hamed H, Chahkandi Mohadeseh M

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, with women showing a higher risk of developing the disease. The decline in steroid hormones after menopause may contribute to the increased susceptibility of women to neurodegenerative conditions. In parallel, cannabis-derived compounds have been reported to alleviate certain symptoms associated with neurological disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of marijuana extract on cognitive impairment and hippocampal molecular markers in an ovariectomized AD-like rat model, and to evaluate whether co-administration with estradiol modifies these effects. The marijuana extract used in this study was characterized by HPLC and was found to contain 8.5% Δ9-THC. AD-like cognitive impairment pathology was induced by intra-hippocampal administration of Aβ25-35 in OVX rats. Animals were treated with marijuana extract (60 mg/kg/day, corresponding to approximately 5.1 mg/kg/day Δ9-THC) either alone or in combination with 17β-estradiol (1 mg/kg every 4 days) for 28 days. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM). In addition, hippocampal CB1/CB2 receptor expression and BDNF protein levels were measured to examine potential molecular associations. Our findings showed that chronic administration of the marijuana extract improved Aβ25-35-induced deficits in spatial learning and memory. Alterations in CB1 receptor expression and BDNF levels accompanied these behavioral effects. Notably, co-treatment with estradiol did not produce a synergistic effect, suggesting a complex interaction between cannabinoid-related and estrogen-related signaling pathways. These preclinical findings suggest that a THC-standardized marijuana extract may exert neuroprotective-like effects in an AD-like cognitive impairment model. However, because the extract was not fully phytochemically characterized and the mechanistic analyses were correlational, the results should be interpreted cautiously. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and translational relevance of these findings.

PMID 42756662
Read full article →
PubMedFrontiers in psychology2026-09-18

Gonadal hormones and impulsivity facets: moderating roles of cortisol and anxiety.

Barel Efrat E, Cohen Ami A, Mahagna Lila L

Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that reflects both affective reactivity and cognitive control processes. Although gonadal hormones have been implicated in impulsive behavior, their associations with specific impulsivity facets may depend on contextual physiological and affective conditions. In this study, we ask whether internal neuroendocrine and psychological states moderate associations between gonadal hormones and impulsivity facets. Salivary levels of testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol are assessed in a mixed sample of 197 participants comprised of 66 men, 68 users of oral contraceptives, and 63 naturally cycling women in the mid-luteal phase. Participants complete the four facets of the Urgency-Premeditation-Perseverance-Sensation (UPPS) Impulsive Behavior scale and a measure of state anxiety. Moderated regression analyses examine whether cortisol levels and anxiety moderate associations between gonadal hormones and impulsivity facets. Results indicate that hormonal associations with impulsivity are context-dependent. Cortisol and anxiety moderate associations between gonadal hormones and regulatory facets of impulsivity. In particular, estradiol shows context-dependent associations with lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance, whereas testosterone is associated with perseverance at higher anxiety levels. These effects are specific to regulatory facets of impulsivity and are not observed for urgency or sensation-seeking. The findings suggest that associations between gonadal hormones and impulsive behavior may be contingent upon concurrent neuroendocrine and psychological contexts.

PMID 42755796
Read full article →
PubMedTranslational animal science2026-09-18

Effect of single implant and re-implant strategies on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing cattle.

Smith Zachary K F ZKF, Francis Becca G BG, Word Alyssa B AB, Waite Audie A et al.

Three randomized complete block design experiments evaluated a single implant strategy versus approved re-implant strategies in feedlot cattle using trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol-based implants. Revalor implants were from Merck Animal Health; Synovex implants were from Zoetis. Exp. 1: A total of 1400 steers (initial BW = 320 kg), housed in open lot, dirt-surfaced pens with a concrete apron, were assigned to either a single Revalor-XS (initial 80 mg TBA + 16 mg E2; delayed 120 mg TBA + 24 mg E2) administered 209 d pre-harvest (XS) or a re-implant strategy of Synovex-Choice (100 mg TBA + 14 mg EB) on d 0 followed by Synovex-ONE Feedlot (200 mg TBA + 28 mg EB) 60 d later (CHSOF). Pen served as the experimental unit. Initial BW differed and was included as a covariate. CHSOF increased (P = 0.01) DMI, and numerically increased ADG and HCW relative to XS, XS numerically improved net energy utilization by 2.27% (P ≤ 0.12). Exp. 2: Steers (n = 480; initial BW = 388 kg) were assigned to 48 open lot, dirt-surfaced pens with a concrete apron (10 steers/pen). A 2 × 3 factorial compared XS vs. CHSOF (re-implant at 70 d) across harvest times of 162, 183, or 204 DOF. Pen served as the experimental unit. Implant strategy had minimal effect on performance and carcass traits; increasing DOF increased (P ≤ 0.01) HCW, rib fat, and ribeye area. Exp. 3: Beef × Dairy heifers, (n = 685) and steers (n = 660; initial BW ≈ 167-170 kg) received CHSOF (d 100 and 200), CHPLUS (Choice d 200, Synovex Plus d 300), or Revalor strategies: XS (steers) or XH (heifers; lower estradiol dose) at d 100 (RevX100) or d 200 (RevX200). Cattle were hosued in open lot, dirt-surfaced pens with a concrete apron. Individual animal served as the experimental unit. RevX100 and RevX200 produced heavier (P ≤ 0.01) HCW than CHPLUS, while CHPLUS improved (P ≤ 0.01) yield grade. In conclusion, a single extended-release implant (Revalor-XS/XH) performs comparably to Synovex re-implant programs in cattle finished over 200 to 400 DOF.

