Drug Database
NE

nepafenac (Ilevro)

✓ Approved

Alcon, Inc. · PTGS1 · Small Molecule

What is nepafenac?

nepafenac is a small molecule developed by Alcon, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via others.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesIlevro
CompanyAlcon, Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetPTGS1, PTGS2
RouteOthers
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Alcon, Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

nepafenac acts on 2 molecular targets:

PTGS1prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (COX3, PCOX1)
PTGS2prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (GRIPGHS, hCox-2)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

nepafenac is developed for 3 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Eye disordersDiabetic retinal oedema✓ Approved
Eye disordersCataract✓ Approved
Injury, poisoning and procedural complicationsProcedural pain✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence2026-09-05

From daily maternal worry to adolescents' emotion dysregulation: The mediating role of maternal privacy invasion.

Wang Yueqi Y, Donker Monika H MH, Branje Susan S, Peng Shisang S et al.

Based on the Systems Model of Privacy, this study examined within-family associations between maternal worry about adolescents, maternal privacy invasion perceptions, and adolescent emotion dysregulation. Participants were 208 adolescent-mother dyads (Adolescents: 56.7% female, Mage = 15.00; Mothers: Mage = 42.63) in mainland China. All participants completed daily diaries for 21 days. Both adolescents and mothers reported greater maternal invasion on days when mothers felt greater worry, but only adolescent-perceived invasion predicted their own emotion dysregulation. Mothers' daily emotion dysregulation did not moderate associations between maternal worry and privacy invasion, but did directly predict both greater adolescent emotion dysregulation and mother-reported invasion. Findings suggest that maternal privacy invasions, especially those perceived by adolescents, can disrupt the daily intrapersonal regulatory functions that privacy serves in the Chinese family context.

PMID 42698328
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PubMedJournal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence2026-09-05

Adolescents' daily affect predicts their mobile phone use (not the other way around).

Chen Y Anthony YA, Lind Monika Neff MN, Ram Nilam N, Odgers Candice L CL

Adolescence is a sensitive period of development marked by heightened affective reactivity and shifting sleep patterns. Yet how adolescents' daily emotional states and sleep intersect with their mobile phone use remains poorly understood, partly due to debates about directionality and the reliance on often cross-sectional and self-reported global measures of use. The present study advances the field by using objective, naturalistic data to differentiate active phone use (time with keyboard input) from passive use (remaining foreground app time without keyboard input), testing within-person associations between mobile phone use and adolescents' morning affect and sleep. We applied multilevel models to 3192 daily observations of 40 Android-using adolescents (ages 15-20; 65% male) collected over a 90-day period using the Effortless Assessment Research System. Results indicated that when adolescents reported higher-than-usual morning negative affect, they engaged in greater passive use the same day; no associations were found with positive morning affect. Similarly, adolescents' daily fluctuations in active and passive mobile phone use did not predict sleep that night or next-morning affect. These findings suggest that adolescents' morning negative affect may shape how they engage with their mobile phones throughout the day.

PMID 42698353
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PubMedThe American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association2026-09-05

Enhancing Play and Daily Activities in Autistic Children: Family-Centered Occupational Therapy in a Hospital Setting.

Hsieh Ya-Lin YL, Tseng Mei-Hui MH, Chiang Fu-Mei FM, Huang Wei-Tian WT et al.

ImportanceFamily-centered occupational therapy (FCOT) Coaching Intervention improves child participation and parental skills, yet its use in hospital-based early intervention (EI) in Taiwan is limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate FCOT Coaching Intervention for enhancing daily participation and play in autistic children.DesignQuasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design.SettingNational Taiwan University Children's Hospital.ParticipantsNineteen autistic children (aged 2-6) and their parents. Families self-selected into FCOT Coaching Intervention group (n = 9) or control group (n = 10) based on transportation convenience.InterventionFCOT Coaching Intervention group comprised twice-weekly, 30-min sessions over 6 months, focusing on parent coaching and family-centered goals. Controls received traditional therapy in community clinics.Outcomes and MeasuresChild outcomes were assessed via Psychoeducational Profile-Third Edition (PEP-3), Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS), and Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale (RKPPS). Parenting stress and family outcomes were measured with Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) and Family Outcomes Survey-Revised (FOS-R). Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) assessed individualized goals in FCOT Coaching Intervention group.ResultsChildren who received FCOT Coaching Intervention showed significant gains in adaptive behaviors (p = .021), daily living skills (p = .026), and attention during play (p = .035). GAS revealed notable progress in play and daily activity participation. Parenting stress and family outcomes showed no significant group differences.Conclusions and RelevanceFCOT Coaching Intervention effectively enhanced parts of functional participation and play in young autistic children in a hospital setting. Findings support expanding FCOT Coaching Intervention in EI and underscore the need for long-term follow-up.

