Drug Database
EB

Ebola vaccine (Mvabea)

✓ Approved

Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. · Recombinant Proteins · Recombinant Proteins

What is Ebola vaccine?

Ebola vaccine is a recombinant proteins developed by Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMvabea
CompanyJohnson & Johnson Services, Inc.
Drug ClassRecombinant Proteins, Vaccine
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc.

Therapeutic Indications

Ebola vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Congenital, familial and genetic disordersCongenital Ebola virus infection✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedMedComm2026-11-11

Therapeutic and Prophylactic Agents for Viral Diseases: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Prospects.

Khan Sawar S, Nisar Ayesha A, Li Xiaoxu X, Yu Hao H et al.

Viral diseases remain a major global health challenge despite substantial advances in vaccination, antiviral therapeutics, and public-health interventions. However, current antiviral strategies are still constrained by important gaps, including rapid viral evolution, limited broad-spectrum efficacy, immune escape, antiviral resistance, incomplete durability of protection, and inequitable global access to prevention and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive and integrated overview of contemporary antiviral prevention and therapeutic strategies, spanning vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, direct-acting antivirals, host-targeted therapies, immunomodulators, RNA-based therapeutics, gene-editing technologies, and cellular immunotherapies. We discuss the mechanistic foundations, clinical applications, pharmacologic considerations, and translational challenges associated with each modality across major human viral pathogens, including HIV, HBV, HCV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2, RSV, Ebola virus, arboviruses, and herpesviruses. Particular emphasis is placed on emerging innovations such as long-acting prophylaxis, Fc-engineered monoclonal antibodies, nanoparticle and mucosal vaccine platforms, CRISPR-based antiviral systems, and broadly protective host-directed approaches designed to overcome resistance and enhance pandemic preparedness. In addition, we highlight the growing importance of real-time genomic surveillance and equitable global deployment strategies in shaping future antiviral responses, collectively underscoring that the next generation of antiviral medicine will depend on the convergence of universal immunization strategies, durable therapeutics, precision immune modulation, and rapidly deployable platform technologies capable of addressing both endemic and emerging viral threats.

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PubMedNPJ vaccines2026-11-11

A structure-guided trivalent subunit vaccine confers maternal protection to neonatal piglets against PEDV and PDCoV.

Liu Jia J, Chen Longping L, Li Dan D, Wang Zhuo Z et al.

Antigenic divergence among porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) genotypes and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) limits the cross-protection provided by current commercial vaccines. Here, employing a structure-guided antigen design strategy, we developed a trivalent subunit vaccine concurrently targeting PEDV G2a, PEDV G2b, and PDCoV. The vaccine antigen set comprises optimized spike ectodomain antigens, featuring stabilizing mutations, a heptad repeat 2 (HR2) deletion, a fused neutralizing epitope, and a flagellin adjuvant fused to the N-terminus. Formulated with MF59+CpG adjuvants, this trivalent vaccine elicited robust PEDV- and PDCoV-specific neutralizing antibody responses and Th1/Th2-associated cellular immune responses characterized by IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 production in mice. Immunization of pregnant sows with 300 μg dose induced high-titer IgG, IgA, and colostral secretory IgA (SIgA) against all three target viruses. Although neutralizing antibody titers were comparable between the 100 μg and 300 μg dose groups, the 300 μg group showed higher and more persistent levels of colostral binding IgG and SIgA. Following maternal immunization, piglets that acquired maternal antibodies through colostrum exhibited reduced clinical diarrhea, lower fecal viral RNA shedding, and less severe intestinal lesions after challenge with PEDV G2a, PEDV G2b, or PDCoV. These findings support this structure-guided trivalent subunit vaccine as a promising candidate for maternal immunization against co-circulating porcine enteric coronaviruses.

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PubMedHealth communication2026-11-11

Spiritual Health Locus of Control and COVID-19 Booster Intentions Among Hispanic Americans: A Culturally Grounded Extension of the Extended Parallel Process Model.

