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deoxycholic acid (DWJ 211 / DWJ211)

✓ Approved

Daewoong Pharmaceutical · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is deoxycholic acid?

deoxycholic acid is a small molecule developed by Daewoong Pharmaceutical. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesDWJ 211, DWJ211
CompanyDaewoong Pharmaceutical
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Daewoong Pharmaceutical

Therapeutic Indications

deoxycholic acid is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresHead and neck plastic surgery✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of environmental sciences (China)2026-07-25

Environmental-dose chlorpyrifos disrupts gut microbiota and microbial metabolite profiles: An indirect mechanism promoting breast tumor growth.

Yuan Jiahao J, Zhang Jinni J, Lin Zian Z, Cai Zongwei Z

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a persistent organic pollutant prevalent in the environment, has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer through mechanisms that remain incompletely elucidated. Since microorganisms are more susceptible to CPF than animals, this study employed a 24-week exposure mouse model to investigate the impacts of environmental-dose CPF (2 and 20 μg/kg) on gut microbiota (GM), microbial metabolites, and breast tumor growth. Our findings revealed that chronic CPF exposure reduced bacterial α diversity with a significant proliferation of Clostridium and Alloprevotella within the gut. This microbial dysbiosis led to elevated levels of microbial metabolites such as acetate, propionate, and deoxycholic acid in serum and tumor tissues, with increases ranging from 2.14 to 3.18-fold. Notably, CPF exposure was terminated before tumor inoculation, but the altered microbial metabolites continued to promote the tumor growth by reprogramming tumor metabolism. Through untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics analyses, the increased microbial metabolites were found to be strongly associated with a series of enhanced metabolic processes for tumor proliferation, including tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, purine and pyrimidine synthesis, triglyceride degradation, and phospholipid synthesis. This study suggests an indirect mechanism by which CPF exposure promotes the growth of breast tumors, specifically through alterations in GM and microbial metabolite profiles. This underscores the pivotal role of GM-derived metabolites as critical mediators in the toxicity of low-dose pesticide exposure.

PMID 42498388
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PubMedJournal of ethnopharmacology2026-07-25

Da-Jian-Zhong decoction restores the gut-brain balance in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome rats via gut microbiota-bile acid axis.

Gao Huan-Qing HQ, Zhang Ning N, Li Ge-Ning GN, Wen Li L et al.

Da-Jian-Zhong decoction (DJZD), a Chinese medicinal formula, exhibits therapeutic effects in the clinical management of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Accumulating studies have demonstrated that DJZD can regulate the gut-brain balance in IBS-D model rats; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. To explore the potential mechanism by which DJZD restores the gut-brain axis in IBS-D model rats. Firstly, the therapeutic effects of DJZD in IBS-D model rats were evaluated based on the Bristol stool scale, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score, open field test (OFT) behavior, intestinal barrier function, and brain-gut peptide levels. Moreover, alterations in gut microbiota was detected using sequencing of the whole microbial genome. Subsequently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed to explore whether the regulatory effect of DJZD on the gut-brain axis against IBS-D was dependent on gut microbiota. The UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS was utilized to analyze bile acids (BAs) profiles and identify gut microbiota-derived BAs metabolites responsible for the beneficial effects of DJZD. Finally, the role of BAs metabolites in restoring the gut-brain axis was further verified using the IBS-D model rats. Treatment with DJZD not only decreased AWR scores, improved stool score and intestinal barrier function, but also enhanced sucrose preference and changed OFT performance of IBS-D rats. Meanwhile, DJZD normalized the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and substance P (SP) in both the colon and hippocampus. Fecal microbiota harvested from DJZD-treated rats also reversed these IBS-D-associated pathological manifestations. Moreover, DJZD notably elevated the contents of secondary BAs (SBAs) in IBS-D rats, particularly norchenodeoxycholic acid (NorDCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), and 3β-ursodeoxycholic acid (3β-UDCA). The elevated SBAs were positively correlated with the relative abundances of Akkermansia sp., Ruminococcus sp., and Clostridium sp. This could be attributed to the ability of these bacteria to produce bile salt hydrolases (BSH) and 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (7α-HSDH). Additionally, administration with an LCA and DCA mixture was found to improve intestinal and brain dysfunction and restored abnormal 5-HT and SP levels. DJZD restores gut-brain balance in IBS-D rats by regulating gut microbiota-bile acid axis, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for IBS-D via targeting bile acid metabolites and intestinal bacteria.

PMID 42498089
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PubMedCanadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie2026-07-25

Bisphosphonates and glaucoma: a pharmacovigilance signal detection analysis using the FAERS database.

Zhang Yan Y, Huang Yi Hong YH, Xiao Yan Ling YL, Zhu Xin Xing XX et al.

