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meningococcus B & C vaccine

✓ Approved

Abivax · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is meningococcus B & C vaccine?

meningococcus B & C vaccine is a vaccine developed by Abivax. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

CompanyAbivax
Drug ClassVaccine
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Abivax

Therapeutic Indications

meningococcus B & C vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsMeningococcal bacteraemia✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2026-05-24

Vaccine-expanded plasmablast-like B cells are associated with response to dendritic cell therapy in metastatic melanoma.

Tazzari Marcella M, Carloni Silvia S, Bulgarelli Jenny J, Pignatta Sara S et al.

Dendritic Cell Vaccines (DCVax) can induce tumor-specific immune responses, yet their clinical activity remains limited and poorly understood. We sought to identify cellular and molecular features within the vaccine product that are associated with clinical response to monocyte-derived DC vaccines in metastatic melanoma. We performed a multi-omics analysis integrating multiparametric flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing of DCVax products, transcriptomic profiling of CD14⁺ monocytes from apheresis, and in situ characterization of pre-treatment melanoma biopsies. Patients were stratified into Responders (Rs) or Non-Responders (NRs) based on best overall response and Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) status. An unanticipated population of CD19⁺ plasmablast-like B cells was identified within the final DCVax products. These B cells, phenotypically distinct from their circulating precursors, were significantly enriched in Rs and mirrored a B-cell-inflamed baseline state characterized by mature Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (mTLS) in pre-treatment tumor lesions. While mature LAMP3⁺ DCs appeared at comparable frequencies across outcomes, LAMP3⁺ DCs from Rs selectively upregulated HSPA1A/B, consistent with enhanced antigen-processing programs. Transcriptomic signatures of antibody production in vaccine-resident B cells, together with Fc receptor expression on DCs, support a model in which B-cell activity may contribute to antigen loading and DC functional tuning during vaccine manufacturing, a hypothesis that warrants functional validation. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized B-cell component of DCVax biology, suggesting that cooperative DC-B-cell interactions, combined with baseline B-cell/mTLS features, may contribute to shaping vaccine immunogenicity. While causality cannot be established from the present data, these insights offer actionable avenues for enhancing both vaccine manufacturing and patient selection, extending beyond melanoma.

PMID 42177548
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PubMedVaccine2026-05-24

Consultation report - gonococcal immunoassays and standards for vaccine development.

MacLennan C A CA, Davis P P, Gottlieb S L SL, Seib K L KL et al.

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection with adverse outcomes for sexual, reproductive and neonatal health. Additionally, the bacterium, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, has demonstrated increasing resistance against multiple classes of antimicrobials, making combatting gonorrhoea a priority for the World Health Organization. An effective vaccine would have substantial global public health benefit and a major impact on the silent pandemic of antimicrobial resistance. Several candidate gonococcal vaccines, representing a number of vaccine platforms, are in pre-clinical development. In addition, a number of clinical studies are underway to assess the efficacy of the meningococcal group B vaccine, 4CMenB, against gonorrhoea. A major challenge in comparing gonococcal vaccine candidates and vaccine-induced immune responses is the lack of standardised and harmonised immunoassays. At present, immunogenicity of the different vaccine formulations is measured through assays which have been developed independently in different laboratories. As the development of candidate gonococcal vaccines moves into clinical trials, improved harmonisation in the measurement of immunogenicity is key for comparing vaccine responses across trials. This requires international standards, including an international serum standard for gonococcal immunoassays, and a panel of standard target strains, which are currently lacking. A further complication is the lack of knowledge about immune correlates of protection against gonorrhoea, and, therefore, the most appropriate assays to use to assess the immune response to a candidate vaccine. As further data are gathered from clinical studies exploring protection against gonorrhoea provided by 4CMenB, it may be possible to discern correlates of protection, but this also requires standardised assays. A workshop was held at Keble College, Oxford, United Kingdom in April 2024, with participation from vaccine developers, regulators and assay standardisation specialists. Its goal was to advance discussions on gonococcal immunoassay standardisation priorities, including generation of a gonococcal international reference serum. The meeting discussion, outcomes and recommendations are outlined in this report.

