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sumatriptan (Alsuma autoinjector / sumatriptan, King / Alsuma)

✓ Approved

US WorldMeds, LLC · HTR1D · Small Molecule

What is sumatriptan?

sumatriptan is a small molecule developed by US WorldMeds, LLC. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesAlsuma autoinjector, sumatriptan, King, Alsuma
CompanyUS WorldMeds, LLC
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetHTR1D
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, US WorldMeds, LLC

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

sumatriptan acts on 1 molecular target:

HTR1D5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (HTR1DA, HT1DA)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

sumatriptan is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersMigraine✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedHeadache2026-09-05

Visual, vestibular, and ocular motor changes during nitroglycerin-triggered vestibular migraine.

Villar-Martinez Maria Dolores MD, Puledda Francesca F, Domingos-Belo Caroline C, Bronstein Adolfo M AM et al.

Intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG) is a well-established model for provoking migraine attacks, but it has not previously been used to characterize vestibular migraine (VM). Different types of nystagmus have been reported during spontaneous VM attacks. We aimed to measure changes in nystagmus during NTG-induced migraine in participants with VM. We studied 20 participants with definite VM (Barany-International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition criteria) undergoing NTG provocation in a prospective, within-subject repeated-measures pharmacological provocation study under three conditions at the National Institute for Health and Care Research King's Clinical Research Facility, London, between November 2024 to December 2025. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 32 (29 to 38) years, and 16/20 were female. 3D video-oculography was used to quantify total slow-phase velocity (SPV) (°/s) of nystagmus without fixation in the center, left, right, up, and down positions. Recordings were repeated before NTG, after NTG, and after subcutaneous sumatriptan. Subjective vestibular symptoms and headache intensity were quantified with an ordinal numeric scale. Longitudinal changes in SPV were analyzed. All the participants developed headache, with median peak severity 6/10 (IQR 4 to 7). Vestibular symptoms were triggered in 14/20 participants following NTG, with a median maximum intensity of 2.5 (IQR 0 to 4). Median (IQR) summed SPV (°/s) was 2 (1 to 3.25) at baseline, 1.5 (0 to 4.75) following NTG, and 1 (0 to 2.75) after sumatriptan. In Tweedie generalized linear mixed-effects models, no significant group-level effect of condition on total SPV was detected. Estimated marginal means were 1.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 3.41) at baseline, 2.10 (95% CI 1.16 to 3.80) following NTG, and 1.73 (95% CI 0.93 to 3.19) after sumatriptan. Compared with baseline, neither NTG (β = 0.118, standard error [SE] = 0.267, P = 0.658) nor sumatriptan (β = -0.078, SE = 0.278, P = 0.780) showed significant effects. NTG provocation was associated with complex perceptions such as visual symptoms (10/20) and Alice in Wonderland syndrome type or dissociative symptoms (6/20), including derealization/depersonalization, metamorphopsia, macropsia and pelopsia, dysmorphopsia, and distorted passage of time. Quantitative slow phase velocity measures of nystagmus did not show a uniform group-level change during NTG provocation in VM, despite frequent subjective vestibular symptoms. VM episodes may reflect altered central sensory processing and vestibular hypersensitivity rather than changes in vestibulo-oculomotor output.

PMID 42698392
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PubMedEcotoxicology and environmental safety2026-09-04

Neutral and ionic PFAS in coastal Antarctica: Global context, diagnostic ratios, and implications for long-range atmospheric transport.

Mok Sori S, Lee Sunggyu S, Kim Kitae K, Moon Hyo-Bang HB

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been frequently detected in polar environments despite the absence of substantial local emissions, raising concerns about long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT) and precursor-driven inputs to remote regions. This study characterized the occurrence and distribution of neutral (nPFAS) and ionic PFAS (iPFAS) in air, soil, and moss collected near King Sejong Station, Antarctica. Year-long passive air samples revealed the predominance of volatile fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) in atmosphere, accompanied by short-chain perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS). Spatial variations in FTOH composition showed modest site-specific differences potentially associated with air-mass transport and mixing, while strong correlations between FTOHs and their transformation products indicated active atmospheric oxidation. PFBA was the most consistently observed PFAS in air, soil, and moss, reflecting its high mobility and ubiquity in Antarctica. Field-derived soil-air partitioning coefficients (KSA) further suggested that short-chain PFAS may be introduced through multiple pathways, including direct atmospheric transport and soil-associated precursor degradation. These findings situate Antarctic PFAS occurrence within wider global emission and transport dynamics. Sustained atmospheric monitoring will be critical for assessing how evolving PFAS usage influences long-range transport to the Antarctic environment.

PMID 42697140
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PubMedAmerican journal of biological anthropology2026-09-03

The Oral Microbiome of King Richard III of England.

Velsko Irina M IM, Hübner Alexander A, Fagernäs Zandra Z, Yates James A Fellows JAF et al.

