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alpha-1 proteinase (Trypsone / Trypsan)

✓ Approved

Grifols, S.A. · SERPINA1

What is alpha-1 proteinase?

alpha-1 proteinase is a therapeutic agent developed by Grifols, S.A.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesTrypsone, Trypsan
CompanyGrifols, S.A.
Molecular TargetSERPINA1
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Grifols, S.A.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

alpha-1 proteinase acts on 1 molecular target:

SERPINA1serpin family A member 1 (PRO2275, nNIF)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

alpha-1 proteinase is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersCongenital emphysema✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBritish journal of cancer2026-09-20

Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a case-cohort analysis.

Albers Frances Em FE, Swain Christopher Tv CT, Dashti S Ghazaleh SG, Rinaldi Sabina S et al.

The role of systemic inflammation in postmenopausal breast carcinogenesis remains unclear. Using a case-cohort study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we estimated the effects of circulating inflammatory biomarkers on the risk of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. We included 1223 females (347 cases) who were postmenopausal at blood collection. For each biomarker, risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ER-positive breast cancer were estimated (1) per-doubling in biomarker concentration and (2) for quartiles of concentration with the lowest category as the reference, using weighted Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator. The risk of postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer increased per doubling in blood concentrations of leptin (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.25), adiponectin (RR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.34), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (RR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.68), and interleukin-10 (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.29). The RR for a doubling of the leptin-to-adiponectin ratio was 1.07 (0.99, 1.16). RRs for other biomarkers were 1.04 (0.93, 1.17) for interferon-gamma, 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) for interleukin-6, 0.98 (0.83, 1.16) for interleukin-8, and 1.03 (0.95, 1.11) for C-reactive protein. Systemic inflammation may be important in the risk of developing ER-positive breast cancer for postmenopausal females.

PMID 42763311
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PubMedFood science & nutrition2026-09-20

Dietary Supplementation With Lily Bulb Core Extract Improves Feed Efficiency, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Health in Yellow-Feathered Broilers.

Tan Jiawei J, Yin Jiahui J, Fan Xiqing X, Zhang Linyu L et al.

Lily bulb core is an underused by-product of edible lily processing. We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with lily bulb core extract (BHX) would improve growth performance and meat quality and would be accompanied by changes in intestinal morphology, cecal fermentation, and microbiota. A total of 240 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were assigned to four dietary treatments with six replicate cages of 10 birds each: a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg BHX for 53 days. All BHX treatments increased average daily gain over days 1-53, whereas 300 and 600 mg/kg reduced the feed conversion ratio compared with CON. Cooking loss in both breast and leg muscles was lower at 600 and 900 mg/kg than in CON. The duodenal villus-height-to-crypt-depth ratio was increased at 300 and 600 mg/kg. Cecal butyrate increased in all BHX groups and reached the highest concentration at 900 mg/kg. Overall alpha and beta diversity did not differ significantly among treatments, although selected bacterial genera differed among groups. BHX improved several production, meat-quality, and intestinal traits, with 600 mg/kg producing the most consistent overall response under the present experimental conditions.

PMID 42763623
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PubMedClinical neurophysiology practice2026-09-20

Cathodal tDCS in obsessive-compulsive disorder: cognitive and neurophysiological outcomes in a double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Zaks-Ohayon Rut R, Hakmon Talia Beit-On TB, Cohen Hagit H, Besser Itay I et al.

This preliminary study examined the efficacy of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in reducing symptom severity, enhancing cognitive flexibility, and modulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted with 20 patients meeting DSM-V criteria for OCD, of whom 15 completed the intervention and were included in the final analysis. Participants received cathodal mPFC-tDCS (2 mA, 20 min, 10 sessions) or sham stimulation. Symptom severity (Y-BOCS), cognitive flexibility (task-switching), salivary BDNF, and frontal alpha activity (qEEG at Fz) were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. The tDCS group exhibited greater reductions in Y-BOCS scores over time (F(2, 26) = 12.562, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.425). Task-switching performance improved in the experimental group compared with controls (F(2, 26) = 20.351, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.531). Salivary BDNF levels increased significantly in the tDCS group at follow-up (F(2, 16) = 6.086, p = 0.01, partial η2 = 0.432). Trends toward normalization of frontal alpha activity were observed, but did not reach statistical significance. Cathodal mPFC-tDCS was associated with reduced OCD symptom severity, improved cognitive flexibility, and increased salivary BDNF. These preliminary findings warrant replication in larger controlled samples. This study extends previous tDCS research in OCD by integrating clinical outcomes with cognitive performance and a peripheral marker of neuroplasticity. It provides preliminary support for mPFC-targeted tDCS as a potential intervention for OCD.

PMID 42763492
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PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-09-20

Factors and a configurational pathway associated with lower turnover intention among high-level medical professionals in county-level hospitals in China: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Dong Shuxin S, Tai Qiuyuan Q, Yao Yiming Y, Shen Junlong J et al.