Kim Joon J, Jun Jungmi J, Zambrano Rodriguez Viviana Carolina VC

Declining uptake of COVID-19 boosters poses significant public health concerns. Hispanic Americans, who have experienced disproportionate pandemic impacts, report lower uptake of updated boosters than non-Hispanic White adults, partly attributable to vaccine hesitancy. Although religiosity plays a central role in Hispanic communities, little is known about how spiritually grounded beliefs shape cognitive and emotional responses to vaccination. This study integrates the extended parallel process model (EPPM) with spiritual health locus of control (SHLOC) to examine how exposure to faith-based and governmental vaccine information influences booster intention through spiritually grounded efficacy appraisals. Using an online survey of Hispanic American adults (N = 349), we tested a structural equation model linking SHLOC, perceived threat, efficacy beliefs, fear, and vaccination intentions. Results indicated that active SHLOC, reflecting beliefs in divine partnership in health, increased response efficacy and indirectly promoted booster intention and vaccine advocacy, whereas passive SHLOC, reflecting divine determinism, reduced self-efficacy and indirectly discouraged booster intention. Perceived threat was positively associated with fear, and efficacy beliefs emerged as the strongest predictors of booster intention. Mediation analyses supported serial pathways from message exposure to SHLOC to efficacy to intention, identifying spiritually grounded control beliefs as a culturally embedded mechanism in vaccine decision making. Findings suggest that faith-based engagement can function as either a protective or risk communication channel, depending on whether messages reinforce divine partnership or determinism. The study advances EPPM by identifying SHLOC as a culturally grounded antecedent to efficacy appraisal and offers implications for culturally responsive vaccine communication in Hispanic communities.

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PubMedInternational journal for equity in health2026-11-11

Reaching zero-dose children through the Big Catch-Up initiative in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.

Elmahdy Eman E, Mere Osama O, Farrukh Saadia S, Alyousfi Mohamad Nihad MN et al.

Routine immunization (RI) is one of the most effective public health interventions for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. However, recent disruptions to RI have created immunity gaps in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), increasing the number of zero-dose (ZD) and under-immunized children, particularly in countries affected by conflict, displacement, service disruption, and ongoing vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks. The Big Catch-Up (BCU) initiative aimed to identify and vaccinate missed children, close immunity gaps, and strengthen RI systems. In the six Gavi-supported EMR countries included in this study (Afghanistan, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen), implementation targeted children aged 12-59 months. This study assessed progress in reaching ZD children during BCU implementation in these six countries. A descriptive, multi-country programmatic analysis was conducted using quantitative and qualitative data from BCU quarterly reports covering implementation from Q4 2024 to Q1 2026. Additional data sources included World health Organization (WHO and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC), Gavi-approved vaccine dose data, and UNICEF vaccine shipment data. Quantitative analysis summarized administered doses, zero-dose targets, BCU coverage, vaccine consumption, and performance by country and antigen among children aged 12-59 months. Age-disaggregated analyses were conducted for children aged 12-23 months and 24-59 months. Qualitative information from country reports on implementation successes, challenges, and lessons learned was summarized by country and thematic area. During the BCU implementation period, 3.5 million zero-dose children were reached with Penta1 across the six countries, representing 53% of the estimated cumulative population of 6.6 million ZD children. Of the 57 million Gavi-approved vaccine doses, 98% were shipped to countries, and 47.7 million doses were administered, equivalent to 84% of approved doses. Implementation success was supported by targeted identification of areas with high numbers of zero-dose children, integrated outreach, integration with other health services, and recruitment of vaccinators and deployment of community health workers. Key challenges included insecurity, population movement, inaccessible districts, community refusal, and limited community engagement. Substantial progress in reaching missed children was reported during BCU implementation in high-priority EMR countries. Lessons learned highlight the importance of integrating catch-up vaccination with RI, strengthening microplanning, ensuring timely vaccine supply and financing, improving community engagement, and institutionalizing catch-up vaccination.

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PubMedTropical medicine and health2026-11-11

From outbreak response to system strengthening: preventing diphtheria in Somalia.

Abdullahi Zakaria Abdi ZA, Derow Ismail Mohamud IM, Yusuf Abdi Wahab Salad AWS, Abdi Aniso Mohamed AM et al.

