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atenolol + bendroflumethiazide (TenBen / Amoretic LD / Amoretic)

✓ Approved

Warner Chilcott PLC · ADRB1 · Small Molecule

What is atenolol + bendroflumethiazide?

atenolol + bendroflumethiazide is a small molecule developed by Warner Chilcott PLC. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesTenBen, Amoretic LD, Amoretic
CompanyWarner Chilcott PLC
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetADRB1, SLC12A3
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Warner Chilcott PLC

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

atenolol + bendroflumethiazide acts on 2 molecular targets:

ADRB1adrenoceptor beta 1 (B1AR, RHR)
SLC12A3solute carrier family 12 member 3 (NCCT, NCC)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

atenolol + bendroflumethiazide is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Vascular disordersHypertension✓ Approved
Renal and urinary disordersRenal failure✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedPharmacology2026-09-15

Comparative analysis of infarct-reducing properties of ß1 -, ß2 -, and ß3 -adrenergicreceptor ligands in ischemia and reperfusion of the heart.

Voronkov NIkita S NS, Maslov Leonid N LN, Naryzhnaya Natalia V NV, Mukhomedzyanov Alexander V AV

In-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock can reach 50%. This is because there are currently no drugs approved for clinical use that can radically reduce infarction size and prevent the development of cardiogenic shock. β- Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) ligands could become such drugs. This article presents a comparative study of the cardioprotective properties of β-AR ligands in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the heart. The study was performed in male Wistar rats. Coronary artery occlusion (CAO, 45 min) and reperfusion (120 min) were carried out in anesthetized animals. Fifteen minutes before CAO the following β-AR ligands were injected intravenously: the selective β 1 -AR antagonist atenolol, β 1 - and β 2 -AR antagonist sotalol, β 1 -, β 2 -, and β 3 -AR antagonist bupranolol, selective β 2 -AR antagonist ICI-118,551, selective β 3 -AR antagonist L- 748,337, and selective β 2 -AR agonist formoterol. It was evaluated the infarct size/area at risk (IS/AAR) ratio. Sotalol, bupranolol, atenolol, ICI-118,551, and L-748,337 decreased heart rate. Formoterol increased heart rate. Atenolol only reduced the IS/AAR ratio. β 1 -AR blockade increases cardiac tolerance to I/R in vivo. β 2 -AR blockade and β 2 - AR stimulation do not affect cardiac resistance to I/R in vivo. β 3 -AR blockade does not affect cardiac resistance to I/R in vivo.

PMID 42743088
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PubMedPharmacological reports : PR2026-09-11

Drugs associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis: assessment of the 1969-2025 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pharmacovigilance database.

Baldini Sara S, Schifano Nicolo' N, Fernando Kiyara K, Coschignano Matteo M et al.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare fibroinflammatory disorder characterized by the development of fibrotic tissue around the abdominal aorta, often leading to ureteral entrapment and renal dysfunction. Several pharmacological agents have been implicated as potential triggers. Despite scattered case reports and limited series, comprehensive quantitative assessments of drug-related RPF signals remain scarce. This study aimed to identify and quantify signals of disproportionate reporting of RPF associated with specific medications using data from a large pharmacovigilance database. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was queried from 1969 to 2025 to identify RPF-related adverse event reports. Drugs associated with more than twenty RPF reports were included in a disproportionality analysis; this threshold was arbitrarily defined to focus on medications with a relatively higher volume of reports. This selection aimed to ensure adequate statistical power and reduce noise from underreported associations. For each, the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), chi-square values, and p-values were calculated. A signal was considered statistically significant when PRR > 2, chi-square > 4, and p < 0.05. The total number of reports in the FAERS database was 30,668,520. A total of 1,013 RPF cases were identified. Of these, 392 (38.7%) were linked to eleven drugs, each associated with more than twenty RPF reports. Methysergide showed the strongest association (ROR: 5332.28; 95% CI: 4292.96-6623.21; PRR: 4604.65; chi-square: 429,546.30; p < 0.0001), followed by pergolide (ROR: 923.85; 95% CI: 686.60-1243.09; PRR: 897.76; chi-square: 40,148.64; p < 0.0001) and bromocriptine (ROR: 311.30; 95% CI: 224.78-431.13; PRR: 308.26; chi-square: 11,201.91; p < 0.0001). Several widely used medications such as bisoprolol, atenolol, and metformin also showed significant, though less pronounced, associations (p < 0.0001). The remaining drugs included etanercept, prednisone, rituximab, propranolol, and cyclophosphamide, all of which exhibited significant levels of disproportionate reporting (p < 0.0001). This pharmacovigilance analysis identified multiple medications, spanning different therapeutic classes, that demonstrated a disproportionate association with reports of RPF. Notably, some drugs with well-established safety profiles also emerged as potential signals, warranting increased clinical awareness. While this analysis reveals pharmacovigilance signals suggestive of drug-induced RPF, the observational nature of FAERS data limits causal inference. These findings underscore the need for further clinical research and mechanistic studies to better understand the etiopathogenic role of these agents in RPF development.

