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antithrombin III (Atenotiv / ATenativ / ATnativ)

✓ Approved

Pfizer, Inc. · SERPINC1 · Cell-based Therapies

What is antithrombin III?

antithrombin III is a cell-based therapies developed by Pfizer, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesAtenotiv, ATenativ, ATnativ
CompanyPfizer, Inc.
Drug ClassCell-based Therapies
Molecular TargetSERPINC1
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

antithrombin III acts on 1 molecular target:

SERPINC1serpin family C member 1 (ATIII, AT3D)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

antithrombin III is developed for 3 unique indications across 3 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersAntithrombin III deficiency✓ Approved
Vascular disordersThrombosis✓ Approved
Surgical and medical proceduresAdjuvant therapy✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

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Bibliometric analysis of key biomarkers in sepsis-induced coagulopathy (2006-2025).

Zhao Yidan Y, Yao Huaxing H, Lai Dong D, Xiao Pingping P et al.

Sepsis-induced coagulopathy is life-threatening in critically ill patients. Thrombin-antithrombin complex and thrombomodulin are key biomarkers, but no 20-year bibliometric analysis exists. We searched PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection (2006-2025) and analyzed 577 articles using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Publications peaked in 2016 to 2018 and then declined. Japan, the United States, and China were the most productive; the United States had the highest citations. Hotspots focused on sepsis-induced coagulopathy, endothelial injury, and intensive care unit anticoagulation. Thrombin-antithrombin complex/thrombomodulin research is globally established, led by the United States. Future work should enhance international collaboration and develop multi-biomarker models.

PubMedPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP2026-11-11

Semi-empirical thermodynamic model for solvent extraction of neodymium(III) nitrate by tri-n-butyl phosphate.

Coomans Cédric C, Lommelen Rayco R, Binnemans Koen K

The separation and purification of rare-earth elements (REEs) by solvent extraction (SX) is a complex process that requires strict process development and control. Semi-empirical thermodynamic models offer advantages over purely empirical approaches for predicting liquid-liquid equilibria, particularly in highly non-ideal systems. In this study, the OLI mixed solvent electrolyte (MSE) framework was used to develop a thermodynamic model for solvent extraction of Nd(III), achieving an error of ±6.74% on the extraction efficiency over the concentration ranges of 0.05-4.5 mol L-1 Nd(III), 0-7 mol L-1 HNO3, 0-5 mol L-1 NaNO3, and 30-100 vol% tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in n-aliphatic diluents. The model incorporates detailed chemical speciation and accurately describes non-ideal behaviour in both concentrated electrolytes and non-aqueous solvents. Batch solvent extraction experiments covering a wide range of aqueous feed compositions that address gaps in the existing literature demonstrated that modelling Nd(III) extraction by considering only one metal complex, [Nd(NO3)3TBP3], gives a good agreement between experimental and calculated distribution data. Combined with infrared and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy, these results indicate that nitric acid and salting-out agents do not alter the Nd(III) speciation during extraction. The model further showed a strong predictive capability when extrapolated to Nd(III)-HNO3-NaNO3 systems, demonstrating its general applicability within the investigated Nd(III)-TBP nitrate system.

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Type III polyketide synthases: from catalytic plasticity to predictive engineering.

Shin Hyesoo H, Jang Byeongseon B, Ham Yangsub Y, Hahn Ji-Sook JS

Covering: 1998 to 2026Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) are homodimeric enzymes that catalyze starter-substrate loading, iterative condensation, and cyclization to produce diverse natural products, including chalcones, stilbenes, cannabinoid precursors, and curcuminoids. Despite their conserved catalytic architecture, type III PKSs exhibit remarkable plasticity in starter-substrate utilization, chain extension, and cyclization chemistry. This versatility makes them attractive but challenging targets for enzyme engineering. This review examines three major strategies for improving type III PKSs: screening and genome mining, structure-guided engineering, and directed evolution coupled with high-throughput screening or selection. We discuss how these approaches can be used to improve catalytic activity, substrate specificity, and product selectivity, both in vitro and in heterologous production hosts. We also examine recent applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to enzyme discovery, functional prediction, and variant prioritization, as well as the limitations imposed by small and heterogeneous datasets. Finally, we provide a practical framework for selecting engineering strategies and discuss future directions toward more predictable engineering of type III PKSs.

