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RH

rhIFN-alpha (ReliFeron)

✓ Approved

Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited · IFNAR2 · Recombinant Proteins

What is rhIFN-alpha?

rhIFN-alpha is a recombinant proteins developed by Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection or intravenous (iv) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesReliFeron
CompanyReliance Life Sciences Private Limited
Drug ClassRecombinant Proteins
Molecular TargetIFNAR2
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection, Intravenous (IV), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Reliance Life Sciences Private Limited

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

rhIFN-alpha acts on 1 molecular target:

IFNAR2interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 2 (IFNARB, IFN-alpha-REC)
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Therapeutic Indications

rhIFN-alpha is developed for 8 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Hairy cell leukaemia✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsHepatitis B✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsHepatitis C✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Kaposi's sarcoma✓ Approved
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma✓ Approved

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PubMedClinical neurophysiology practice2026-09-20

Cathodal tDCS in obsessive-compulsive disorder: cognitive and neurophysiological outcomes in a double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Zaks-Ohayon Rut R, Hakmon Talia Beit-On TB, Cohen Hagit H, Besser Itay I et al.

This preliminary study examined the efficacy of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in reducing symptom severity, enhancing cognitive flexibility, and modulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted with 20 patients meeting DSM-V criteria for OCD, of whom 15 completed the intervention and were included in the final analysis. Participants received cathodal mPFC-tDCS (2 mA, 20 min, 10 sessions) or sham stimulation. Symptom severity (Y-BOCS), cognitive flexibility (task-switching), salivary BDNF, and frontal alpha activity (qEEG at Fz) were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. The tDCS group exhibited greater reductions in Y-BOCS scores over time (F(2, 26) = 12.562, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.425). Task-switching performance improved in the experimental group compared with controls (F(2, 26) = 20.351, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.531). Salivary BDNF levels increased significantly in the tDCS group at follow-up (F(2, 16) = 6.086, p = 0.01, partial η2 = 0.432). Trends toward normalization of frontal alpha activity were observed, but did not reach statistical significance. Cathodal mPFC-tDCS was associated with reduced OCD symptom severity, improved cognitive flexibility, and increased salivary BDNF. These preliminary findings warrant replication in larger controlled samples. This study extends previous tDCS research in OCD by integrating clinical outcomes with cognitive performance and a peripheral marker of neuroplasticity. It provides preliminary support for mPFC-targeted tDCS as a potential intervention for OCD.

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PubMedBritish journal of cancer2026-09-20

Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a case-cohort analysis.

Albers Frances Em FE, Swain Christopher Tv CT, Dashti S Ghazaleh SG, Rinaldi Sabina S et al.

The role of systemic inflammation in postmenopausal breast carcinogenesis remains unclear. Using a case-cohort study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we estimated the effects of circulating inflammatory biomarkers on the risk of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. We included 1223 females (347 cases) who were postmenopausal at blood collection. For each biomarker, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ER-positive breast cancer were estimated (1) per-doubling in biomarker concentration and (2) for quartiles of concentration with the lowest category as the reference, using weighted Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator. The risk of postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer increased per doubling in blood concentrations of leptin (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.25), adiponectin (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.34), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (RR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.68), and interleukin-10 (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.29). The RR for a doubling of the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio was 1.07 (0.99, 1.16). RRs for other biomarkers were 1.04 (0.93, 1.17) for interferon-gamma, 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) for interleukin-6, 0.98 (0.83, 1.16) for interleukin-8, and 1.03 (0.95, 1.11) for C-reactive protein. Systemic inflammation may be important in the risk of developing ER-positive breast cancer for postmenopausal females.

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PubMedFood science & nutrition2026-09-20

Dietary Supplementation With Lily Bulb Core Extract Improves Feed Efficiency, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Health in Yellow-Feathered Broilers.

Tan Jiawei J, Yin Jiahui J, Fan Xiqing X, Zhang Linyu L et al.