PMID 42726440
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PubMedAnalytical chemistry2026-09-03

An Analyte-Specific LC-IMS-HRMS Framework for Enhanced Identification Confidence in Target Screening of Contaminants in Complex Matrices.

Diamanti Konstantina S KS, Damalas Dimitrios E DE, Gkotsis Georgios O GO, Panagopoulou Eleni I EI et al.

Reliable identification of contaminants in complex matrices remains hampered by low-abundance signals, complex spectra, and coeluting isobars in liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analyses with data-independent acquisitions. Moreover, wide-scope target screening workflows covering hundreds to thousands of known compounds from reference standards analyses often fail to fully exploit the acquired data, leading to false positives and false negatives. Herein, trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) was integrated into LC-HRMS, and an enriched database and an analyte-specific framework were introduced for enhanced identification confidence. The database including 1948 contaminants incorporated all MS and MS/MS qualifier ions together with their CCS values and mobility filtering windows, alongside the principal ion. Specific qualifiers were designated as mandatory for the first time by evaluating their relative intensity compared to the principal ion (≥50%), with the established identification points systems being refined accordingly to increase confidence. Regarding TIMS data, ∼2500 CCS values were determined, exhibiting high repeatability (RSD ≤ 0.70%) and interinstrument reproducibility (|ΔCCS|≤ 2%). Comparison with literature data across different IMS-HRMS platforms showed CCS accuracy within 2% for 89% of the ions. In matrix spiking experiments (raptor's eggs, human urine, wastewater), the cleaner mobility-filtered spectra resulted in improved selectivity for several contaminants' qualifiers, which improved detection at low concentrations, minimizing false negatives. Additionally, both differentiation based on CCS values (e.g., atenolol-practolol) and mandatory detection of predefined qualifiers (e.g., prometryn-terbutryn) decreased false positives. By incorporating the TIMS dimension and mandatory qualifiers as additional identification information, this work provides a robust framework for high-throughput environmental monitoring and human exposure assessment.

PMID 42689556
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PubMedPloS one2026-09-03

Immobilized horseradish peroxidase hybrid biocatalysts for degradation of pharmaceuticals and other emerging micropollutants.

Al-Maqdi Khadega A KA, Morsi Rana R, Zhou Hao H, Abdussaitova Assina A et al.

With the increasing detection of emerging pollutants (EPs), such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and pesticides, in water bodies, there is a growing research priority to develop efficient methods for their degradation. In the present study, the degradation of 21 EPs from different classes was investigated using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) covalently immobilized onto two photocatalytic supports, TiO2 and ZnO. The hybrid biocatalysts (TiO2-HRP and ZnO-HRP) were used to degrade EPs with and without the presence of a redox mediator, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT). The results revealed that not all EPs were equally degraded by HRP enzymes, with some pollutants showing complete, partial, or no degradation. For example, full degradation was achieved for MBT (100%), meloxicam (99.5%) and caffeic acid (98.6%). In contrast, prometryn and MCPA showed only partial degradation, reaching 19.2% and 20%, respectively, and no degradation was observed for fluometuron and atenolol. The addition of the model redox mediator, HOBT, improved the degradation of some pollutants, for example, lincomycin-HCl degradation increased to 36.9%, while trimethoprim degradation improved to 21.5%. Additionally, several pollutants, including roxithromycin, cimetidine, and caffeine, exhibited significantly higher degradation rates when treated with the immobilized HRP enzyme (TiO2-HRP or ZnO-HRP) compared to free HRP. For instance, roxithromycin degradation increased from 0.5% to 58.2% with ZnO-HRP, and for cimetidine, TiO₂-HRP improved degradation from 0.3% to 60.1% without HOBT and from 9.0% to 66.7% with HOBT. Molecular docking with the catalytic heme cofactor retained further suggested that degradation trends were not explained by docking score alone, but were influenced by ligand access to the distal heme pocket, molecular planarity, and contact topology near catalytic residues. Finally, an integrated HRP enzyme and chemical oxidation remediation strategy was applied to degrade two pollutants, trimethoprim and DEET. For trimethoprim, TiO2-HRP combined with H2O2 and UV achieved approximately 30% degradation, while for DEET, both TiO2-HRP + H2O2 + UV and ZnO-HRP + H2O2 + UV resulted in around 40% degradation, thereby highlighting a novel application for these hybrid peroxidase-photocatalysts.

