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polio vaccine

✓ Approved

Sanofi S.A · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is polio vaccine?

polio vaccine is a vaccine developed by Sanofi S.A. It is approved for therapeutic indications via unknown.

Drug Profile

CompanySanofi S.A
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
RouteUnknown
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Sanofi S.A

Therapeutic Indications

polio vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresPolio immunisation✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedThrombosis research2026-07-25

Cytochalasins modulate donor responsiveness in functional assays for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

Li Minghai M, Yasumoto Atsushi A, Usami Takayuki T, Hatase Masanao M et al.

Functional assays are essential for confirming platelet-activating anti-PF4/heparin antibodies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), yet their performance is limited by procedural complexity and donor variability. The actin cytoskeleton regulates platelet activation, but its role in donor responsiveness during functional assays remains unclear. To investigate donor responsiveness to anti-PF4/heparin antibodies and examine whether cytochalasin B (CB) influences platelet activation responses in HIT functional assays. Functional assays using light transmission aggregometry and flow cytometry were performed using washed platelets from healthy donors. The effects of cytochalasins on platelet activation were evaluated, and FcγRIIA-, GPVI-, and CLEC-2-mediated activation pathways were compared. Low concentrations of cytochalasins (1-2 μg/mL) significantly shortened lag time to platelet aggregation without altering maximal aggregation. High concentrations (≥10 μg/mL) prolonged lag time or inhibited aggregation. CB increased platelet responsiveness among low-responder donors and increased the number of donors classified as high responders to weakly positive HIT serum. Among the platelet activation pathways examined, significant lag time shortening following CB treatment was observed in FcγRIIA-mediated activation, whereas GPVI- and CLEC-2-mediated activation did not. Low-dose cytochalasins shortened lag time during FcγRIIA-mediated platelet activation and increased the number of responsive donors in functional assays. These findings provide insight into donor-dependent variability and may help improve the performance of functional assays for HIT.

PMID 42497803
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PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Behavioural and Structural Determinants of Mpox Vaccine Awareness and Uptake Among People With HIV in the Dominican Republic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Paulino-Ramirez Robert R, Matias Wilfredo R WR, Chaumette Alexandre A, Lora-Rodríguez Hector H et al.

Mpox disproportionately affects people with HIV (PWH), yet little is known about mpox vaccine awareness and uptake in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated mpox-related knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among PWH in the Dominican Republic to identify determinants of vaccine awareness and uptake. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of 98 PWH recruited through HIV clinics, community-based organizations and social networks (January-May 2025). The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, mpox-related KAP, structural barriers and vaccination status. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine factors associated with mpox vaccine awareness. Half of the participants (49/98) were aware of the mpox vaccine. Individuals aged 31-40 years had significantly lower odds of awareness compared with those aged 21-30 years. Despite high levels of formal education, 79% rated their mpox knowledge as low, and most perceived minimal personal risk. Among participants aware of the vaccine, 71% had been vaccinated. Structural barriers, including inconvenient site locations and logistical challenges, were frequently reported, even among vaccinated individuals, indicating that access limitations rather than hesitancy were the dominant constraints. Trust in vaccinating organizations was high overall, and healthcare providers and community organizations were the primary sources of vaccine information. Peer and community influence emerged as notable facilitators of uptake, while lack of reliable information and concerns about vaccine safety contributed to hesitancy. Mpox vaccine awareness among PWH in the Dominican Republic was low, but willingness to vaccinate was high when individuals were informed and able to access services. Strengthening mpox preparedness will require expanding accessible vaccination sites, improving disease-specific health literacy, and leveraging trusted community and clinical networks. Integrating mpox vaccination into routine HIV care delivery and enhancing community-led outreach may substantially improve uptake in this and similar low-middle income countries (LMIC) settings.

PMID 42499164
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PubMedPneumonia (Nathan Qld.)2026-07-25

Pneumococcal pneumonia in adults - re-emergence of vaccine serotypes: a prospective multicenter cohort study in Germany, 2020-2023.

Bahrs Christina C, Rose Norman N, Barten-Neiner Grit G, Fleischmann-Struzek Carolin C et al.

The main burden of non-invasive pneumococcal diseases in adults is largely due to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study aimed to investigate the distribution and dynamics of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes and to determine the proportion of CAP cases attributable to serotypes covered by 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13), the 20-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV20), and the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) among adults in Germany from 2020 to 2023. In this prospective multicenter cohort study, we analyzed all adult patients with CAP enrolled between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2023, at 26 centers in Germany who provided urine samples for serotype-specific urine antigen detection (SSUAD) testing. Annual trends of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes from 2020 to 2023 were calculated for all patients and patient groups at risk using cluster-robust generalized linear models with heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors. Of the 2,028 patients with all-cause CAP, 1,504 (1,008 patients aged ≥ 60 years, 373 younger patients with at least one comorbidity) had urine samples analyzed with SSUAD tests. Overall proportion of vaccine-type pneumococcal pneumonia among all-cause CAP for PCV13, PCV20, and PPV23 serotypes was 5.41% (95% CI 4.12-7.06%), 8.11% (95% CI 6.35-10.31%), and 8.31% (95% CI 6.27-10.93%), and serotype 3 was the most prevalent serotype (52 cases). Among patients aged ≥ 60 years, an increasing annual trend was observed for serotype 3 (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.01-2.67), PCV13 (OR 1.89, 95% CI 0.89-2.89), PCV20 (OR 1.57, 95% CI 0.99-2.14), and PPV23 serotypes (OR 1.47, 1.04-1.91). The findings demonstrate that vaccine serotypes, particularly serotype 3, continued to circulate and reemerged among older adults with CAP in Germany.