PMID 42698316
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PubMedThe American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association2026-09-05

Longitudinal Associations Between Hearing and Visual Function and ADL and IADL Independence in Older Adults.

Kim Hanul H, Hreha Kimberly K, Hong Ickpyo I

ImportanceAge-related declines in hearing and vision are common among older adults and are increasingly recognized as key determinants of functional independence. However, limited evidence exists on how sensory function (vision and hearing) shapes longitudinal trajectories of daily functioning over time.ObjectiveTo examine longitudinal associations between hearing and vision function and the trajectories of activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) among community-dwelling older adults.DesignLongitudinal cohort study using latent growth curve modeling.SettingCommunity-based sample.Participants2,961 adults aged ≥ 65 years.Outcomes and MeasuresSelf-reported sensory function, and functional performance in ADLs and IADLs.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 73.637 years (SD = 5.990; 1,207 men, 1,754 women). Both ADL and IADL performance declined over time, with a steeper declines observed for IADLs (slope = -0.517, p < .001) than for ADLs (slope = -0.317, p < .001). Poorer hearing and vision function were associated with lower functional performance across waves, with stronger associations observed for IADL trajectories (β = 0.063-0.119). All latent growth models demonstrated acceptable fit.Conclusions and RelevanceSensory function was associated with adverse longitudinal functional trajectories, particularly for IADLs. These findings highlight the importance of routine sensory screening in occupational therapy (OT) practice and support older adults across the life span in order to help promote functional independence via stage-specific, individualized OT interventions that target the sensory impairment.

PMID 42698308
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PubMedScientific reports2026-09-05

Deep-Pose-Tracker: an automated behavioural analysis framework for Caenorhabditis elegans.

Saha Debasish D, Chaudhary Shivam S, Vyas Dhyey D, Ghosh-Roy Anindya A et al.

Tracking and analyzing animal behaviour is a crucial step in fields such as neuroscience and developmental biology. Behavioural studies in the nematode C. elegans, for example, help in understanding how organisms respond to external cues and how the specific physiological responses link to either instantaneous or learned behaviours. Although tracking behaviour through locomotion patterns and postural dynamics is routine, it becomes laborious and time-consuming when performed manually. Automation of this process is therefore crucial for accurate and fast detection and analysis. To this end, we report Deep-Pose-Tracker (DPT), a YOLO (You Only Look Once)-based model for automated pose detection of C. elegans from videos and images. The module is further utilized for several downstream analysis algorithms to quantify essential behavioural features, including locomotion speed, orientation, forward or reverse locomotion, and complex body bends such as omega turns. In addition, it includes eigenworms decomposition to represent complex posture dynamics in a low-dimensional space. The model shows reliable performance on the validation and test datasets, with high inference speed, while being user-friendly. DPT, therefore, can be a valuable toolkit for automated behavioural quantification of C. elegans under varying experimental stimuli.

PMID 42697938
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PubMedBMC emergency medicine2026-09-05

Impact of a high-profile sudden cardiac death on emergency department utilization: a multi-campus interrupted time series and exploratory phenotyping study.

Wang Chenxi C, Cai Han H, Hu Xiujuan X, Liu Jiayu J et al.

High-profile public health events can be temporally associated with significant shifts in healthcare-seeking behavior. We aimed to quantify the surge in emergency department (ED) volume and characterize the demographic shifts following a high-profile sudden cardiac death (SCD) event of a nationally prominent public figure. A retrospective study was conducted across two major hospital cohorts (N = 15,981). We employed interrupted time series (ITS) analysis to estimate the immediate level shift in daily ED visits. An XGBoost model with SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) interpretability was developed as an exploratory phenotyping tool to characterize the surge based on clinical and behavioral features. Findings were confirmed using an internal validation cohort. Following the SCD event, daily ED volume exhibited a significant immediate level shift (Main: +24.4%; Internal Validation: +34.7%,p < 0.001). A subtle but robust demographic shift toward younger populations was observed (Median age decrease: 2.2 years,p < 0.001). Machine learning identified Age, Nighttime Presentation, and Cardiovascular Department attendance as the features most strongly associated with the surge phenotype. Notably, the SHAP dependence analysis revealed a sharp, non-linear escalation in surge probability for individuals aged < 45 years, particularly during nocturnal hours. Despite the volume surge, no significant increase in mortality or acute myocardial infarction diagnoses was observed, indicating that the surge was predominantly associated with low-risk individuals exhibiting reassurance-seeking behavior. Media-driven events can be followed by a structured, large-scale surge in emergency department utilization, predominantly among younger, low-risk individuals seeking reassurance. These demographic and behavioral findings are consistent with the cyberchondria phenomenon, which may produce a dilution of clinical severity without increasing hard endpoints, potentially straining acute care resources. Targeted public health communication and adaptive triage strategies are essential to preserve emergency capacity during periods of heightened media-associated health concerns.

PMID 42698090
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