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meningococcal AC/Haemophilus influenzae B type vaccine (Hi Becam / HibACon)

✓ Approved

Chongqing Zhifei Biological · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is meningococcal AC/Haemophilus influenzae B type vaccine?

meningococcal AC/Haemophilus influenzae B type vaccine is a vaccine developed by Chongqing Zhifei Biological. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesHi Becam, HibACon
CompanyChongqing Zhifei Biological
Drug ClassVaccine
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Chongqing Zhifei Biological

Therapeutic Indications

meningococcal AC/Haemophilus influenzae B type vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsMeningococcal bacteraemia✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Defining the Efficacy of Meningococcal B Vaccines Against Gonococcal Acquisition: The Current Landscape.

Seib Kate L KL, Grulich Andrew E AE

Gonorrhoea is a major global sexually transmitted infection, with rising incidence and increasing antimicrobial resistance threatening current control strategies. If untreated, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can lead to severe reproductive health sequelae. Gonorrhoea is also linked to increased HIV acquisition and transmission. There is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent gonorrhoea. However, observational evidence suggests that outer membrane vesicle-based serogroup B meningococcal vaccines, including the four-component meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine, confer partial cross-protection against gonorrhoea. We discuss observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on defining the efficacy of 4CMenB against gonorrhoea. Observational studies from multiple settings have reported an association between receipt of 4CMenB vaccine and reduced gonorrhoea risk, with a meta-analysis estimating a 38% reduction in risk. Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae are closely related bacteria that share numerous antigens, making cross-protection biologically plausible. Based on observational data, 4CMenB immunization programmes have been implemented in two countries with the aim of preventing gonorrhoea. However, three RCTs have recently shown that 4CMenB is not effective in preventing gonorrhoea in gay, bisexual and other men at high risk of acquisition. Several RCTs are ongoing, looking at efficacy in different populations, including women and people at lower risk of acquisition. The different outcomes between the observational studies and RCTs may be due to a range of known and unknown confounding factors, and differences in the populations considered in the different studies. Current evidence from RCTs does not support the use of 4CMenB to prevent gonorrhoea in gay and bisexual men at high risk of acquisition. Results from ongoing RCTs will be critical to determine whether vaccine efficacy varies by population or epidemiological context and to inform future gonorrhoea vaccine policy and development.

PMID 42499182
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PubMedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026-07-25

Haemophilus influenzae tryptophan biosynthesis is required for lung infection.

Asensio-López Javier J, Rapún-Araiz Beatriz B, Euba Begoña B, Domínguez-San Pedro Asier A et al.

Tryptophan plays a key role in regulating human lung homeostasis and immunity through the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signalling pathways. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), altered IDO and AhR activity is observed, potentially favouring infection by pathogens capable of synthesizing their own tryptophan. In this study, we investigated the contribution of tryptophan availability to lung infection by Haemophilus influenzae, a tryptophan synthesizing pathobiont associated with COPD exacerbations. A chemically defined medium with controlled tryptophan levels was developed, and used to determine bacterial (i) metabolite consumption/excretion; (ii) genome-wide differential gene expression and post-transcriptional regulation; (iii) in vivo growth in a murine model of lung infection; and (iv) growth upon tryptophan biosynthesis allosteric inhibition. Under tryptophan-rich conditions, we observed up-regulation of tnaA (encoding a tryptophanase) and tnaB (encoding a tryptophan transporter), accompanied by down-regulation of tryptophan biosynthetic genes. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis combined with the ExcludonFinder computational tool generated an excludon map of the H. influenzae genome, and identified that the 3´-UTR regions of the convergent mtr tryptophan transporter and the sdaCA serine transporter-deaminase genes overlap, suggesting a post-transcriptional regulatory link between tryptophan and serine metabolism. In vivo, dietary modulation of tryptophan availability in a murine model supported effective lung infection as long as the bacterial tryptophan biosynthetic pathway remains functional. This biosynthetic requirement is supported by the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of indole propionic acid, a tryptophan derivative acting as TrpE allosteric inhibitor. These findings demonstrate that H. influenzae's capacity to synthesize tryptophan is required for infection under host-imposed nutrient limitations, and highlight the potential of tryptophan biosynthesis as a target for antibacterial intervention.