PMID 42498972
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PubMedRadiology case reports2026-07-25

Anti leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody-positive limbic encephalitis with evolving basal ganglia T1WI hyperintensity: A case report.

Noha Ryoko R, Yogi Akira A, Namihira Yukihiro Y, Kanazawa Mitsuyoshi M et al.

Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (anti-LGI1-AE) is a neuronal, surface antibody-mediated type of encephalitis characterized by medial temporal lobe hypertrophy and hyperintensity on T2-weighted images (WI). T1-weighted images (T1WI) can reveal basal ganglia hyperintensity, particularly when patients have faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS). This signal change on T1WI is generally considered to correlate with FBDS. Here, we describe a female patient with FBDS and basal ganglia T1WI hyperintensity in whom imaging abnormalities did not reflect FBDS severity. Although a single observation cannot establish causality, this dissociation raises the possibility that factors other than FBDS activity contribute to altered T1WI signals and that such findings might not always reflect disease activity. Clinicians should be aware that such T1WI changes do not need to parallel FBDS to avoid overinterpreting them as clinical course markers. Further studies are required to clarify these underlying mechanisms.

PMID 42500496
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PubMedHospital pharmacy2026-07-25

Distribution and Characteristics of Vaccine Adverse Events: Analysis of Over 2 Million Individual Case Safety Reports.

Castellana Eleonora E, Chiappetta Maria Rachele MR

To describe the distribution and characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) using a large US pharmacovigilance database. A retrospective descriptive analysis of Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) from the FDA AEMS database (January 2017-March 2026) was conducted. Reports were analyzed by vaccine type, adverse event terms, demographics, reporting year, and reporter category. A total of 2 169 603 ICSRs were identified, with 44.0% classified as serious. COVID-19 vaccines accounted for 78.4% of reports, reflecting mass vaccination campaigns. The most frequently reported events were headache (12.8%), pyrexia (11.8%), and fatigue (11.1%), predominantly non-serious and consistent with known reactogenicity profiles. Reporting peaked in 2021 (48.8%). Females accounted for 60.6% of reports. Non-COVID vaccines contributed substantially fewer reports. Most vaccine-associated adverse events were mild and expected. Findings support a favorable benefit-risk profile and highlight the importance of continuous pharmacovigilance systems for vaccine safety monitoring.

PMID 42500260
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PubMedReviews in medical virology2026-07-25

Hantavirus: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Virology, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnostics, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.

Kamran Muhammad M, Habib Muhammad Bilal MB, Shahid Adeel A, Ahmar Muhammad Ans MA

Hantaviruses are a genus of negative-sense, single-stranded, tri-segmented RNA viruses that are distributed worldwide. They cause two severe zoonotic diseases in humans: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Hantaviruses are primarily spread by inhaling aerosolised excreta from infected rodent reservoirs. Over 50 rodent species on six continents have been found to carry hantaviruses, with only one reported case of human-to-human transmission, involving the Andes virus (ANDV) in South America. HFRS is estimated to cause 100,000-150,000 cases worldwide annually, mainly in Asia and Europe. HPS/HCPS is far less common, with case fatality rates of 25%-40%, predominantly in the Americas. The pathogenesis of hantaviral disease is characterised by viral infection of endothelial cells, dysregulation of vascular permeability, and dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to cytokine storm physiology. Diagnosis relies on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based serology and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Strain characterisation and outbreak investigations are increasingly being performed using next-generation sequencing. No hantavirus species has a licenced vaccine outside of HTNV and SEOV, for which inactivated rodent-brain-derived vaccines remain in limited regional use in Korea and China. Regulatory-agency-approved antiviral therapy is similarly lacking worldwide, and management remains largely supportive. Ribavirin has shown benefit in reducing mortality and renal morbidity in HFRS when initiated early, but has not demonstrated efficacy in HPS/HCPS in controlled trials. Recent advancements include the development of monoclonal antibodies, candidate mRNA and subunit vaccines, and an improved understanding of the mechanisms of immune evasion. This review synthesises the latest information on hantavirus biology, clinical medicine and public health. This highlights the critical gaps that must be addressed to counter the growing threat posed by this pathogen in an era of climate change and global ecological transformation.

PMID 42499279
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