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glycopyrronium bromide (Sialanar)

✓ Approved

Proveca · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is glycopyrronium bromide?

glycopyrronium bromide is a small molecule developed by Proveca. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesSialanar
CompanyProveca
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Proveca

Therapeutic Indications

glycopyrronium bromide is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Gastrointestinal disordersSalivary hypersecretion✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedChemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry2026-07-25

Electroluminescent Diodes Based on Manganese(II) Organic/Metallic Composite Emissive Layer: A Gas-Phase Vacuum Evaporation Approach.

Chen Shaofeng S, Wang Linzhong L, Ling Wei W, Su Shi-Jian SJ et al.

Manganese(II)-based materials are promising for photonic applications due to their low cost, low toxicity, and color-tunable emission via crystal field engineering, making them suitable for uses ranging from anticounterfeiting and X-ray imaging to next-generation displays. However, Mn(II)-based electroluminescent devices typically require the preparation of powders or crystals via solution synthesis or high-temperature solid-state methods, followed by secondary processing using solution or vacuum deposition. Herein, we report a "deposition-as-synthesis" strategy that enables the direct fabrication of Mn(II)-based organometallic composite electroluminescent diodes. A red-emitting composite is readily prepared through the vacuum codeposition of 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene (TPBI) and manganese(II) bromide (MnBr2). Spectroscopic analysis reveals that the TPBI matrix interacts with MnBr2 to establish an energy-transfer pathway from organic triplet states to Mn(II) ions, thereby sensitizing the characteristic Mn(II) emission. Through device structure optimization to minimize the injection barrier, we achieved a reduced driving voltage of 3.65 V and a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1.8%, with characteristic Mn(II) emission peaking at 622 nm and CIE coordinates of (0.59, 0.41). This work demonstrates the potential of the gas-phase vacuum evaporation approach (GPVEA) for preparing efficient Mn(II)-based materials and electroluminescent devices.

PMID 42498526
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PubMedOncology research2026-07-25

Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate PD-L1 to Promote Migration and Proliferation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells.

Ho Ching-Chun CC, Chen Yen-Cheng YC, Lean Wei-Liang WL, Wu Wen-Sheng WS

Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), as well as protein kinase B (AKT), are potential therapeutic targets for TNBC. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is implicated in TNBC progression and is associated with AKT and ERK signaling pathways. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) act upstream of MAPK/AKT and PD-L1. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of PD-L1 in TNBC progression and to delineate the underlying signaling mechanisms. Methods: Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Transwell migration and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were used to assess cell migration and proliferation, respectively. Results: The ERK inhibitor (PD98059) suppressed MDA-MB-231 cell migration but not proliferation, whereas PD-L1 siRNA and the ROS scavenger dithiothreitol (DTT) reduced both cell migration and proliferation. However, PD-L1 siRNA and DTT did not reduce the activities of ERK, JNK, or AKT. Whereas PD98059 and DTT suppressed PD-L1 protein expression, PD-L1 mRNA expression could be reduced by DTT only. Taken together, ROS and ERK may activate different pathways to regulate PD-L1 expression and MDA-MB-231 cell progression. Consistently, DTT combined with PD98059 additively inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell migration. Similar observations were noted in another TNBC cell line, Hs578T, which exhibits motility, but not in MDA-MB-453 cells, which lack motility. Conclusion: Since PD-L1 appears to function downstream of ERK and ROS and is required for TNBC progression, co-targeting both ERK and ROS signaling pathways may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC.

PMID 42500585
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PubMedAdvances in respiratory medicine2026-07-24

Utilization Patterns of Nebulized Glycopyrronium in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Exacerbations of Obstructive Airway Disease (AEOAD)-Indian Expert Perspectives.

Khanna Arjun A, Waghray Pradyut P, Singh Ashok Kr AK, Mehta Jinay J et al.

Background: Acute exacerbation of obstructive airway disease (AEOAD) is a major cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and premature mortality in India. Hospitalized patients for the same are predominantly treated with short-acting bronchodilators, which require frequent administration and are associated with systemic adverse effects. Despite the availability of nebulized long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) with quick onset of action, such as glycopyrronium, their role in acute care remains unclear in India. Methods: A pan-India expert opinion-building initiative was conducted among 220 pulmonologists across Tier I-II cities through 13 structured advisory meetings between April 2025 and July 2025. The final expert perspectives were then categorized into recurrent insights, raised in 75% or more meetings, and variable insights, raised in <75% of all meetings. Results: Experts reported that AEOAD management commonly involved initial stabilization with SABA/SAMA followed by transition to triple therapy with nebulized glycopyrronium, formoterol, and budesonide. Nebulized glycopyrronium was perceived to provide rapid and sustained bronchodilation with fewer cardiovascular side effects compared to short-acting agents. Benefits were reported in patients with frequent exacerbations, high sputum burden, and bronchiectasis. Operational advantages included reduced dosing frequency and nursing workload. Experts also noted potential improvements in hospital stay and readmissions; however, these observations were based on clinical experience rather than controlled data. Conclusions: Indian pulmonologists agreed that early initiation of nebulized glycopyrronium (with formoterol and budesonide) in hospitalized AEOAD may improve symptom control, lower exacerbation burden, reduce reliance on short-acting bronchodilators and corticosteroids, and shorten hospital stays.