Diphtheria, a vaccine-preventable disease, has re-emerged as a significant public health concern in Somalia, highlighting persistent weaknesses in immunization systems. Recent outbreaks demonstrate that transmission is driven not by limitations of available vaccines but by immunity gaps associated with low routine immunization coverage, high numbers of zero-dose children, conflict, population displacement, and barriers to accessing health services. The 2025 diphtheria outbreak, characterized by substantial morbidity and mortality among children, underscores the urgent need to move beyond reactive outbreak response toward sustainable immunization-system strengthening. This letter emphasizes the importance of improving routine immunization services, expanding catch-up vaccination, strengthening disease surveillance, enhancing vaccine supply chains and cold-chain capacity, and improving immunization data systems for identifying missed populations. Evidence from Somalia's recent vaccination initiatives demonstrates that community-centered approaches, digital tools, and locally adapted outreach strategies can successfully reach underserved groups even in fragile settings. Building resilient immunization systems requires coordinated efforts among government institutions, communities, health workers, and international partners. Strengthening equitable vaccination delivery is essential not only for preventing future diphtheria outbreaks, but also for improving Somalia's preparedness against other vaccine-preventable diseases and future public health emergencies.

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PubMedmSphere2026-11-11

Genetic detoxification of an unencapsulated Neisseria meningitidis strain enhances potency of outer membrane vesicle vaccines and cross-reactivity of vaccine-specific antibodies.

Matthias Kathryn A KA, Kumova Ogan K OK, Reveille Alexandra A, Bizzell Erica E et al.

Meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) detergent-detoxified outer membrane vesicle (dOMV) vaccines demonstrate high effectiveness against the homologous production strain but confer limited cross-protection to heterologous strains. We previously reported that dOMVs isolated from a MenB strain deleted for the proteins PorA, PorB, and RmpM (ΔABR) elicited bactericidal antibodies with a greater breadth of coverage, but of lower overall titer, compared to wild-type (WT) dOMV-induced antibodies. Low ΔABR dOMV potency was associated with pronounced vesicular deterioration and lower levels of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and capsular polysaccharide (Cps) relative to WT dOMVs, phenotypes resulting from detergent detoxification procedures required to limit LOS-induced toxicity. In this study, we engineered genetically detoxified ΔABR strains that were deleted singly for the lauroyl acyltransferase LpxL1 (ΔABRL) or in tandem for the Cps polysialyltransferase SiaD (ΔABRSL). Genetically detoxified, detergent-extracted OMVs (eOMVs) from ΔABRL and ΔABRSL retained vesicular structure and elicited functional antibodies with increased cross-reactivity compared to ΔABR and ΔABRL dOMVs when administered to rabbits. Antibody seropositivity and cross-reactivity were similarly increased in mice vaccinated with ΔABRL eOMVs vs ΔABRL dOMVs. ΔABRSL eOMV potency was higher than that of ΔABRL eOMVs, suggesting a role for Cps in suppressing antibody responses. Immunization with eOMVs was associated with trends toward improved murine T helper cell responses and elicitation of higher proportions of conformational antibodies that may have contributed to improved bactericidal activity. ΔABRSL eOMVs additionally showed decreased toxicity compared to WT and ΔABR dOMVs when tested in vitro, supporting further study as a vaccine candidate. The ability to target multiple serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis strains with a single vesicle vaccine is complicated by the diversity of antigens that span the bacterial surface. We previously reported that vesicles isolated from meningococcal strains deleted for the major antigenically diverse surface proteins elicited functional antibodies that could kill a large number of N. meningitidis strains though at relatively low titers. Low potency of the mutant vaccines was associated with a breakdown of the vesicular membrane upon detergent treatment, a process necessary to diminish endogenous endotoxin levels and ensure vaccine safety. In this study, we demonstrate that we can retain high cross-reactivity of anti-vesicle antibodies without decreasing the potency of the host immune response through genetic detoxification of the meningococcal vaccine strain. By preventing the formation of the complete endotoxin structure, we are able to isolate vesicles that are safe and immunogenic without the requirement for detergent detoxification.

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