Lily bulb core is an underused by-product of edible lily processing. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with lily bulb core extract (BHX) would improve growth performance and meat quality and would be accompanied by changes in intestinal morphology, cecal fermentation, and microbiota. A total of 240 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were assigned to four dietary treatments with six replicate cages of 10 birds each: a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg BHX for 53 days. All BHX treatments increased average daily gain over days 1-53, whereas 300 and 600 mg/kg reduced the feed conversion ratio compared with CON. Cooking loss in both breast and leg muscles was lower at 600 and 900 mg/kg than in CON. The duodenal villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio was increased at 300 and 600 mg/kg. Cecal butyrate increased in all BHX groups and reached the highest concentration at 900 mg/kg. Overall alpha and beta diversity did not differ significantly among treatments, although selected bacterial genera differed among groups. BHX improved several production, meat-quality, and intestinal traits, with 600 mg/kg producing the most consistent overall response under the present experimental conditions.

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PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-09-20

Factors and a configurational pathway associated with lower turnover intention among high-level medical professionals in county-level hospitals in China: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Dong Shuxin S, Tai Qiuyuan Q, Yao Yiming Y, Shen Junlong J et al.

This study developed a context-specific framework of perceived conditions related to lower turnover intention among high-level medical professionals in county-level hospitals and examined the configurational pattern associated with a high retention-oriented score. A multicenter cross-sectional study combined three Delphi rounds, psychometric evaluation, and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The Delphi process progressed from 33 items in round 1-37 in round 2 and 34 assessed in round 3, with 33 retained for the survey. From July 2024 to February 2025, online and paper questionnaires were distributed in 10 county-level public hospitals in Jiangsu Province. Of 635 questionnaires distributed, 611 were returned and 579 were valid. The sample was randomly split for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n = 289) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 290). fsQCA used the full sample, a frequency threshold of 10, consistency of 0.85, and proportional reduction in inconsistency (PRI) of 0.70. Thirty experts participated in Delphi round 1 and 29 in rounds 2 and 3 after one expert retired. The final 31 condition items showed high internal consistency (alpha = 0.971), suggesting both reliability and possible redundancy. Parallel analysis in the EFA half-sample suggested two factors, whereas a theory-constrained five-factor solution remained interpretable. In the CFA half-sample, the correlated five-factor model fit was marginal (Satorra-Bentler chi-square = 1350.48, df = 424, CFI = 0.903, TLI = 0.893, RMSEA = 0.087, 90% CI 0.082-0.092, SRMR = 0.042) and was similar to the second-order and bifactor models. No condition met the 0.90 necessity threshold. The corrected truth-table analysis identified one high-score configuration, PD*IES*CIS*OIE (consistency = 0.953; PRI = 0.917; coverage = 0.631). PD and CIS were core present conditions; IES and OIE were peripheral present conditions; IEPS was not included. A single sufficient configuration combined favorable perceptions of personal development, institutional/environmental support, compensation/incentive support, and organizational/interpersonal empowerment. The result does not support multiple substitutable pathways. Because the outcome was a retention-oriented score derived from a turnover-intention measure, the findings concern lower turnover intention rather than directly observed retention. The cross-sectional, individual-level results indicate associations and should not be interpreted causally or at the hospital level.

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PubMedCureus2026-09-20

A Psychometric Comparison of Faculty-Authored and Large Language Model-Generated Multiple-Choice Questions in Endodontics.

Damor Pradipkumar P, Gill Sarita S, Wani Wasim W, Arora Gauri G et al.