PMID 42757368
Read full article →
PubMedBiochemical and biophysical research communications2026-09-18

Complementary roles of Smad6 and Smad7 in BMP-15-mediated steroidogenic regulation in granulosa cells.

Soejima Yoshiaki Y, Yamamoto Koichiro K, Iwata Nahoko N, Motohashi Kanon K et al.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, play essential roles in ovarian follicular development and steroidogenesis. Although inhibitory Smads (Smad6 and Smad7) negatively regulate BMP/TGF-β signaling, their roles in ovarian steroidogenesis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of Smad6 and Smad7 on BMP-15-mediated steroidogenic regulation using human granulosa-like KGN cells and primary rat granulosa cells. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Smad6 enhanced BMP-15-induced Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation and Id-1 expression, whereas Smad7 knockdown increased basal Id-1 expression independently of BMP-15 in KGN cells. BMP-15 reduced progesterogenic StAR expression and this effect was enhanced by Smad6 or Smad7 knockdown. In addition, BMP-15 increased metabolization of progesterone by 20αHSD induction under Smad7-knockdown conditions, whereas aromatase expression was unaffected by BMP-15 regardless of Smad6 or Smad7 knockdown. In primary rat granulosa cells, combined knockdown of Smad6 and Smad7 significantly reduced basal and FSH-induced progesterone production without affecting estradiol production. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibitory Smad6 and Smad7 differentially and complementarily regulate BMP-15 signaling and progesterone synthesis in granulosa cells, contributing to the fine-tuning of ovarian BMP signaling and luteinization.

PMID 42759274
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of bone metabolism2026-09-18

Alcohol Intake and Bone Microarchitecture Deterioration in Older Men: The Prospective Structure of Aging Men's Bones (STRAMBO) Study.

Szulc Pawel P, Whittier Danielle E DE, Boyd Steven K SK, Chapurlat Roland R

Data on the link between alcohol intake and prospectively assessed changes in areal bone mineral density (aBMD) are scarce. Our aim was to assess the association of alcohol intake with bone loss and microarchitectural decline prospectively assessed in older men. In 818 men aged 60 to 87 years, bone microarchitecture was assessed at the distal radius and distal tibia (XtremeCT; Scanco Medical). Areal aBMD was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Inc.). Both were assessed at baseline, then after 4 and 8 years. Linear mixed models were adjusted for age, body mass index, bioavailable 17β-estradiol, osteoprotegerin, parathyroid hormone, Creactive protein and for grip strength (radius) or for the lower limb physical function score (tibia). At baseline, aBMD and bone microarchitecture measures did not differ across the classes of alcohol intake. During the follow-up, aBMD decrease did not vary differently across the classes of alcohol intake. Men drinking 16 to 112 g alcohol per week had the slowest bone microarchitecture decline (reference group). At the distal radius, trabecular BMD (Tb.BMD) and number (Tb.N) decreased faster in men consuming <16 g/week and in men drinking >224 g/week vs. the reference group. At the distal tibia, cortical thickness (Ct.Thd), cortical area (Ct.Ar), reaction force, and failure load decreased faster in men consuming <16 g/week and in men drinking >224 g/week versus the reference group. Moderate alcohol intake is associated with slower bone decline. Very low and higher alcohol intake were associated with faster bone microarchitecture deterioration in older men when assessed prospectively.

PMID 42754986
Read full article →
PubMedISME communications2026-09-18

Gut microbiomics reveals host-microbe crosstalk during sexual differentiation in the shortfin eel Anguilla bicolor.

Brandon-Mong Guo-Jie GJ, Lee Tzong-Huei TH, Chen Yi-Lung YL, Hsiao Tsun-Hsien TH et al.

The global decline in anguillid eel populations has intensified interest in understanding their biology for conservation and aquaculture. While host-gut microbiota interactions are well-characterized in homeotherms, these relationships remain poorly understood in poikilotherms during sexual differentiation. We examined gut microbiota dynamics across developmental stages in the shortfin eel Anguilla bicolor, which exhibits early sexual differentiation and a relatively short life cycle. Glass eels were cultivated in controlled freshwater conditions for 3 years, with sampling at key stages: glass eel, elver, sex-undetermined eel, and sex-determined eel. Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant compositional shifts during development, with higher bacterial richness in adults versus younger eels. Early stages were dominated by Pseudomonadota, while sex-determined adults showed increased Deinococcota abundance. Network analysis identified Deinococcus, Sphingomonas, and Variovorax as key genera in sex-determined eels, with positive correlations between anti-Müllerian hormone gene expression and these taxa. We collected 66 gut bacterial strains capable of metabolizing sex hormones under microaerobic conditions. These isolates, representing 22 genera across four phyla, demonstrated diverse metabolic capabilities from partial oxidation to complete steroid mineralization. Multiple strains achieved complete estradiol degradation as single isolates-a rare metabolic capability of environmental microorganisms. Comparative genomic analysis revealed widespread steroid-metabolizing genes, with Deinococcus species showing previously unreported hormone degradation capabilities. Our microbiomics analysis demonstrates that gut microbiota composition and function are intimately linked to eel sexual development, suggesting bidirectional host-microbe interactions influencing reproductive physiology. These findings advance understanding of host-microbiota interactions in aquatic vertebrates and provide implications for eel aquaculture and conservation.

PMID 42756749
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about estradiol + gestodene