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sildenafil (Liqrev)

✓ Approved

CMP Pharma, Inc. · PDE5A · Small Molecule

What is sildenafil?

sildenafil is a small molecule developed by CMP Pharma, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesLiqrev
CompanyCMP Pharma, Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetPDE5A
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, CMP Pharma, Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

sildenafil acts on 1 molecular target:

PDE5Aphosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5, CGB-PDE)
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Therapeutic Indications

sildenafil is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersPulmonary hypertension✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026-09-19

CYP3A5 genetic variability influences sildenafil and metabolite in pulmonary hypertension.

Wongwien Pranisa P, Pussadhamma Burabha B, Kanjanawart Sirimas S, Areesinpitak Thikhumporn T et al.

Interindividual variability in sildenafil response among pulmonary hypertension patients (PH) may be influenced by CYP3A5 polymorphisms. CYP3A5*3 allele reduces CYP3A5 activity and affects sildenafil metabolism. This study investigated the associations between CYP3A5 genotype and plasma concentrations of sildenafil and N-desmethyl sildenafil, as well as clinical outcomes, in PH. A cross-sectional study of 92 patients with PH was conducted. Blood samples were collected at trough and 1 h after sildenafil administration (C1h). Plasma concentrations were quantified by HPLC, and CYP3A5 genotypes were determined by real-time PCR with TaqMan probes. Thirteen (14.13%) patients carried the CYP3A5 *1/*1 genotype, and 79 (85.87%) carried the CYP3A5*3 allele. CYP3A5*3 allele carriers had a significantly higher mean C1h sildenafil concentration-to-dose (C/D) ratio than CYP3A5*1/*1 carriers (3.61 ± 2.69 vs. 2.66 ± 1.20 ng/mL/mg; p = 0.043). The mean C1h of sildenafil, trough sildenafil concentration and trough sildenafil C/D ratio were higher in CYP3A5*3 carriers, but not statistically significant. The trough and C1h of N-desmethyl sildenafil and their corresponding C/D ratios were lower in CYP3A5*3 carriers but did not reach statistical significance. CYP3A5*3 allele carriers showed greater improvement in 6-min walk distance (33.74 ± 43.46 m vs. -5.58 ± 44.52 m; p = 0.005), WHO functional class (32.00% vs. 15.39%; p = 0.042) and EmPHasis-10 scores (-4.15 ± 6.46 vs. 1.08 ± 3.80; p = 0.009). The CYP3A5*3 allele is associated with higher sildenafil exposure and superior clinical outcomes. Therefore, CYP3A5 genotyping may facilitate personalized assessment of sildenafil efficacy and clinical outcomes.

PMID 42760608
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PubMedMedicine2026-09-19

Association among physical activity, stress and oral health among university students: A cross-sectional study.

Li Qianru Q, Chen Zhe Z, Sun Chenyuan C, Lin Shengyun S et al.

This study aims to comprehensively examine the interrelationships among physical activity, stress, and oral health status in university students to provide empirical evidence for targeted oral health promotion strategies. A survey was conducted among current university students in mainland China. Physical activity was evaluated via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, and stress was measured through the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale. Oral health status was evaluated through self-reported indicators, including gingival bleeding, toothache, and oral ulcer. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and structural equation modeling. A P value < .05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 1578 participants were included. Findings revealed that 47.7% of students had insufficient physical activity, while 38.7% reported high or excessive stress. Multivariable logistic regression showed that insufficient physical activity and elevated stress levels were associated with an increased risk of gingival bleeding and oral ulcers (P < .05). Structural equation modeling showed that physical activity was negatively associated with perceived stress (standardized coefficient = -0.360, P < .05), and perceived stress was positively associated with self‑reported oral symptoms (standardized coefficient = 0.411, P < .05). However, the direct association between physical activity and oral symptoms was not statistically significant (standardized coefficient = -0.009, P = .765). Physical activity, stress, and oral health are closely intertwined. Insufficient activity and high stress are critical determinants of poor oral health among university students. The observed association between physical activity and oral symptoms was mediated primarily through perceived stress rather than a direct effect. Universities should implement integrated interventions that encourage regular exercise and provide mental health support to enhance the holistic and oral well-being of the student population.

PMID 42760721
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PubMedClinical oral investigations2026-09-19

Cystic fibrosis and its impact on the oral cavity and dental treatments - a scoping review.

Lopes Cardoso Inês I, Guimarães Maria Inês MI, Cozic Elisa Le EL, Leal Fernanda F

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, mainly affecting the respiratory and digestive systems. Advances in diagnosis and treatment have increased life expectancy, making cystic fibrosis a chronic condition requiring long-term multidisciplinary care. Consequently, oral health has gained importance, as disease manifestations and prolonged therapies may influence the oral cavity and dental management. This review aimed to analyse the available scientific evidence regarding the impact of cystic fibrosis on oral health and dental treatments. The guiding research question was: What is the impact of cystic fibrosis on the oral cavity and dental treatments? A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library using the keywords: cystic fibrosis, oral health, and dental treatment. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 articles were selected. Although findings remain heterogeneous, the included studies suggest that cystic fibrosis is associated with specific oral changes. In children, a lower prevalence of dental caries was frequently reported, often linked to prolonged antibiotic use. In adults, studies indicated a higher prevalence of untreated caries and poorer oral health status. Developmental enamel defects and salivary alterations were also commonly observed. Cystic fibrosis may significantly affect oral health, highlighting the need for individualized dental care focused on prevention, regular monitoring, and adaptation to each patient's specific needs. Individualized preventive and therapeutic strategies, regular monitoring, and integration of dental professionals into multidisciplinary teams may improve oral health outcomes, treatment adherence, and quality of life.