Metagenomic investigations of ancient dental calculus provide insights into oral health, disease, and diet. Here, we analyze the dental calculus metagenome of King Richard III of England (1452-1485). Dental calculus DNA was extracted from three teeth of King Richard III and shotgun sequenced to a depth of nearly 400 million reads. The metagenomic data were taxonomically profiled and compared to new and previously published dental calculus metagenomes from England, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Germany spanning the Neolithic to the present. Sequencing data were de novo assembled, and metagenome-assembled genomes assigned to the genus Tannerella were investigated for phylogenetic relatedness and virulence. Putative dietary DNA was assessed for authenticity. The dental calculus of King Richard III was well-preserved and yielded an exceptionally high quantity of DNA. Oral microbiome species diversity fell within the range previously observed among other northern European populations, suggesting that a royal lifestyle and a rich diet did not substantially impact his oral microbiota. The reconstructed Tannerella genomes contained many virulence factors found today among oral Tannerella species. No putative dietary DNA could be authenticated. The dental calculus of King Richard III produced one of the richest ancient oral metagenomes published to date, yet the species diversity was indistinguishable from that of commoners living in northern Europe over the last 7000 years. Insufficient plant and animal DNA were recovered to investigate diet, suggesting that dental calculus may not be a sufficient source of dietary DNA even when exceptionally well-preserved.

PMID 42687714
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PubMedJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026-09-03

A SINE-like insertion in intron 13 of the ATP7A gene is associated with a mild form of Menkes-like disease in a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.

Fulton Emily A EA, Schwarz Cleo C, Jagannathan Vidhya V, Leeb Tosso T et al.

A 7-month-old intact male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was presented for persistent glucosuria despite normoglycemia, failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, and cerebellar ataxia. Fanconi syndrome was diagnosed, but the neurologic abnormalities were not fully explained. As a consequence of the early onset Fanconi syndrome, a hereditary process was suspected. Whole genome sequencing identified a private hemizygous SINE-like insertion into the ATP7A gene, at the end of intron 13, near the start of exon 14. In humans, variants in ATP7A are associated with Menkes disease, a disorder of copper metabolism associated with a spectrum of clinical signs including progressive neurodegeneration and connective tissue abnormalities. Clinically affected dogs with variants in ATP7A have not been reported previously. Although this case appears to represent a mild phenotypic presentation of Menkes-like disease, it raises the possibility that copper disorders aside from copper-associated hepatitis might exist in dogs. Further genetic screening and phenotypic characterization of rare genetic variants associated with copper metabolism would be beneficial to expand our knowledge of copper disorders in dogs and allow potential early intervention and modeling for metabolic diseases in humans.

PMID 42685339
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PubMedFrontiers in psychiatry2026-09-03

A path to suicidal ideation through emotional intelligence: the mediating role of spiritual intelligence and resilience in borderline personality disorder.

Ghorbannejad Faezeh F, Khezri Moghaddam Noshirvan N, Hedayati Arvin A

Low levels of emotional intelligence may constitute a vulnerability factor associated with suicidal ideation. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship require further investigation. This study explored how spiritual intelligence and resilience mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation in individuals with borderline personality disorder. To achieve this goal, 161 participants (18-50 years old) completed the questionnaire: The Siberia Schering's Emotional Intelligence, The King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (SISRI24), The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISK), and The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI) measuring the study variables. We conducted this research using SPSS 26 and Macro v4.3. Results revealed that there was a significant and negative relationship between emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, it was found that spiritual intelligence and resilience mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation. However, there was no significant association between emotional intelligence and suicidal ideation via spiritual intelligence. The findings of this study align well with most of our hypotheses, highlighting the role of emotional intelligence in relation to suicidal ideation and emphasizing the importance of spiritual intelligence and resilience as mediating factors.

PMID 42688329
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PubMedCureus2026-09-01

A Tale of Two Scopes: Comparative Evaluation of Tuoren® and King Vision® Videolaryngoscopes in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia.

Vatsala, Varghese Koshy K, Swain Amlan A, Sahu Seelora S et al.

Laryngoscopy remains a cornerstone of airway management in anesthesiology. With advancements in technology, videolaryngoscopes have improved visualization and intubation success rates. Among these, the Tuoren® videolaryngoscope (Tuoren Medical Group, Henan, China) and the King Vision® videolaryngoscope (Ambu A/S, Ballerup, Denmark) have been widely used, although direct clinical comparisons between the two devices remain limited. This research sought to assess and compare ease of intubation, glottic visualization, time efficiency, and success rates between the Tuoren® and King Vision® videolaryngoscopes. A prospective, randomized, single-blind study was conducted on 98 adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III undergoing elective surgeries requiring general anesthesia. The participants were allocated into two groups of 49 each: Group I was intubated using the Tuoren® device and Group II using the King Vision® device, after standard induction and neuromuscular blockade. The recorded parameters were intubation time, number of attempts, ease of intubation score, glottic visualization (modified Cormack-Lehane and Percentage of Glottic Opening (POGO) scores), and hemodynamic responses. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software for Windows, version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Patient demographics and baseline airway assessments were comparable between the groups. The mean intubation time was significantly shorter with the Tuoren® videolaryngoscope compared to the King Vision® videolaryngoscope (64.6 ± 28.8 s vs. 79.6 ± 13.2 s, p < 0.001). The Tuoren® group demonstrated a higher median ease of intubation score (3 (IQR 3-4) vs. 3 (IQR 3-3), p = 0.0011). Although King Vision® provided superior glottic views (p = 0.002), this did not translate to easier or faster intubation. Hemodynamic parameters and complication rates were similar between the two groups. Both Tuoren® and King Vision® videolaryngoscopes are effective for tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. While the King Vision® videolaryngoscope offers a marginally better glottic view, the Tuoren® videolaryngoscope provides faster and easier intubation, suggesting its potential as a reliable and cost-effective alternative in clinical practice. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm these findings across varied clinical scenarios.

PMID 42677086
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