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naloxone HCl (REZENOPY)

✓ Approved

Scienture Inc. · OPRM1

What is naloxone HCl?

naloxone HCl is a therapeutic agent developed by Scienture Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via inhaled.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesREZENOPY
CompanyScienture Inc.
Molecular TargetOPRM1
RouteInhaled
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Scienture Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

naloxone HCl acts on 1 molecular target:

OPRM1opioid receptor mu 1 (MOR1, LMOR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

naloxone HCl is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsToxicity to various agents✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2026-07-25

Correlates of Rural Naloxone Possession Among People Who Use Drugs: A Multi-State Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Moore P Quincy PQ, Mixson L Sarah LS, Bolinski Rebecca R, Colston David C DC et al.

Naloxone administration by laypersons is proven to reduce opioid overdose mortality. Despite legislative advances, people who use drugs (PWUD) in rural settings face unique barriers to naloxone possession. This study aims to examine naloxone possession and identify its correlates among a large, geographically diverse sample of people who either use opioids or inject drugs in rural areas. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using Rural Opioid Initiative (ROI) data from rural counties of ten US states. Study sites administered a harmonized survey instrument of 3048 PWUD recruited from January 2018 to March 2020. The primary outcome was current naloxone possession. Potential correlates were identified through review of the literature. Data were collected on demographics, drug use behaviors, overdose experiences, access to care, and addiction treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate associations, and multivariable prevalence ratios. Among 3008 participants included in the analysis, 36.4% reported possessing naloxone. Naloxone possession was associated with younger age, illegal income sources, past 30-day opioid use, personal history of overdose, witnessing an overdose, knowing someone who died from an overdose, current injection drug use, and receiving syringes from syringe service programs (SSPs). No association was found between access to care and naloxone possession. Only 36% of high-risk rural PWUD possessed naloxone. Factors such as injection drug use, overdose history, and SSP access increased the likelihood of naloxone possession. These findings highlight the need for targeted naloxone distribution strategies in rural areas, considering the unique barriers faced by rural PWUD.

PMID 42499285
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PubMedDrug and alcohol dependence2026-07-25

Factors associated with willingness to use a public health vending machine in a tribal community in the southern plains.

Allen Sean T ST, O'Rourke Allison A, Schneider Kristin E KE, Reid Molly C MC et al.

Few Tribal Nations in the United States (US) have implemented public health vending machines (PHVMs) to meet the infectious disease and overdose prevention needs of people who use drugs (PWUD). Better understanding willingness to use PHVMs on American Indian reservations may inform PHVM implementation. This study used cross-sectional data from a sample of PWUD (N = 209) recruited on a rural sector of an American Indian reservation in the Southern Plains of the US to explore factors associated with hypothetical willingness to use a PHVM. Most of our sample were men (57.4%), identified as heterosexual (90.4%), and self-identified as American Indian (53.6%). Over half (60.8%) reported recent methamphetamine use and a third (33.0%) reported recent opioid use. Two-thirds (64.6%) reported being willing to use a PHVM to obtain free sterile injection equipment and naloxone if it were available. Being employed and having recently witnessed an overdose were independently associated with willingness to use a PHVM [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.94, 95%CI = 1.402-6.166 and aOR = 3.068, 95%CI = 1.458-6.455, respectively]. Drug use stigma was associated with willingness to use a PHVM (aOR = 1.056, 95%CI = 1.008-1.108). Identifying as American Indian was associated with lower odds of willingness to use a PHVM (aOR = 0.519, 95%CI = 0.271-0.995). The proportion of reported family members who used drugs was inversely associated with willingness to use a PHVM (aOR = 0.764, 95%CI = 0.589-0.989). Future work should explore PHVM implementation across diverse American Indian cultures.

PMID 42497692
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PubMedJournal of environmental sciences (China)2026-07-25

Humidity-dependent viscosity and hygroscopicity after aging with SO2 of biomass burning single nanoparticle.

Yang Bo B, Xie Zhibo Z, Gui Huaqiao H, Zhang Douguo D et al.