PMID 42760388
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PubMedBMC pediatrics2026-09-19

Establishing preliminary normative reference values for oral motor skills in typically developing Egyptian children using oral placement therapy tools.

Zaytoun Rehab Abd Elhafeez RAE, Abdel Hady Aisha Fawzy AF, Farag Mohamed Eid ME, Alasheery Rasha Abdelrahman RA et al.

Oral motor skills are essential for normal feeding and speech development. Impairments in these functions may adversely affect a child's growth, communication abilities, and overall quality of life. Accurate and standardized assessment of oral motor function is therefore critical for early diagnosis and intervention. However, many currently available assessment tools lack adequate objectivity and standardization. This study aimed to evaluate oral motor function in typically developing Egyptian children aged 2-6 years using Oral Placement Therapy (OPT) tool hierarchies and to establish normative reference values for clinical use. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 typically developing children randomly selected from nurseries in Fayoum, Egypt. Participants were categorized into 6-month age intervals across the 2-6-year age range. Oral motor skills were assessed using OPT tool hierarchies, including bite blocks, bite tubes, horn hierarchies, straw hierarchies, and bubble-blowing tasks. Oral motor performance demonstrated an overall age-related progression across most assessment domains. Children younger than 42 months consistently achieved lower scores, whereas children older than 66 months achieved the highest scores across most OPT tool hierarchies. Significant differences were observed among age groups in measures of jaw stability, jaw strength, lip function, and oral airflow control. OPT tool hierarchies provide a feasible and practical method for assessing oral motor function in typically developing Egyptian children. The preliminary reference data generated in this study may serve as a useful clinical guide for the early identification and management of oral motor disorders. However, multi-center validation and comprehensive psychometric evaluation are warranted before these data can be adopted as standardized clinical benchmarks.

PMID 42760549
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-09-19

An open-label randomised controlled trial protocol evaluating a Siddha add-on regimen for radiotherapy induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients.

P Shanmugapriya S, T Subathra S, S Sowmiya S, R Gayatri G et al.

Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is a common and clinically significant complication in patients undergoing radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancers. It can cause severe oral pain, dysphagia, nutritional compromise, secondary infections, and treatment interruptions, thereby affecting treatment compliance and oncological outcomes. Since the current standard of care (SOC) mainly focuses on symptomatic relief, there is a need for integrative treatment approaches that may improve overall patient outcomes. The present study is designed as a randomised controlled Phase II superiority trial involving 160 participants, with 80 participants allocated to each study arm. Participants in the control arm will receive benzydamine mouthwash six times daily as SOC, while those in the intervention arm will receive Siddha formulations such as Thiripala Chooranam mouthwash and Gungiliya Vennai topical application three times daily in addition to SOC. Weekly assessments will be carried out by oncologists using validated tools including the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Oral Mucositis Scale, WHO Oral Mucositis Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for oral pain, and WHO three-step analgesic ladder. The primary outcome of the study is the assessment of RIOM severity using RTOG grading scale. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of mucositis severity using the WHO Oral Mucositis Scale, reduction in oral pain assessed by VAS (minimum 2-point reduction), analgesic usage based on the WHO three-step analgesic ladder, safety outcomes, and treatment interruptions. This study may provide evidence on the effectiveness and safety of an integrative Siddha-based approach in reducing RIOM severity and improving supportive care in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?EncHid=MTQ2MTYw&Enc=&userName=, Registered in Clinical Trial Registry, India (CTRI/2025/12/098832- registered on 10-12-2025). Participant enrolment for the trial has commenced, and the study is currently ongoing.

PMID 42761039
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PubMedSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026-09-19

Taking a spiritual history in the oral oncology setting.

Santos-Silva Alan Roger AR, Magalhaes Marco M, Calderipe Camila Barcellos CB, Lopes Marcio Ajudarte MA et al.

Spirituality is recognized as a dimension of health and is increasingly incorporated into supportive cancer care settings. Patients with oral cancer frequently experience profound functional, psychosocial, and existential challenges associated with their diagnosis and treatment, often leading to unmet spiritual needs. Taking a spiritual history provides an approach to identify beliefs, values, and coping resources that influence quality of life and clinical decision-making. To synthesize evidence-based strategies for assessing patients' spirituality within oral oncology practice, emphasizing spiritual history tools, clinical impact, and educational needs. A narrative review was conducted using the SANRA tool as guidelines, focusing on peer-reviewed literature, clinical frameworks, and educational interventions addressing spiritual assessment in patients with serious illness, those relevant to multiprofessional cancer care. Instruments such as FICA and HOPE demonstrated positive effects on trust, communication, and adherence to treatment. Despite these benefits, the spirituality assessment remains limited in oral oncology. Educational models have shown measurable improvements in clinician confidence and skill acquisition. These tools make it feasible for professionals in oral oncology to take patients' spiritual history, which enhances holistic care, strengthens multidisciplinary alignment, and supports patient-centered outcomes. Implementation requires initiatives and standardized referral to address identified spiritual needs.

PMID 42760416
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