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Fraction F (Fraction F / Ateroid / Ateroid 200)

✓ Approved

Gentium · therapeutic agent

What is Fraction F?

Fraction F is a therapeutic agent developed by Gentium. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv) or oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesFraction F, Ateroid, Ateroid 200
CompanyGentium
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV), Oral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Gentium

Therapeutic Indications

Fraction F is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersDementia Alzheimer's type✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBMC medical imaging2026-05-24

Evaluating the grade and IDH mutation status of gliomas by using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI and DSC perfusion MRI.

Tacyildiz Celal C, Aslan Kerim K, İncesu Lütfi L, Yergin Tacyildiz Suna S et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging and DSC perfusion MRI to predict the IDH mutation status of gliomas and differentiate high-grade gliomas (HGG) from low-grade gliomas (LGG). In this retrospective study, IVIM parameters, including perfusion fraction (f), tissue diffusion (D), and pseudodiffusion (D*), were obtained using a double exponential IVIM model in 61 patients with a pathological diagnosis of glioma. Imaging was performed on a 3 Tesla MRI scanner using only four b-values (0, 50, 400, and 800 s/mm²). The diagnostic performance of rCBV, f, D, D*, ADC, and age parameters in distinguishing HGG from LGG and predicting IDH mutation status in gliomas was evaluated using ROC curve analysis, and their diagnostic powers were compared using the DeLong test. rCBV, f, and age were higher in patients with HGG, whereas D and ADC were higher in patients with LGG (p < 0.001). rCBV showed the highest AUC for HGG-LGG differentiation (AUC = 0.983), without statistically significant superiority over f, D, or ADC by DeLong testing. rCBV, f, and age were higher in patients with IDH-wild type (IDH-WT) gliomas, whereas D and ADC values were higher in IDH-mutant type (IDH-MT) gliomas (p < 0.05). D showed the highest observed AUC for predicting IDH mutation status (AUC = 0.894) without statistically significant superiority over rCBV, f, or ADC by DeLong testing. IVIM D obtained from a simplified four-b-value protocol may provide complementary information for predicting IDH mutation status in gliomas. However, these preliminary findings require validation in larger, multicenter cohorts.

PMID 42177397
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PubMedOrganic letters2026-05-24

Amide-Based Polyene Cyclization: Stereoselective Construction of cis- or trans-Octahydrobenzo[f]isoquinolines.

Cao Shi-Qi SQ, Li Run-Ze RZ, Zhang Meng-Na MN, Zhang Si-Han SH et al.

An amide-based polyene cyclization has been developed for the stereoselective synthesis of octahydrobenzo[f]isoquinolines. This reaction employs E-olefins as substrates and features a wide substrate scope, affording products in good yields with high diastereoselectivity. Notably, the stereochemical outcome is precisely controlled by the reaction temperature, representing a novel activation mode in polyene chemistry. Importantly, the synthesized octahydrobenzo[f]isoquinolines exhibit selective agonism for the δ-opioid receptor, providing valuable insights for developing more effective δ-opioid receptor agonists.

PMID 42175965
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PubMedBMC microbiology2026-05-24

Morphogenetic identification and enzymatic determination of local isolate fungi associated with mosquitoes at Assiut Governorate.

Morsy Sina M SM, Abdel-Galil Farouk A FA, Farghal Ahmed I A AIA, Abdel-Nasser Mohamed A MA et al.

Mosquitoes pose a significant threat as vectors for numerous human and animal diseases, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, including Egypt. Given the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases and the documented high densities of Culex pipiens in Assiut Governorate, there is a critical need for environmentally friendly mosquito management strategies. This study aimed to identify the morphogenetic and determine the enzymatic potential of native fungal isolates associated with mosquitoes in Assiut Governorate. Eight distinct fungal species were successfully characterized based on their morphological traits and ITS rDNA sequence data. These species were identified as Alternaria tenuissima, Trichoderma hamatum, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Geotrichum candidum, and four Fusarium species (F. oxysporum, F. solani, F. equiseti, and F. incarnatum). The results of enzymatic screening emphasize that twenty-two fungal isolates belonging to eight species had the biochemical machinery substantial for cuticle degeneration, with various levels of phospholipase, lipase, protease, and chitinase activities. The strongest synergistic enzymatic profiles were notably displayed by P. lilacinum and F. equiseti. The extensive morphological and molecular description and enzymatic detection provide crucial promotion for evaluating the potential of these local fungal isolates for future sustainable insect pest management in the specific ecological context of Assiut Governorate.

PMID 42177413
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PubMedAgeing research reviews2026-05-24

Aging as the Degradation of Conjunctive Coupling: A Triadic Framework S = F × E × N for Biological Senescence.