PubMedJournal of surgical case reports2026-11-11

Endoscopic orbital transposition with three-dimensional flap reconstruction for a laterally located frontal sinus cyst: how I do it.

Kano Kotaro K, Yamada Satoshi S, Mori Taiki T, Masuda Mamoru M et al.

Access to far-lateral frontal sinus lesions remains challenging, even after a Draf III procedure. We describe an endoscopic orbital transposition approach combined with 3D vascularized flap reconstruction for a laterally located frontal sinus cyst. After completion of the Draf III procedure, the orbit was mobilized laterally to access the cyst. Exposed bone surfaces were reconstructed using three vascularized flaps: a posterior pedicled lamina papyracea flap, a Superior Lateral Anterior Pedicled flap, and bilateral septoturbinal flaps. This technique provides direct access to far-lateral frontal sinus lesions while enabling broad vascularized coverage of exposed bone surfaces and may help reduce postoperative restenosis.

PubMedAnalytical chemistry2026-11-11

Single-Cell ICP-MS Quantification of Intracellular Chromium and Cell-Surface TNFR2 for Assessing Cr(III/VI)-Induced Lung Epithelial Injury and COPD-Relevant Responses.

Lu Xinyi X, Chen Beibei B, He Man M, Hu Bin B

An integrated platform combining droplet microfluidics, lanthanide labeling, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was proposed to quantify intracellular heavy metal and cell-surface protein at single-cell resolution. The workflow performs parallel measurements on homologous single-cell subsets to establish statistical correlations between metal accumulation and functional protein responses. Using tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) as a model protein, we investigated the effects of atmospheric particulate matter-associated heavy metals on human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Several heavy metals trigger TNFR2 upregulation, with Cr(VI) exerting the most pronounced effect. The Cr(VI)-induced increase in TNFR2 expression was associated with elevated TNF-α release, higher intracellular ROS, and reduced SOD activity but did not correlate directly with intracellular Cr accumulation, likely due to distinct cellular uptake mechanisms between Cr(III) and Cr(VI). High-concentration Cr(III) exposure, however, led to intracellular Cr enrichment and provoked inflammatory responses. Integration of differential gene expression, TNF-α release, and TNFR2 expression support TNFR2 as a potential indicator of metal-induced oxidative stress, epithelial injury, and COPD-relevant inflammatory responses. This single-cell dual-parameter approach provides a new strategy for linking metal uptake to functional protein responses in environmental toxicology.

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The impact of smoking and diabetes on periodontitis grade: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study.

Steinbrenner Gina G, Lingwal Neelam N, Sayed Nihad El NE, Eickholz Peter P

Evaluation of the amount of periodontitis patients whose grade is determined by smoking and/or diabetes. All charts of patients scheduled for active periodontal treatment at Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Dept. of Periodontology from November 2004 on were screened until data saturation was reached, and 402 charts met the inclusion criteria. Charts were analysed and patients reclassified according to the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases. Grade A/B was also assigned according to Dietrich et al. 2019. Four-hundred-two patients (age: 56.9 ± 11.4 years; 208 females; 68 active smokers; 22: 1-9 cigarettes/day; 46: ≥10 cigarettes/day; 29 diabetics, 18: HbA1c < 7%, 11: HbA1c ≥ 7%; 7 stage II, 234 stage III, 161 stage IV, 0 grade A, 179 grade B [Tonetti et al. 2018], 10 grade A, 169 grade B [Dietrich et al. 2019], 223 grade C) contributed 9,318 teeth and 221 dental implants. No heavy smoker (≥ 10 cigarettes/day) suffered from HbA1c ≥ 7%. Generalised stage III periodontitis grade C was exclusively determined by smoking in 7 and by diabetes in 3 cases. In this convenience periodontitis sample in generalised stage III periodontitis, grade C was rarely determined exclusively by smoking (7 cases [7%]) or diabetes (3 cases [3%]). Only 10 patients were assigned to different grades according to Dietrich et al. 2019 (2.5%). March 11, 2024 registered in the German Register of Clinical Studies (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien: DRKS) DRKS00033633.

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