This study developed a context-specific framework of perceived conditions related to lower turnover intention among high-level medical professionals in county-level hospitals and examined the configurational pattern associated with a high retention-oriented score. A multicenter cross-sectional study combined three Delphi rounds, psychometric evaluation, and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The Delphi process progressed from 33 items in round 1-37 in round 2 and 34 assessed in round 3, with 33 retained for the survey. From July 2024 to February 2025, online and paper questionnaires were distributed in 10 county-level public hospitals in Jiangsu Province. Of 635 questionnaires distributed, 611 were returned and 579 were valid. The sample was randomly split for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n = 289) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 290). fsQCA used the full sample, a frequency threshold of 10, consistency of 0.85, and proportional reduction in inconsistency (PRI) of 0.70. Thirty experts participated in Delphi round 1 and 29 in rounds 2 and 3 after one expert retired. The final 31 condition items showed high internal consistency (alpha = 0.971), suggesting both reliability and possible redundancy. Parallel analysis in the EFA half-sample suggested two factors, whereas a theory-constrained five-factor solution remained interpretable. In the CFA half-sample, the correlated five-factor model fit was marginal (Satorra-Bentler chi-square = 1350.48, df = 424, CFI = 0.903, TLI = 0.893, RMSEA = 0.087, 90% CI 0.082-0.092, SRMR = 0.042) and was similar to the second-order and bifactor models. No condition met the 0.90 necessity threshold. The corrected truth-table analysis identified one high-score configuration, PD*IES*CIS*OIE (consistency = 0.953; PRI = 0.917; coverage = 0.631). PD and CIS were core present conditions; IES and OIE were peripheral present conditions; IEPS was not included. A single sufficient configuration combined favorable perceptions of personal development, institutional/environmental support, compensation/incentive support, and organizational/interpersonal empowerment. The result does not support multiple substitutable pathways. Because the outcome was a retention-oriented score derived from a turnover-intention measure, the findings concern lower turnover intention rather than directly observed retention. The cross-sectional, individual-level results indicate associations and should not be interpreted causally or at the hospital level.

PMID 42763469
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PubMedBiotechnology letters2026-09-20

Coupling continuous directed evolution with base editors identifies combinatorial antibiotic resistance.

Wang Hong H, Wang Jiamei J, Zhang Di D, Shang Guangdong G

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), mainly caused by the mutation of antibiotic resistance genes, poses a great threat to human health. Clinically, TEM-1 β-lactamase encoding blaTEM-1 gene is the most frequently occurred antibiotic resistance gene. Identification, characterization, and monitor of high antibiotic resistance blaTEM-1 mutants are crucial to AMR research and would provide the guidance for the development of next-generation antibiotics. To this end, we report here the adaption of the continuous directed evolution (CDE) along with base editor (BE) gene editing strategy to discover TEM-1 mutants. Firstly, TEM-1 mutants were identified in single-copy bacterial artificial chromosome vector via BE-mediated CDE. Then each mutant genotype was verified in high copy number pUC plasmid. Finally, combinatorial antibiotic resistance was observed when the TEM-1 phenotypes generated in CDE were combined with that of the reported TEM-1 variants. The Escherichia coli strain harboring the vector cloned with 10 TEM-1 mutations showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1280 μg/mL to antibiotic cefotaxime, which is the highest data reported thus far. The research highlights the application of gene editing methods to provide insight into the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance.

PMID 42763377
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PubMedGenes & diseases2026-09-20

Single-cell sequencing-guided discovery of narciclasine as a dual VCAM-1/ICAM-1 inhibitor for atherosclerosis management.

Wang Yang Y, Cao Zhen Z, Lan Huai H, Li Bo B et al.

Atherosclerosis (AS) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, with current treatments focused primarily on reducing low-density lipoprotein levels while failing to repair damaged endothelial cells, thus highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic drugs. To address this challenge, we analyzed human AS patient single-cell RNA sequencing datasets to identify disease-driving genes and then employed connectivity map analysis to screen for potential therapeutic compounds. Using network pharmacology and machine learning to predict core drug targets, the study validated drug-target interactions through molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and surface plasmon resonance analysis, with experimental validation conducted using endothelial cell damage models and ApoE -/- atherosclerotic mice. The integrative approach successfully identified narciclasine as a promising therapeutic compound that targets vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1/ICAM-1) for AS treatment, with molecular studies confirming strong binding affinity and experimental validation demonstrating significant alleviation of endothelial dysfunction through downregulation of VCAM-1/ICAM-1 expression and reduction of aortic plaque burden in mouse models. This multiplatform methodology combining single-cell sequencing, network pharmacology, machine learning, computational simulation, and experimental validation provides a robust framework for drug discovery while positioning narciclasine as a promising therapeutic candidate warranting clinical investigation for AS treatment.

PMID 42763524
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