PMID 42496252
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PubMedScientific reports2026-07-24

Dopant-dependent structure-property relationships in functionalized graphene and MWCNTs for sustainable energy applications.

Al-Gamal Abdalrahman G AG, Gado Walaa S WS, Abo El-Khair Muhammad A MA, Morshedy Asmaa S AS et al.

This study investigates the functionalization of carbon-based materials with halogen atoms (fluorine, bromine) and an alkali metal (lithium), subsequently examining the comparative impact of these modifications on their structural, optical, and electrical characteristics. Graphene oxide was modified with fluorine using hydrofluoric acid to produce fluorinated graphene (FG) and with bromide in the form of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) to produce G-TBAB. Separately, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized with lithium fluoride to form Li-MWCNTs. The materials were characterized via FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, and XPS. Optical properties were evaluated using UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrical behavior was assessed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The findings demonstrate that among the three materials, FG exhibits the lowest charge transfer resistance (RCT = 2.54 Ω.cm-2) and film resistance (Rf = 1.19 Ω.cm-2) in EIS measurements, suggesting more efficient charge transport under the tested conditions. G-TBAB and Li-MWCNTs show distinct EIS parameters, including higher capacitance values RCT 12.91 Ω.cm-2 and 17.73 Ω.cm-2, which may be relevant for applications where charge accumulation is prioritized. These results indicate that hetero-functionalization of carbon allotropes provides a tunable platform, with each modification (F, Br, or Li) imparting distinct electrical and optical behavior.

PMID 42493520
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PubMedActa crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry2026-07-24

Crystal structure and optical properties of a two-dimensional lead(II) chloride porous metal halide semiconductor.

Azmy Ali A, Spanopoulos Ioannis I

A new member of the recently developed family of porous metal halide semiconductors (PMHS) is reported. Crystals of bis(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazoniabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane) tetradecachloridopentaplumbate(II), {(C18H38N2O6)2[Pb5Cl14]}n or (DHS)2Pb5Cl14 (DHS is the double-protonated [2.2.2]cryptand) were obtained via solution chemistry protocols, with concentrated HCl as the reaction solvent. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a two-dimensional inorganic framework, crystallizing in the hexagonal space group P63/m with Z' = 1/6, separated and charge-balanced by double-protonated DHS organic cations. The corresponding material is isostructural with the previously reported water-stable (DHS)2Pb5Br14 and both feature broad light emission at room temperature. The lead chloride layer is disordered and was modeled as two components with partial occupancies of 0.585 and 0.415. (DHS)2Pb5Cl14 decomposes when placed in water, giving rise to PbCl2 as a degradation product. We attribute the sharp difference in water stability between the bromide and chloride analogs to differences in hydration energy and halide ionic radius, which affect their affinity for water molecules through hydrogen bonding.

PMID 42496642
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PubMedWater research2026-07-24

The overlooked risk of activated peroxymonosulfate: Significant free chlorine and volatile disinfection byproduct formation.

Zhang Renyuan R, Xu Wenjun W, An Zishi Z, He Genye G et al.

Peroxymonosulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PMS-AOPs) have been widely studied for water treatment, but in chloride-containing matrices, they may unintentionally produce free chlorine during PMS activation. This study directly quantified the unintended Cl2 generation from chloride during PMS activation by Co2+, Fe2+, and UV, using membrane introduction mass spectrometry. The Co2+/PMS system exhibited the most pronounced free chlorine production (k = 0.25 ± 0.02 M-1·s-1), nearly two orders of magnitude higher than non-catalytic PMS (k = (3.88 ± 0.33) ×10-3 M-1·s-1). Chlorinated DBPs were formed in the presence of organic precursors in the Co2+/PMS/Cl- system, and their brominated analogues were generated when bromide was present. Radical quenching results were consistent with sulfate radical initiated chloride oxidation, while transient chlorine radical and hydroxyl radical intermediates cannot be ruled out. Crucially, under simulated realistic water treatment conditions, Co2+/PMS generated volatile DBPs similar in magnitude to those from conventional chlorination. The study suggests that, under the tested Co2+/PMS conditions, even near-background Cl- (0.1-5 mM) can produce substantial chlorinated volatile DBPs, especially under activation/acidic conditions.

PMID 42492216
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