PMID 42499541
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PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Potential Use of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Vaccines to Prevent Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection: Epidemiological Considerations.

Gottlieb Sami L SL, Rowley Jane J, Balibrea Nuria N, Caugant Dominique A DA et al.

Clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines in preventing gonorrhoea. We assessed the global epidemiology of gonorrhoea and MenB invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) and reviewed national MenB-OMV vaccination policies to inform potential use of these vaccines. We included country-specific epidemiologic data from 2015 through October 2025. Gonorrhoea prevalence data for general populations of women were extracted from published systematic reviews and case reports taken from well-established reporting systems. Country-specific MenB IMD incidence rates were drawn from published reviews and surveillance reports. National MenB-OMV immunization policies were obtained from published reviews and databases from the World Health Organization and vaccine manufacturers. Forty-two countries had ≥1 gonorrhoea prevalence study. Mean prevalence was <1.0% in 19 (45%) countries, 1.0%-2.49% in 10 (24%), 2.5%-4.99% in 10 (24%) and ≥5% in three (7%), with higher prevalences mostly in the WHO African Region. MenB IMD incidence was reported in 62 countries: 17 (27%), mainly in the WHO African Region, had no cases; 28 (45%) had incidence <0.25/100,000; 14 (23%) had incidence 0.25-0.49/100,000; and only three had incidence ≥0.5/100,000 annually. Only 15 countries had data for both conditions. Case-report data showed gonorrhoea incidence peaking at ages 20-24 and being substantially higher among men who have sex with men (MSM). MenB IMD incidence was highest among children <4 years, with a second peak among 15- to 24-year-olds in some countries. Twenty-one countries incorporated MenB-OMV vaccines into infant immunization programmes and seven into adolescent programmes. One country had a targeted MenB-OMV vaccination programme (MSM at high-risk) for gonorrhoea prevention. Epidemiologic data were lacking in many countries; only a handful had a substantial burden of both gonorrhoea and MenB IMD. Low- and middle-income countries with high gonorrhoea prevalence typically reported no MenB IMD or lacked data, whereas high-income countries with higher MenB IMD incidence and MenB-OMV vaccine use had low gonorrhoea prevalence but high rates in subpopulations like MSM. If trials confirm MenB-OMV vaccine cross-protection against gonorrhoea, global epidemiology can help identify settings and populations for potential vaccine use against gonococcal infection alone, or for both conditions. Improved data collection and cost-effectiveness analyses across both conditions can further inform decision-making.

PMID 42499206
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PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-07-25

Pathogen profiles and co-detection characteristics of acute respiratory infections based on active surveillance in a large district of southern China.

Chen Yixiong Y, Zhang Sheng S, Ma Zhifeng Z, Wang Ziqi Z et al.

The objective of this study is to determine the multipathogen profiles and co-detection characteristics among patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in a large district of southern China. This multicenter study conducted active surveillance of patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) at eight sentinel hospitals in a large district of southern China from August 1, 2024, to December 31, 2025. The study employed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology to screen a series of respiratory specimens for 20 respiratory pathogens. Multi-stage logistic regression models were constructed to assess co-detection associations between pathogens at the individual level. The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age of the 6,199 patients included in the study was 24 [5, 33] years. The detection rate and co-detection rate for any pathogen were 62.5% (3,876/6,199) and 18.5% (1,148/6,199), respectively. The highest viral detection rate (69.1%, 993/1,437) was observed in children under five, and the highest bacterial detection rate (47.6%, 487/1,022) was observed in school-age children. The three most prevalent viral pathogens were identified as rhinovirus (RV), influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The three most prevalent bacterial pathogens were identified as Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) and Group A Streptococcus (GAS). The three most prevalent co-detection pairs were SPN with H. influenzae (3.4%, 210/6,199), RV with H. influenzae (2.8%, 171/6,199), and RV with SPN (2.0%, 125/6,199 cases). The detection rates for RV, SARS-CoV-2 and GAS in outpatients were higher than those in inpatients, while the detection rates for RSV, enterovirus (EV), bocavirus (HBoV) and SPN in inpatients were higher than those in outpatients. Virus-virus pairs, such as IAV combined with RV (OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.11-0.25) and with RSV (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02-0.27) exhibited negative co-detection associations. Furthermore, bacteria-bacteria pairs showed positive co-detection associations, such as the combination of SPN and H. influenzae (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.74-2.57). The characteristics of the pathogens vary depending on the patient's age, the nature of the pneumonia, and the type of medical care sought. Virus-virus pairs showed negative co-detection associations, whereas bacteria-bacteria pairs showed positive co-detection associations.