Farreny Henri H

Despite the landmark identification of twelve hallmarks of aging (López-Otín et al., 2023), geroscience lacks a formal account of why these hallmarks interact and amplify each other, why mono-target interventions show systematically limited efficacy, and what determines the threshold at which compensatory mechanisms fail. A recent extension of the hallmarks framework has further integrated psychosocial and social determinants of aging (López-Otín & Kroemer, 2025; Kroemer et al., 2025), reinforcing the need for an architectural account that can accommodate both molecular and environmental modulators within a single formal structure. The hallmarks framework, in its current form, remains descriptively comprehensive but architecturally silent: it documents what accumulates without specifying why the regulatory system that normally contains these accumulations progressively loses coherence. This article proposes a minimal architectural framework - S = F × E × N - in which F designates the flux of biological signals (genomic, epigenetic, metabolic, intercellular), E the executive and energetic machinery (mitochondrial function, proteostasis, autophagy), and N the normative epigenetic constraint (chromatin architecture, DNA methylation landscape, cell identity program). The × operator denotes conjunctive necessity: stable organized biological state S exists only when F, E, and N are simultaneously coupled and functional. The central contribution is a specific architectural claim: aging is not primarily the degradation of F, E, or N individually, but the progressive erosion of the × operator - the conjunctive coupling that maintains their coherent interaction. Within this framework, N occupies a structurally asymmetric position: as the normative anchor that governs the F→E transaction, N erosion is sufficient to collapse × even when F and E remain intact. This asymmetry - not N-primacy as an independent thesis - explains why Yang et al. (2023) found that epigenetic information loss alone reproduces full aging phenotypes and that OSK-mediated N restoration reverses them. The pathological unit remains ×; N is the component through which × is most vulnerable to disruption and most tractable for therapeutic intervention. Formalized within Partial Information Decomposition theory as the synergistic information I_synergistic(F,E,N), × erosion is in principle computable on multi-omic data using established PID estimators and is directly falsifiable. The framework predicts why hallmarks accelerate each other (conjunctive failure propagates across components), why mono-target interventions fail (restoring one component does not restore the coupling), and why combined N+E interventions should produce superadditive healthspan effects. Three priority testable predictions and a CouplingIndex measurement pipeline are derived.

PMID 42176809
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PubMedBulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology2026-05-24

Economic Drivers of Microcystin Dynamics in Lakes of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China.

Wu Shikai S, Chen Liang L, Xing Yubin Y, Qin Jia J et al.

Microcystins (MCs) threaten aquatic ecosystems and public health. While ecological drivers are well-studied, macroeconomic influences remain poorly understood. We introduced a novel Frequency-Microcystin (F-MC) index, integrating concentration and spatial prevalence, to assess risk in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Correlation analysis identified the secondary industry workforce as the strongest correlate of the F-MC index (Kendall's τ = 0.670, p < 0.01). Stepwise regression further revealed it as the sole dominant predictor, explaining 74.2% of its variance (p < 0.001). In contrast, primary industry indicators and key physicochemical factors showed no significant predictive power. Our findings demonstrate that the industrial workforce is a paramount driver of MC pollution, eclipsing traditional limnological parameters and underscoring the need for macroeconomic regulation in water quality management.

PMID 42177360
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PubMedMethods in enzymology2026-05-24

Bringing CORASON to Windows: Exploring fungal natural products through biosynthetic gene clusters.

Sélem-Mojica Nelly N, Magaña-Lemus Miguel Ángel MÁ, Rosiles-Loeza Pablo Yamild PY, Barona-Gómez Francisco F

Biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) are genomic regions that encode the production of specialized metabolites, including antibiotics, pigments, and toxins. While BGC are traditionally classified into broad categories such as NRPS, PKS, and terpene clusters, these classes often overlook finer relationships among gene clusters that produce structurally or functionally related compounds. Tools like BiG-SCAPE and BiG-SLiCE have been developed to address this issue by organizing BGC into gene cluster families (GCFs). CORASON complements these tools by enabling phylogenetic reconstruction of BGC, identifying conserved core genes, and visualizing GFCs as a continuum of variation in gene presence/absence and sequence identity. Although CORASON is incorporated in BiG-SCAPE visualization, it is also a standalone tool initially designed for bacterial genomes annotated via RAST and implemented through Docker in Linux environments. Here, we demonstrate CORASON's broader applicability using fungal GenBank files and its installation via Conda on Windows. As a case study, we examine metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from Fusarium domesticum, a lesser-known member of the Fusarium genus, which is often present in food-associated microbiomes. Unlike its pathogenic relatives (F. oxysporum, F. graminearum), F. domesticum remains understudied, making it an interesting target for genomic mining. This work expands the accessibility of CORASON for fungal genome analysis and highlights its potential in uncovering novel biosynthetic potential in overlooked microbial taxa.

PMID 42177063
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