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tafluprost + timolol maleate (Tapucom / STN 10111 / STN 1011101)

✓ Approved

Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. · ADRB1 · Small Molecule

What is tafluprost + timolol maleate?

tafluprost + timolol maleate is a small molecule developed by Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via others or topical.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesTapucom, STN 10111, STN 1011101
CompanySanten Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetADRB1, ADRB2, PTGFR
RouteOthers, Topical
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

tafluprost + timolol maleate acts on 3 molecular targets:

ADRB1adrenoceptor beta 1 (B1AR, RHR)
ADRB2adrenoceptor beta 2 (ADRBR, B2AR)
PTGFRprostaglandin F receptor (FP)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

tafluprost + timolol maleate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Eye disordersGlaucoma✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of economic entomology2026-11-10

Managing multi-resistant German cockroaches with dinotefuran: toxicity, bait performance, secondary transfer, and residual effectiveness.

Huang Chun-Ting CT, Chen Mei-Er ME, Lee Chow-Yang CY, Neoh Kok-Boon KB

The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (Linnaeus), has evolved resistance to multiple insecticide classes, threatening the effectiveness of management programs. Although dinotefuran has become an alternative for cockroach management, its efficacy against field populations with documented resistance to multiple insecticide classes remains poorly understood. We evaluated dinotefuran susceptibility in 11 field populations from Taiwan and assessed the efficacy of commercial gel bait and residual spray formulations. Topical bioassays revealed reduced susceptibility in 8 populations at the 1× LD95 diagnostic dose, whereas only 2 exhibited reduced susceptibilities at the 3× LD95. Synergism assays demonstrated that piperonyl butoxide completely restored susceptibility in resistant populations, suggesting cytochrome P450 monooxygenases as the detoxification mechanism. Additional effects of S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate and diethyl maleate further suggested that esterases and glutathione-S-transferases also contributed to resistance in some populations. Despite reduced susceptibility in topical bioassays, the commercial dinotefuran gel bait remained highly effective against field populations. Its efficacy persisted after aging, and secondary toxicant transfer through necrophagy caused substantial additional mortality when alternative food was unavailable. Residual sprays induced rapid knockdown and high 24-h mortality in adult males, but efficacy declined with residue age, particularly against adult females after 14 days. These findings indicate that dinotefuran formulations remain useful for German cockroach management despite variation in susceptibility among field populations. Integrating dinotefuran bait with sanitation and rotating insecticides with different modes of action may improve control while helping to delay resistance evolution. Timely reapplication of residual dinotefuran spray is necessary to maintain satisfactory control.

PMID 43008798
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PubMedMacromolecular rapid communications2026-11-09

Polyurethane Toughened Polystyrene With In-Situ Compatibilization and Controlled Hierarchical Microphase Structure by "One-Pot" Cascade Radical and Step-Growth Polymerizations.

Wang Xinpeng X, Wang Guochen G, Zhao Dan D, Cao Han H et al.

The microphase structure of multicomponent and multiphase polymers plays a critical role in determining their properties. A one-pot strategy integrating radical and step-growth polymerizations is developed to prepare polyurethane (PU)/polystyrene (PS) alloy (PUS) with a high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)-like salami morphology. Di-(6-hydroxylhexyl) maleate (HMH) is introduced as a dual-role monomer to form PS-g-PU as a compatibilizer in situ. When dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) was initially mixed with poly(tetramethylene glycol), HMH, 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), and styrene, delaying benzoyl peroxide (BPO) addition allowed the PU particles (0.1∼0.3 µm) to aggregate into larger PU microdomains. In contrast, when BPO was initially mixed with the monomers, delaying DBTDL addition promoted the formation of PS-grafted HMH, followed by their incorporation into PU chains and forming a salami-like morphology. The optimized PUS exhibited a notched impact and tensile strengths of 10.1 kJ/m2 and 45.5 MPa, respectively (9.4 kJ/m2 and 30.9 MPa for commercial HIPS). This work provides a one-pot route for coupling chain-growth and step-growth polymerizations to prepare PUS with controlled phase structures and in-situ compatibilization.

PMID 43000230
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PubMedCirugia pediatrica : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Pediatrica2026-11-06

Topical timolol in the treatment of pediatric pyogenic granuloma: A 23-case series.

Sánchez Pulido L J LJ, Vega Mata N N, Enríquez Zarabozo E M EM, Granell Suárez C C et al.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common benign vascular lesion in pediatric patients, characterized by rapid growth and a tendency to bleed. Surgical excision allows immediate resolution and histological confirmation, with low recurrence when including the base of the lesion, although it may require anesthesia and leave a scar. Topical timolol has emerged as a conservative alternative in selected patients. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical timolol 0.5% in the treatment of PG in pediatric patients. Retrospective case series of 23 pediatric patients (4 months-13 years) diagnosed with PG and treated between 2018 and 2024 with a 0.5% timolol formulation applied topically over the lesion as an off-label use. Demographic and clinical variables, treatment duration, final response, need for surgery, recurrence, and documented adverse events were analyzed. Ten patients (43.5%) achieved complete or near-complete resolution of the lesion, 6 (26.1%) showed a partial response at the end of treatment or prior to surgery, 5 (21.7%) did not respond or exhibited progression, and 2 (8.7%) were still receiving treatment at data cutoff. Twelve patients completed treatment without surgery; at cutoff, 14 (60.9%) had not undergone surgery, including the 2 cases still under treatment. Nine patients (39.1%) required surgery. No recurrences were documented among patients with complete or near-complete resolution during available follow-up, and no adverse events attributable to treatment were recorded. Topical timolol 0.5% can be considered an initial conservative alternative in selected pediatric patients, especially when avoiding or deferring surgery or anesthesia is desired. Surgery remains a definitive option, offering immediate resolution and the possibility of histological confirmation. Prospective comparative studies are needed to define more precisely the role of timolol compared to surgical treatment.