PMID 42176439
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PubMedVaccine2026-05-24

Evaluation of EcoCRM, virus-like particles, and mRNA as vaccine platforms against Borrelia burgdorferi.

Rocuskie-Marker Carleena M CM, Huckaby Annalisa B AB, Conaway Olivia M OM, Pyles Gage M GM et al.

Lyme disease (LD) is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in the United States, impacting ∼476,000 individuals annually with increasing incidence. Prevention relies on personal protective measures such as insecticides and tick checks, underscoring the need for new preventatives such as vaccines. In this work, the importance of vaccine platform in LD vaccine development efforts was evaluated using non-lipidated OspA as model antigen. Recombinant OspA conjugated to CRM197 (EcoCRM OspA), a virus-like particle vaccine utilizing SpyTag and SpyCatcher (OspA-SpyVLP), and an mRNA-based vaccine construct (OspA mRNA) were evaluated and compared in C3H mice using the needle injection challenge model. To determine immunogenicity, anti-OspA and anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies were quantified via ELISA and further assessed by measuring IgG subclass, antibody avidity, and presence of antibody secreting cells. All vaccine formulations were immunogenic and led to the release of similar levels of antigen-specific IgG in serum during the duration of the experiment. However, there were significant differences around two week post-boost in the presence of antibody secreting cells, ratio of IgG1/IgG2 subclasses, and antibody avidity between platforms. Protection was measured using PCR and darkfield microscopy to determine organ positivity post-challenge. Vaccination with recombinant non-lipidated OspA and OspA-SpyVLP significantly reduced the number of positive organs compared to the PBS challenged control group. Lastly, in vitro borreliacidal activity was quantified via darkfield microscopy and the highest borreliacidal activity was observed using OspA-SpyVLP sera, with titers 16-fold higher than recombinant OspA. Altogether, these data indicated that selection of vaccine platform/formulation influenced the immunogenicity and efficacy of OspA-based LD vaccines and should be considered during development.

PMID 42176436
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PubMedFish & shellfish immunology2026-05-24

Preparation and application of IgM monoclonal antibodies in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).

Qiu Jiamin J, Zhang Jialin J, Qian Xiaorui X, Wu Jiong J et al.

In this study, the native IgM of half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), an economically important marine flatfish, were purified, and used as the immunogen for preparation of monoclonal antibody (mAb). Based on the mAbs, double-antibody sandwich ELISA was constructed for the detection of IgM in C. semilaevis serum and capture ELISA were established for vaccine efficacy evaluation. Results showed that two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specifically targeting IgM of half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) were successfully obtained (designated as 3A12 and 5F39). The mAbs exhibited high specificity to native C. semilaevis IgM, without cross-reactivity with IgM from other teleost species. Furthermore, a double-antibody sandwich ELISA was further established for the detection of serum IgM in C. semilaevis with the mAbs pair, which showed a linear detection range of 0.156-10 μg/mL for purified IgM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.313 μg/mL. Using the developed sandwich ELISA, it was found that the IgM level in large-sized fish was significantly higher than that in small-sized fish, and immunostimulants could remarkably enhance the IgM level in fish. Moreover, the specific IgM antibody levels in the serum of C. semilaevis after immunization with inactivated Vibrio vulnificus were analyzed by capture ELISA using mAb 5F39 as the detection antibody, a time-dependent variation trend was found in the specific IgM antibody titer among the immunized group. In conclusion, the mAbs targeting C. semilaevis IgM could specifically and efficiently recognize the native IgM protein, and served as a reliable tool for the detection of serum IgM, providing essential technical support for immune status assessment and vaccine development in C. semilaevis aquaculture.

