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Fraction F (Fraction F / Ateroid / Ateroid 200)

✓ Approved

Gentium · therapeutic agent

What is Fraction F?

Fraction F is a therapeutic agent developed by Gentium. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv) or oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesFraction F, Ateroid, Ateroid 200
CompanyGentium
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV), Oral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Gentium

Therapeutic Indications

Fraction F is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersDementia Alzheimer's type✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)2026-07-25

Temporal changes in fluoride concentrations in salivary compartments after dentifrice use and professional fluoride applications: Findings from a randomized clinical trial.

Paz Evanildo Canuto EC, Rezende Lyzia Vitória Mendes LVM, Franco Yarlla Rayanne Nogueira Dos Anjos YRNDA, Sousa Lucas Lopes Araújo LLA et al.

This study evaluated temporal changes in fluoride concentrations in distinct salivary compartments, supernatant and sediment, up to 12 h after application of fluoridated products with different concentrations and delivery modes. This short-term, parallel, randomized clinical trial included 40 participants allocated into four groups: dentifrice containing 1450 ppm F, dentifrice containing 5000 ppm F, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel, and fluoride varnish. Unstimulated saliva was collected at baseline and at 5, 30, and 60 min, and 4, 8, and 12 h after product application. TISAB-extractable fluoride concentrations were determined in salivary supernatant and sediment and compared using ANOVA, paired t-tests, and ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test. For APF gel and fluoride varnish, no significant differences in measured fluoride concentrations were observed between salivary compartments. In contrast, for the 1450 and 5000 ppm F dentifrices, fluoride concentrations were consistently higher in the sediment at all time points. In the supernatant, treatments differed significantly at 5 and 30 min (p < 0.05), and from 1 to 8 h both dentifrices showed lower fluoride concentrations than APF gel and varnish. In the sediment, fluoride varnish resulted in higher fluoride concentrations than the other treatments (p < 0.05), except at 5 min. fluoride concentrations in saliva varied according to salivary compartment, time after application, and product formulation. The sediment fraction retained higher fluoride concentrations under several experimental conditions, suggesting a role for the particulate phase in salivary fluoride retention. These findings provide new insights into fluoride kinetics and compartmental distribution in saliva, contributing to the understanding of fluoride behavior as a trace element in biological fluids.

PMID 42497512
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PubMedPhysiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy2026-07-25

Evaluating the Discriminative Performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in Identifying Functional Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Fernandes Marcia de Araújo Corcino MAC, Brito Geraldo Eduardo Guedes de GEG, Perdigão Kauane Flechas Arruda KFA, Fernandes Gabriel Cavalcante de Oliveira GCO et al.

To estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia risk, examine the association between reduced functional performance and sarcopenia risk using the SARC-F questionnaire (Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls) and the SARC-CalF tool (SARC-F combined with calf circumference), and evaluate the discriminative ability of these instruments to identify reduced functional performance among community-dwelling older adults living in a small municipality in Northeastern Brazil. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Jacaraú, Paraíba, Brazil, and included 253 older adults. The discriminative ability of SARC-F and SARC-CalF to identify reduced functional performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. All analyses were conducted using R software, version 4.3.1. The SARC-F demonstrated greater discriminative ability for identifying impairments in balance across the evaluated postures. Both the SARC-F and SARC-CalF showed comparable discriminative performance for reduced gait speed and lower-limb muscle strength. In contrast, the SARC-CalF showed superior discriminative ability for identifying low handgrip strength. Both the SARC-F and SARC-CalF demonstrated acceptable discriminative ability for identifying functional impairment, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.60 to 0.80 across the functional domains evaluated.

PMID 42498263
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PubMedBioorganic chemistry2026-07-25

Oxadiazole and hydrazone derivatives of benzimidazothiazine as potential antifungal and anti-tubercular agents.

Pandikatte Nefisath N, Sudhakar Shashiprabha S, Vilas Gowda K B KB, Ramu Ramith R et al.

The current study focuses on the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel oxadiazole and hydrazone derivatives of 4-oxo-4H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine-2-carbohydrazides (5a-f and 6a-f). The compounds were synthesised via a conventional reflux method and characterized using FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C), and LC-MS techniques. Antifungal activity of all compounds was evaluated against Candida albicans using the broth microdilution method, and compounds 6b and 6 f showed greater inhibitory potential than the reference drug, Fluconazole. Biofilm inhibition assay, supported by SEM analysis, showed notable inhibitory effects, particularly for compounds 6b and 6 f, and strong suppression of hyphal development, as analyzed in the filament inhibition assay. In addition, biofilm gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR for the target compounds, demonstrating greater inhibitory effects on gene expression for 6b and 6 f than for Fluconazole. Furthermore, in silico studies identified compounds 6b and 6 f as potential lead candidates due to their multi-target interactions with Candida albicans virulence-associated proteins. The anti-tubercular activity was evaluated on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv strain, ATCC No. 27294), in which the compound 5a from the oxadiazole series exhibited good anti-tubercular activity, and in the hydrazone series, the compound 6b exhibited excellent anti-tubercular activity.

PMID 42497767
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PubMedJournal of environmental sciences (China)2026-07-25

Organic-inorganic amendment efficiently immobilizes soil heavy metals by synergistically regulating physicochemical properties and microbial ecological networks.

Huang Xiaofang X, Qin Lingshi L, Jiang Guolian G, Li Quanzeng Q et al.