PMID 42500019
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PubMedImmunological reviews2026-07-25

The Dual Role of Preexisting Immunity in Influenza: Protective Recall Versus Constraint of Novel Responses.

Fox Annette A, Zhu Ziheng Z, Sánchez-Ovando Stephany S

Preexisting immunity to influenza confers rapid protection against antigenically matched viruses but can also constrain responses to drifted variants. This review asks when and why prior infection or vaccination is protective versus detrimental, and which biological mechanisms-epitope masking by circulating antibody, inhibitory FcγRIIb signaling, and competitive dominance by affinity-matured memory B cells-drive these outcomes. We synthesize human cohort, serological, and vaccine-effectiveness data with mechanistic mouse and fate-mapping studies to explore how vaccine formulation, antigen dose, antigenic distance and T cell help modulate the balance between memory recall and recruitment of naïve B cells. Finally, we outline strategies (higher dose, adjuvants, multivalent display, and considered strain selection) to restore de novo responses against escape epitopes and improve vaccine performance.

PMID 42499177
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PubMedFrontiers in public health2026-07-25

Respiratory symptoms, vaccination coverage, and antibiotic use among Hajj pilgrims: a multi-season cross sectional study (2023-2025).

Qashqari Fadi S I FSI

Respiratory tract infections are the most frequently reported illnesses during Hajj, one of the world's largest recurring mass gatherings. The convergence of millions of pilgrims from diverse geographic regions in Makkah, Saudi Arabia creates conditions conducive to the transmission of respiratory pathogens. Understanding patterns of infection, vaccination coverage, and antibiotic use across multiple seasons is essential to inform preventive strategies. A multi-season cross-sectional study was conducted during three consecutive Hajj seasons (2023-2025). Adult pilgrims were recruited and interviewed using a standardized structured questionnaire. Data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, vaccination history (meningococcal, influenza, COVID-19, pneumococcal), comorbidities, smoking behavior, respiratory symptoms, healthcare-seeking behavior, and antibiotic use. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with respiratory symptoms and antibiotic consumption. A total of 712 human participants (adult Hajj pilgrims) were enrolled. Overall, 38.9% reported at least one respiratory symptom at the time of assessment, with cough (28.1%), sore throat (23.5%), and runny nose (21.9%) being most common. Chronic lung disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.36; 95% CI 1.42-3.92), presence of ≥1 chronic condition (aOR 1.58; 95% CI 1.12-2.24), and current smoking (aOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.15-2.63) were independently associated with respiratory symptoms. Influenza vaccination was associated with reduced odds of multi-symptom respiratory illness (aOR 0.72; 95% CI 0.53-0.98). Among symptomatic participants, 29.6% reported antibiotic use, frequently in the absence of febrile illness. Vaccination coverage was high for meningococcal vaccine (96.1%), while pneumococcal vaccination coverage remained lower. Respiratory symptoms remain a substantial health burden among Hajj pilgrims across consecutive seasons. Chronic lung disease and smoking increase susceptibility, while influenza vaccination appears protective. The frequent use of antibiotics highlights the need for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship. Enhanced vaccination uptake, targeted risk communication, and integrated prevention strategies are critical to mitigating respiratory infection risks during mass gatherings and safeguarding global public health.

PMID 42500006
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