PMID 42176789
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PubMedFish & shellfish immunology2026-05-24

Evaluation of the Immunological Efficacy of EsxA Subunit Vaccine and DNA Vaccine against Streptococcus iniae in golden pompano (Trachinotus anak).

Huang Zhiyuan Z, Sun Heng H, Wang Haoyu H, Jia Xinlei X et al.

Streptococcus iniae represents an important bacterial agent responsible for streptococcosis in marine fish, leading to substantial economic impacts in aquaculture worldwide. The development of effective vaccines is therefore a critical priority. EsxA, a conserved early-secreted and homolog of antigenic target six (ESAT-6), is involved in bacterial virulence and mediates interactions between the pathogen and its host via the type VII secretion system. In this work, EsxA was examined as a prospective vaccine antigen in golden pompano (Trachinotus anak) using both subunit and DNA vaccination strategies. Recombinant EsxA protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and administered intraperitoneally as a subunit vaccine, either alone or formulated with the oil-based adjuvant Montanide ISA 763A. Concurrently, a DNA vaccine was developed by cloning the complete esxA gene into the pVAX1 vector. Vaccinated fish were subjected to challenge with S. iniae at 8 weeks post-immunization to evaluate protective efficacy and assess the host's innate and adaptive immune responses. A high level of protection against S. iniae challenge was achieved with the EsxA-based subunit vaccine, particularly when formulated with adjuvant ISA 763A, whereas the DNA vaccine elicited moderate yet statistically significant protection. Immunological profiling revealed robust antigen-specific IgM production following subunit vaccination, while DNA vaccination significantly upregulated transcription of key immune-related genes associated with antigen presentation and cellular immunity, including MHC class I and CD8α. Furthermore, nonspecific immune parameters, including catalase, lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase activity and superoxide dismutase, were significantly elevated following vaccination, indicating potent activation of innate immune defense. Collectively, EsxA is a promising vaccine candidate against S. iniae in T. anak, and different vaccine platforms elicit distinct immune response profiles that may inform future vaccine optimization in marine aquaculture.

PMID 42176785
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PubMedActa tropica2026-05-24

Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of merozoite surface protein 1 C-terminal 42 kDa in Vietnamese Plasmodium vivax isolates.

Nguyễn Đăng Thùy Dương ĐTD, Nguyễn Thu Hằng TH, Võ Tuấn Cường TC, Lê Hương Giang HG et al.

Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-1 (PvMSP-1) is a major surface protein of merozoites and plays crucial roles in erythrocyte invasion by merozoites. PvMSP-1 undergoes sequential proteolytic cleavages during erythrocyte invasion, resulting in four fragments of 82, 30, 38, and 42 kDa. The carboxy-terminal 42 kDa fragment (PvMSP-142) is further cleaved into two smaller fragments of 33 kDa (PvMSP-133) and 19 kDa (PvMSP-119). PvMSP-142 is an attractive vaccine candidate since it induces antibody production in naturally exposed humans, and specific antibodies against this region inhibit merozoite invasion. However, the genetic polymorphisms of PvMSP-142 reported in global P. vivax isolates emphasize the importance of molecular surveillance for the vaccine candidate. In this study, we analyzed genetic polymorphism profiles and natural selection in PvMSP-142 from 88 Vietnamese P. vivax isolates collected in four malaria-endemic provinces in Vietnam. Vietnamese PvMSP-142 exhibited genetic polymorphisms resulting from nucleotide substitutions and meiotic recombination, and balancing selection might preserve the diversity of the gene. Most polymorphic sites were identified in PvMSP-133, while PvMSP-119 was relatively well-conserved. Global PvMSP-142 displayed similar, but not identical, polymorphic features and natural selection profiles. No geographical clustering was identified. Nevertheless, PvMSP-119 was well-conserved across global populations. These findings expand our understanding of the genetic structure and evolutionary dynamics of PvMSP-142, and provide valuable information for developing an effective malaria vaccine based on the protein.

PMID 42176723
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