To detect and characterize disproportionality signals between individual bisphosphonates and glaucoma subtypes using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). A retrospective pharmacovigilance disproportionality analysis. Participant data were drawn from adverse event reports from the FAERS database (Q1 2004-Q1 2025). Disproportionality analysis was conducted using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN). Adverse events were coded using Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (version 27.1). A significant signal required ≥3 cases and meeting thresholds (ROR 95% CI lower limit >1, PRR ≥2 with χ² ≥4, or BCPNN IC025 >0). Among 539 reports, significant disproportionality signals were identified for alendronic acid (ROR = 2.42; 95% CI: 2.18-2.70) and pamidronic acid (ROR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.69-2.93) at the group level. Subtype-level signals included alendronic acid with open-angle glaucoma (ROR = 5.67) and normal-tension glaucoma (ROR = 4.60); pamidronic acid with open-angle glaucoma (ROR = 8.62); and risedronic acid with angle-closure glaucoma (ROR = 2.93). Median time-to-onset varied from 10 days (risedronic acid) to 1579 days (pamidronic acid). This pharmacovigilance analysis identifies distinct disproportionality signals linking specific bisphosphonates to different glaucoma subtypes, with heterogeneous time-to-onset patterns. The findings highlight potential safety signals warranting further clinical and mechanistic investigation.

PMID 42498257
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PubMedBritish journal of pharmacology2026-07-25

Rosemary metabolite carnosic acid opens Kv1.1 via its voltage sensor and corrects Kv1.1-linked episodic ataxia in mice.

Manville Rían W RW, Yoshimura Ryan F RF, Nguyen Hanh A HA, Zhao Ruiming R et al.

Episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused primarily by loss-of-function mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.1 (KCNA1). Small molecules that restore Kv1.1 activity hold promise as targeted therapies for EA1, yet current pharmacological strategies remain limited. Two electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology and the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system were used to study effects of carnosic acid, a phenolic diterpene from Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary) leaf extract on Kv1.1-linked EA1 mutant channels. We assessed ataxia therapeutic efficacy by comparing performance of Kcna1+/+ and Kcna1E283K/+ mice, a model of human EA1, on a balance beam under isoproterenol challenge in the absence or presence of 0.3-mg·kg-1 carnosic acid. Rosemary leaf extract and rosemary metabolite carnosic acid are efficacious Kv1.1 openers. Carnosic acid fully or partially corrects heterozygous, heteromeric Kv1.1 EA1 mutant channel activity in vitro and restores normal function in Kv1.1E283K/+ mice at 0.3 mg·kg-1. Experimental validation of unbiased in silico docking reveals carnosic acid occupies a binding pocket between the S1 and S4 helices of the voltage-sensing domain (VSD) of Kv1.1. Finally, we determined the chemical properties that endow carnosic acid with the ability to open Kv1.1 channels. Our findings uncover a Kv1.1 opener with the potential to reverse EA1 and other Kv1.1-linked disorders.

PMID 42498701
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PubMedPoultry science2026-07-25

Dietary glutamine modulates egg albumen and yolk composition in laying quails: effects of age.

Tomaszewska Ewa E, Kasperek Kornel K, Drabik Kamil K, Puzio Iwona I et al.

This study evaluated the effects of dietary l-glutamine (Gln) supplementation on egg composition and amino acid profiles in laying Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). A total of 320 birds were assigned to four dietary treatments containing 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% Gln for 12 wk. Eggs were collected at 12 and 19 wk of age, representing the early and late stages of the peak laying period, for analyses of yolk and albumen composition. Dietary Gln supplementation significantly affected the concentration of several amino acids in both yolk and albumen, although the response depended on bird age and Gln inclusion level. The effects were more pronounced in late peak-lay birds and were generally greatest at moderate supplementation levels (0.5% or 1.0% Gln). In albumen, increasing dietary Gln was associated with selective changes in amino acid composition, whereas yolk amino acid responses showed more evident age-dependent patterns. Proximate composition of egg fractions was affected to a lesser extent than amino acid profiles. Overall, the results indicate that dietary Gln modulates amino acid deposition in egg components in an age-dependent manner rather than uniformly enhancing egg nutritional value. This study demonstrates for the first time that dietary Gln supplementation can alter yolk and albumen amino acid profiles in laying quail, supporting its role as a dietary factor influencing amino acid deposition during different stages of lay.

PMID 42497588
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PubMedTalanta2026-07-25

Towards selective fluorimetric nanospheres sensor for perfluorooctanoic acid anions.

Jelińska Aldona A, Kalisz Justyna J, Maksymiuk Krzysztof K, Michalska Agata A

A fluorimetric approach allowing monitoring of perfluorooctanoic acid anions concentration changes in solution is proposed. The sensing mechanism explored is based on interactions of perfluorooctanoic anions with Nile red dye on the interface of organic liquid (plasticizer) and aqueous solution embedded within the polymeric nanospheres. In the presence of perfluorooctanoic acid a new emission band appears at approximately 660 nm, accompanied by a decrease in the emission characteristic for Nile Red in the organic phase (observed in the absence of the analyte) at ca 600 nm. The ratio of emission intensities recorded was increasing for increasing analyte concentration in the solution within the range from 0.1 to 400 ppm. Interestingly, this behaviour was observed only for perfluorooctanoic acid anions, offering selectivity over other perfluoroalkyl compounds bearing longer side chains, tested in parallel (perfluoroundecanoate and perfluorotetradecanoate anions). Other relatively lipophilic inorganic anions tested (ClO4- or PF6-) were also able to interact with Nile Red within the spheres, as proven by emission spectra change, however at much higher concentrations compared to that of perfluorooctanoic acid anions.

PMID 42497757
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