Although understanding the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles is essential to studying their impact on climate and health, information on the viscosity of nanoparticles composed of organic and inorganic salts, as well as the aging process with soluble polluting gases is still rare. In this work, based on a high contrast imaging device enabled by the photonic chip, we measured the hygroscopic growth factors (GFs) of nanoparticles of KCl and glucose mixed in different organic and inorganic dry mass ratios (OIRs). In addition, we also proposed a viscosity retrieval method to quantify the viscosity of the nanoparticles at different relative humidities (RHs) according to the Arrhenius mixing rule and Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson approach. Moreover, the retrieval viscosities after deliquescence are almost in perfect agreement with the predicted curves from the Aerosol Inorganic-Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficients Viscosity model. Furthermore, the hygroscopic GFs of the components other than glucose in the aged mixed-component particles after deliquescence is slightly higher than that of the aged single component KCl. This might be due to the viscosity of the organic components cause a delay in the volatilization of HCl gas and the formation of K2SO4. For instance, the calculated GFs for the aged mixtures with OIRs of 1:3,1:1 and 3:1 are 1.61, 1.62 and 1.66 at 90 % RH, respectively, while the GF of the aged single component KCl is about 1.60. These results are expected to provide theoretical reference for the future field observation of the various physicochemical property of ambient aerosol samples.

PMID 42498383
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PubMedBrazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2026-07-24

Upstream endotoxin removal in recombinant protein purification: an optimised pre-cell disruption strategy for reducing endotoxin contamination of inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli.

Hadadian Shahin S, Sepahi Mina M, Abbasi Mohaddeseh Sheikh MS, Komijani Samira S

Endotoxin contamination remains a critical challenge in recombinant protein production using Gram-negative bacteria, particularly for intracellularly expressed, positively charged proteins prone to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding. This study introduces an efficient upstream strategy for LPS removal before the cell disruption, aimed at reducing the endotoxin contamination load in the downstream purification process. A recombinant cationic protein (named as 4mer-S3-DP) was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3), and biomass was treated with varying concentrations and incubation times of Tris-HCl and EDTA, as defined by a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). Endotoxin levels in inclusion bodies (IBs) were quantified using a chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay, and statistical modelling was performed to optimize treatment conditions. The final quadratic model demonstrated high predictive accuracy, and response surface analysis revealed that both insufficient and excessive treatment conditions could increase endotoxin contamination. Optimal conditions, consisting of 70 mM Tris-HCl for 30 min and 60 mM EDTA for 5 min, achieved a 2.7-log reduction in endotoxin levels (99.8%) without compromising protein integrity, as confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. Experimental validation of the optimum criteria predicted by this model showed no significant difference between predicted and observed endotoxin levels of IBs. This upstream intervention as a simple and effective endotoxin removal approach before the cell lysis could be adaptable to other recombinant proteins expressed in Gram-negative bacterial.

PMID 42493718
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PubMedActa crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry2026-07-24

Crystal structure and optical properties of a two-dimensional lead(II) chloride porous metal halide semiconductor.

Azmy Ali A, Spanopoulos Ioannis I

A new member of the recently developed family of porous metal halide semiconductors (PMHS) is reported. Crystals of bis(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazoniabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane) tetradecachloridopentaplumbate(II), {(C18H38N2O6)2[Pb5Cl14]}n or (DHS)2Pb5Cl14 (DHS is the double-protonated [2.2.2]cryptand) were obtained via solution chemistry protocols, with concentrated HCl as the reaction solvent. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a two-dimensional inorganic framework, crystallizing in the hexagonal space group P63/m with Z' = 1/6, separated and charge-balanced by double-protonated DHS organic cations. The corresponding material is isostructural with the previously reported water-stable (DHS)2Pb5Br14 and both feature broad light emission at room temperature. The lead chloride layer is disordered and was modeled as two components with partial occupancies of 0.585 and 0.415. (DHS)2Pb5Cl14 decomposes when placed in water, giving rise to PbCl2 as a degradation product. We attribute the sharp difference in water stability between the bromide and chloride analogs to differences in hydration energy and halide ionic radius, which affect their affinity for water molecules through hydrogen bonding.

PMID 42496642
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PubMedDrug and alcohol dependence2026-07-23

Corrigendum to "A pilot randomized feasibility clinical trial of intranasal vs. intravenous naloxone in pediatric opioid poisoning" [Drug Alcohol Depend. 286 (2026) 113259].

Gholami Narges N, Skulberg Arne Kristian AK, Farnaghi Fariba F, Zamani Nasim N et al.

PMID 42486747
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