Background and objective Designing high-quality multiple-choice questions (MCQs) in dental education is highly resource-intensive. While generative artificial intelligence (AI) offers a rapid, scalable solution for automated item generation, there is limited student-tested psychometric evidence comparing uncurated large language model (LLM) outputs with traditional faculty-authored items in advanced dental specialties like endodontics. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the psychometric properties, specifically the difficulty index, discrimination index, distractor effectiveness, and internal consistency reliability, of faculty-authored and uncurated, LLM-generated endodontic MCQs. Materials and methods Sixty single-best-answer MCQs (30 authored by experienced endodontic faculty and 30 generated by the LLM Claude Sonnet 5 (Anthropic, San Francisco, CA) using a standardized single-prompt framework) were distributed evenly across 10 core endodontic domains. The unified 60-item examination was digitally administered to a convenience sample of 100 dental interns in a single, randomized, 60-minute session. Psychometric parameters were computed using classical test theory, and scale reliabilities were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha (α). Continuous variables were compared using independent-samples t-tests. Results The faculty-authored subscale demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.851), while the LLM subscale showed acceptable reliability (α = 0.798). Faculty-authored items had a significantly higher mean discrimination capacity (p = 0.00747) and a more balanced difficulty profile, with 27 (90.0%) of the items falling into the moderate difficulty range. Conversely, LLM-generated items were significantly easier (p = 0.000918), with 13 (43.3%) classified as easy, and had a high rate of non-functional distractors (NFDs). While five (16.7%) of the LLM questions had 100% NFDs (where all distractors failed to function), the faculty cohort had no such items. A concurrency analysis revealed that three (10.0%) of the faculty items simultaneously satisfied all ideal psychometric benchmarks, compared to only one (3.3%) of the LLM items. Conclusions Although next-generation LLMs can produce stylistically authentic clinical vignettes that closely mimic human-authored writing, their raw, uncurated outputs exhibit significant psychometric limitations, particularly regarding distractor plausibility and item discrimination. Fully autonomous AI item generation is not yet viable for high-stakes assessments. A hybrid "human-in-the-loop" model, where LLMs are leveraged for rapid preliminary drafting and experienced educators perform targeted distractor refinement, can safeguard assessment validity while substantially reducing the administrative burden on dental faculty.

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PubMedFrontiers in oncology2026-09-19

Alpha particle therapy in glioblastoma: emerging biomarkers, mechanisms of response, and translational opportunities.

Kutuk Tugce T, Atak Ece E, Harrell Marshall M, Raval Raju R et al.

Glioblastoma remains the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Disease progression is driven by multiple biological mechanisms, including glioma stem cell persistence, intratumoral heterogeneity, hypoxia-associated treatment resistance, enhanced DNA damage repair, immune evasion, and dynamic interactions within the tumor microenvironment. These factors contribute to therapeutic failure and highlight the need for novel treatment strategies and biomarker-driven approaches guiding patient selection and response assessment. Alpha particle therapy is a promising modality due to it's high linear energy transfer (LET), short tissue range, and potent relative biological effectiveness (RBE), inducing complex DNA damage that is difficult to repair while limiting radiation exposure to surrounding normal tissue. Among emerging platforms, Diffusing Alpha-emitters Radiation Therapy (Alpha DaRT) enables sustained intratumoral delivery of alpha-emitting radionuclides, while targeted alpha therapies employ tumor-specific radiopharmaceuticals to selectively deliver highly cytotoxic radiation to malignant cells. Beyond direct tumor cell killing, accumulating evidence suggests alpha particle therapy targets several biological pathways implicated in glioblastoma progression, including DNA damage response signaling, glioma stem cell survival, hypoxia-driven adaptation, and immune suppression. These mechanisms generated growing interest in the identification of predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers capable of guiding treatment selection and monitoring therapeutic response. Candidate biomarkers include DNA repair-associated proteins, stemness-related markers, molecular alterations such as MGMT and IDH status, liquid biopsy analytes, and advanced imaging biomarkers. In this review, we summarize current alpha-emitting therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma, with particular emphasis on Alpha DaRT, and discuss emerging biological mechanisms of response, biomarkers associated with tumor progression and therapeutic sensitivity, and opportunities for biomarker-guided clinical implementation.

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