PMID 42992436
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PubMedACS omega2026-11-06

Antifibrinolytic Agent: Synthesis and Characterization of Cocrystal and Salts of Tranexamic Acid.

Dayo Owoyemi Bolaji C BC, Adehinmoye Adedamola E AE, Zeller Matthias M, de Araujo Gabriel L B GLB et al.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a potent antifibrinolytic agent with poor oral bioavailability (∼35-40%) due to its high polarity and zwitterionic nature, while physicochemical factors, including its structural instability, further hinder its absorption. In this study, the crystal engineering concept is applied to enhance the physicochemical properties of TXA through targeted structural modifications, resulting in the synthesis of pharmaceutically stable cocrystal and salt forms. The application of supramolecular synthon design, pK a rule, and structural geometry (molecular mimicry), resulted in the rational design, synthesis, and structural characterization of eight binary multicomponent forms of TXA: a TXA-adipate salt, monoclinic space group P2 1/n; a TXA-salicylate salt, monoclinic space group P2 1/n; a TXA-picolinate salt, monoclinic space group P2 1/c; a TXA-acetaminophen cocrystal hydrate, monoclinic space group P2 1; a TXA-malonate salt, orthorhombic space group Pbca; a TXA-maleate salt hydrate, monoclinic space group P2 1/c; a TXA-malate salt, monoclinic space group P2 1/c; and a TXA-citrate salt, triclinic space group P1̅ These multicomponent forms were obtained via different hydrogen bonding interactions, some of them charge-assisted (N-H···O, N+-H···O-, O-H···O, and O-H···O-) between NH2 and/or -OH groups of TXA and the carboxyl (-C-(O-)O) functional groups of the coformers. In the cocrystals, TXA exists as zwitterions (zero charge), whereas in the salts, it carries a positive charge due to the protonation of its carboxylic (-COOH) and ammonium (-NH3 +) groups. The NH3 + to COO- charge-assisted H-bond provides stabilization to both the coformer COO- as well as the TXA's NH3 +. Solid-state characterization using Raman and FT-Raman spectroscopy, thermal techniques (DSC), and X-ray diffraction analysis (powder and single-crystal XRD) supports and confirms the structural novelty. The superior stability profiles of the new TXA cocrystal and salts under standard conditions (40 °C ± 2 °C, 75% ± 5% RH) establish an improved structure-property profile compared to pure TXA.

PMID 42992058
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PubMedIndian journal of pediatrics2026-11-05

Vision-Threatening Giant Hemifacial Infantile Hemangioma Successfully Treated with Oral Propranolol and Topical Timolol.

Sarkar Sumantra S, Bandyopadhyay Rakhi R, Raza Arsalan A

PMID 42986507
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PubMedPediatric dermatology2026-11-04

Clinical Outcomes of Nasal Tip Infantile Hemangiomas: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Belmesk Lina L, Coulombe Jerome J, Powell Julie J, Tehrany Yassaman Alipour YA et al.

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common vascular tumors in infancy. Nasal tip infantile hemangiomas (NTIH) are associated with high-risk disfigurement and long-term sequelae. Despite widespread use of propranolol, optimal management of NTIH remains incompletely defined. A retrospective cohort study included patients with NTIH evaluated between 2003 and 2019 at a pediatric referral center. Inclusion required confirmed diagnosis by two pediatric dermatologists, available clinical photographs, and ≥ 6 months of follow-up. Data collected included demographics, IH subtype, treatments, adverse events, and sequelae at 3 years old. Propranolol-treated patients were stratified by dose (≤ 2.5 vs. > 2.5 mg/kg/day). Fifty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. Propranolol was prescribed in 72.4% (n = 42), with a mean duration of 16.0 months. Adverse effects were predominantly mild (sleep disturbances, 20.7%). At 3 years of age, sequelae, particularly fibroadipose tissue, were significantly less frequent in propranolol-treated patients compared to those untreated (42.9% vs. 91.8%, p = 0.005; overall sequelae: 67.9% vs. 100%, p = 0.037). Sequelae rates did not differ between low- and high-dose propranolol groups. Combined propranolol and topical timolol was associated with increased telangiectatic sequelae, likely reflecting treatment selection bias. No association was found between IH subtype and sequelae. Systemic propranolol was associated with fewer long-term sequelae in NTIH, particularly fibroadipose tissue. A lower dose of 2 mg/kg/day appears sufficient in most cases. Topical timolol may provide limited additional benefit and should not delay propranolol initiation. These findings support early systemic propranolol as the standard of care in NTIH management.

PMID 42978517
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