The immobilization of heavy metals (HMs) in contaminated karst farmland is crucial for soil remediation and ecological restoration. This study evaluated the effects of lime (CA), organic fertilizer (F), and their combination (F-CA) on the immobilization of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu, alongside associated changes in soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities, in contaminated farmland soil from a lead-zinc mining area. Results from a 60-day field incubation experiment showed that both CA and F-CA markedly reduced the bioavailability of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu. Specifically, CA lowered diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu by 50 %-87.2 %, 97.8 %-98.3 %, 89.4 %-92 %, and 8.7 %-66.5 %, respectively, while F-CA achieved reductions of 77.4 %-92.5 %, 70.6 %-90.6 %, 61.8 %-71.6 %, and 22.5 %-66.9 % (P < 0.05). The immobilization of heavy metals was primarily attributed to increases in soil pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable Ca and Mg. In contrast to CA, which suppressed microbial diversity and enriched potentially pathogenic fungi, the F-CA treatment enhanced bacterial and fungal diversity, promoted a more complex and stable microbial network, enriched beneficial keystone taxa, and enhanced nitrogen, sulfur, and iron cycling processes. Mantel test, random forest, and partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) analyses confirmed that while abiotic fixation contributed to HM immobilization, the total effect exerted by biotic processes was stronger than that of abiotic factors, highlighting the dominant role of microbial regulation. Overall, the F-CA amendment represents an effective strategy for stabilizing HMs in karst agricultural soils by integrating abiotic and microbial pathways to enhance remediation efficiency and soil ecological health, offering mechanistic insights for improving amendment-assisted bioremediation.

PMID 42498346
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PubMedActa psychologica2026-07-25

Home-based rehabilitation for children with spastic cerebral palsy: Implications for motor function and family burden.

Huo Kangxin K, Xue Ting T, Jiang Jingyuan J, Ye Ziyan Z et al.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of home-based, parent-delivered rehabilitation on motor function and family burden among children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and explore the relationship between changes in children's motor function, family burden, and parental negative emotions. A randomized controlled design was adopted. Forty families of children with CP were recruited and randomly assigned, using a random number table, to either the conventional (n = 20) or the family (n = 20) rehabilitation group. Both groups received a 6-month intervention: the conventional group received standard in-hospital rehabilitation administered by clinicians, whereas the family group conducted motor function training at home under professional guidance, with other intervention components identical to those of the conventional group. Monthly assessments were performed in both groups to evaluate family economic burden, caregivers' psychological outcomes, and the gross motor function of the children. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyse data collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, whereas regularized regression was applied to identify predictors of parental emotions. Significant time effects were observed in the family rehabilitation group for the D (F = 27.47, p = 0.00, ηp2 = 0.33) and E (F = 28.09, p = 0.00, ηp2 = 0.33) domains of the Gross Motor Function Measure, as well as for balance function (F = 489.88, p = 0.00, ηp2 = 0.90). Regarding family burden, a significant interaction effect was observed (F = 36.47, p = 0.00, pη2 = 0.39), with the family rehabilitation group showing significantly lower burden scores than the conventional group at month 6 (p = 0.00; 95% CI: [9.04, 12.07]). For depressive symptoms, the interaction effect was significant (F = 3.62, p = 0.03, pη2 = 0.06), and the family rehabilitation group scored significantly lower at month 6 (p = 0.01, 95% CI [-4.76, -0.94]). For anxiety, both group effects (F = 13.13, p = 0.00, pη2 = 0.10) and time effects (F = 104.88, p = 0.00, pη2 = 0.65) were significant. Regularized regression identified changes in family burden as the only stable predictor of parental emotions. Home-based, parent-delivered rehabilitation achieved improvements in gross motor and balance function comparable to those of conventional hospital-based rehabilitation. However, compared with conventional rehabilitation, this model effectively reduced family burden and alleviated negative emotional states, such as depression and anxiety, among parents of children with cerebral palsy.

PMID 42497619
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PubMedBioorganic chemistry2026-07-25

Investigation of novel 4-substituted piperazine-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine N-phenylacetamides as MELK-targeted anticancer agents for breast cancer therapy.

Makwana Shivangi S, Pandey Vivek V, Shah Umang U, Imran Mohd M et al.

The study reports design and synthesis of two series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-N-phenylacetamide derivatives based on 1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl) piperazine (9a-f) and 1-((4-chlorophenyl) (phenyl)methyl) piperazine (10a-f). Compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 19F NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectral analyses. Post-chemical characterization, UALCAN analysis revealed elevated expression of MELK at both RNA and protein level in breast cancer, hence studies were conducted in MCF-7 cells. Of the two derivatives, piperazine-substituted compounds 9a-f (dichlorophenyl) showed better activity than 10a-f (chlorobenzhydryl) in the MTT assay. 9b and 9d exhibited modest IC50 of 13.84 ± 1.02 μM and 13.5 ± 1.29 μM, respectively, compared to routine drug 5-fluorouracil, which showed an IC50 of 17.77 ± 1.59 μM. However, a series 10a-f exhibited good to moderate to average cytotoxicity. Further analysis revealed both 9b and 9d exert an inhibitory effect by causing cell death, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting migratory potential by upregulating E-Cadherin and downregulating the MMP-9. Molecular docking with the MELK protein revealed favorable binding to key active-site residues. Additionally, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations confirmed conformational stability and dynamic behavior stable ligand-protein complex throughout the simulation, further western blotting analysis showed direct action of 9b and 9d on MELK expression with later being more prominent. In silico ADME study predicts that compound 9b demonstrates more favorable pharmacokinetic properties than 9d, including adherence to Lipinski's rule, improved oral absorption, enhanced Caco-2/MDCK permeability, and favorable BBB, skin permeability, and plasma protein binding, suggesting their potential as MELK- targeted leads for anticancer candidates.

PMID 42497764
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