PMID 42685069
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PubMedPediatric cardiology2026-08-25

Recurrent Cardiac Arrest in a Pediatric Patient with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and a Myocardial Bridge: Player or Spectator?

Lodeiro Carlos A CA, Boyd Chelsea C, Menillo Alexandra A, Eilers Lindsay F LF et al.

Myocardial bridge (MB) is common in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and can reduce coronary flow leading to myocardial ischemia, fibrosis, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias resulting in sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). However, MB has not been previously reported as an isolated, modifiable cause of recurrent SCA in pediatric HCM. To describe a case of HCM with recurrent SCA found to have left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery MB, with resolution of recurrent SCA after MB unroofing. A 13-year-old male with HCM had an epicardial implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placed after his first SCA at age 8. Atenolol was started after his second SCA at age 12. After a third SCA he was transitioned to Nadolol and Mexiletine, and underwent transvenous ICD implantation due to delayed shock secondary to under-sensing on epicardial system. He had two additional episodes of SCA, for which he was started on Amiodarone and transferred to our institution for transplant evaluation in the setting of biventricular systolic dysfunction. During transplant evaluation, exercise stress test suggested the presence of ischemia. Cardiac catheterization revealed a 6 cm proximal LAD MB, with near occlusion during systole (Figure 1). He underwent LAD unroofing and remained asymptomatic at baseline activity level with no further episodes of SCA during the subsequent follow-up. MB can cause significant compression leading to compromised coronary flow and myocardial ischemia distinct from the intrinsic underlying cardiomyopathy in HCM. Modifiable causes should be considered in cases of recurrent SCA, as treatment may alter prognostic implications.

PMID 42640473
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PubMedAnalytical methods : advancing methods and applications2026-08-20

Analysis of real water samples with AQbD microextraction using thymol-based NADES: implications of uncontrolled hypertension risk in Egypt.

Elbalkiny Heba T HT, Nasry Elsaiad E, Nayer Marina M, Ahmed Sohaila S et al.

The global burden of hypertension and its severe form, resistant hypertension, affecting up to 20% of 1.4 billion adults worldwide, drives mass consumption of multiple drugs. Consequently, antihypertensive agents from different classes enter aquatic environments, yet simultaneous extraction of such chemically diverse drugs remains challenging. This work developed a green analytical method for the simultaneous determination of three model antihypertensive agents from distinct classes, namely, furosemide, atenolol, and lisinopril, in water samples. The method employed dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction using a thymol-based natural deep eutectic solvent selected for its superior hydrophobicity and tunability across varying analyte polarities and acid-base characteristics. Extraction was optimized via Box-Behnken design, followed by HPLC-UV analysis on a phenyl column with gradient elution (detection at 220 nm). The validated method showed good linearity (furosemide: 2-100 µg L-1, lisinopril: 5-100 µg L-1, and atenolol: 0.1-50 µg L-1) with LODs of 0.18, 0.66, and 0.031 µg L-1, respectively. The practical applicability of the developed method was evaluated by analyzing real water samples collected from multiple sites across Egypt. The results revealed detectable concentrations of the target pharmaceuticals in several samples, confirming the presence of these contaminants in Egyptian water systems. Specifically, furosemide was detected at 4.72 µg L-1, atenolol at 0.43 µg L-1, and lisinopril at 7.21 µg L-1 in samples collected from Giza. A comprehensive greenness assessment using the GAPI, AGREE, BAGI, and EVG tools confirmed strong alignment with sustainable chemistry principles. By enabling multi-class extraction of antihypertensive drugs with a low-ecological-footprint NADES-based protocol, this method addresses a critical gap as no prior NADES-based method exists for these three therapeutic classes together, supporting environmental monitoring and clean water objectives.

PMID 42621670
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