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meningococcus B & C vaccine

✓ Approved

Abivax · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is meningococcus B & C vaccine?

meningococcus B & C vaccine is a vaccine developed by Abivax. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

CompanyAbivax
Drug ClassVaccine
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Abivax

Therapeutic Indications

meningococcus B & C vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsMeningococcal bacteraemia✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedImmunological reviews2026-07-25

The Dual Role of Preexisting Immunity in Influenza: Protective Recall Versus Constraint of Novel Responses.

Fox Annette A, Zhu Ziheng Z, Sánchez-Ovando Stephany S

Preexisting immunity to influenza confers rapid protection against antigenically matched viruses but can also constrain responses to drifted variants. This review asks when and why prior infection or vaccination is protective versus detrimental, and which biological mechanisms-epitope masking by circulating antibody, inhibitory FcγRIIb signaling, and competitive dominance by affinity-matured memory B cells-drive these outcomes. We synthesize human cohort, serological, and vaccine-effectiveness data with mechanistic mouse and fate-mapping studies to explore how vaccine formulation, antigen dose, antigenic distance and T cell help modulate the balance between memory recall and recruitment of naïve B cells. Finally, we outline strategies (higher dose, adjuvants, multivalent display, and considered strain selection) to restore de novo responses against escape epitopes and improve vaccine performance.

PMID 42499177
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PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Defining the Efficacy of Meningococcal B Vaccines Against Gonococcal Acquisition: The Current Landscape.

Seib Kate L KL, Grulich Andrew E AE

Gonorrhoea is a major global sexually transmitted infection, with rising incidence and increasing antimicrobial resistance threatening current control strategies. If untreated, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can lead to severe reproductive health sequelae. Gonorrhoea is also linked to increased HIV acquisition and transmission. There is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent gonorrhoea. However, observational evidence suggests that outer membrane vesicle-based serogroup B meningococcal vaccines, including the four-component meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine, confer partial cross-protection against gonorrhoea. We discuss observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on defining the efficacy of 4CMenB against gonorrhoea. Observational studies from multiple settings have reported an association between receipt of 4CMenB vaccine and reduced gonorrhoea risk, with a meta-analysis estimating a 38% reduction in risk. Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae are closely related bacteria that share numerous antigens, making cross-protection biologically plausible. Based on observational data, 4CMenB immunization programmes have been implemented in two countries with the aim of preventing gonorrhoea. However, three RCTs have recently shown that 4CMenB is not effective in preventing gonorrhoea in gay, bisexual and other men at high risk of acquisition. Several RCTs are ongoing, looking at efficacy in different populations, including women and people at lower risk of acquisition. The different outcomes between the observational studies and RCTs may be due to a range of known and unknown confounding factors, and differences in the populations considered in the different studies. Current evidence from RCTs does not support the use of 4CMenB to prevent gonorrhoea in gay and bisexual men at high risk of acquisition. Results from ongoing RCTs will be critical to determine whether vaccine efficacy varies by population or epidemiological context and to inform future gonorrhoea vaccine policy and development.

PMID 42499182
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PubMedCell host & microbe2026-07-25

Engineering oral commensal nanovaccines to activate mucosal-systemic immune cascades against tumor.

Dong Zirong Z, Li Shuyan S, Wei Yuning Y, Zhao Jiaxin J et al.

Mucosal immunity-the body's frontline defense, harboring 80% of the body's immune cells-represents a potent yet underexploited avenue for cancer vaccination. Here, we developed an oral biohybrid vaccine platform by integrating tumor antigen-loaded liposomes with fimbriae-enriched bacteria (Escherichia coli or VNP20009) through bacterial hitchhiking or membrane hybridization. These biohybrids promote mucosal antigen delivery via glycoprotein 2 (GP2)-mediated microfold-cell (M-cell) transcytosis, enhancing antigen cross-presentation and activation of a mucosa-periphery-tumor immune cascade. Bacterial membrane-hybridized vaccines outperform bacteria-hitchhiking counterparts by reconfiguring dendritic cell (DC) subsets within gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) and triggering C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7)-dependent immune cell trafficking, thereby propagating mucosal immune activation toward distal tumor microenvironment (TME) reprogramming and tumor control. When combined with PD-1 blockade, this strategy enhances antitumor efficacy by promoting effector cell mobilization and establishing memory against tumor rechallenge. Collectively, these findings position bacteria-derived arsenal biohybrids as a versatile oral vaccine strategy, advancing mucosal immunotherapy for cancer.

PMID 42497859
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PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Potential Use of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Vaccines to Prevent Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection: Epidemiological Considerations.

Gottlieb Sami L SL, Rowley Jane J, Balibrea Nuria N, Caugant Dominique A DA et al.

Clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines in preventing gonorrhoea. We assessed the global epidemiology of gonorrhoea and MenB invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) and reviewed national MenB-OMV vaccination policies to inform potential use of these vaccines. We included country-specific epidemiologic data from 2015 through October 2025. Gonorrhoea prevalence data for general populations of women were extracted from published systematic reviews and case reports taken from well-established reporting systems. Country-specific MenB IMD incidence rates were drawn from published reviews and surveillance reports. National MenB-OMV immunization policies were obtained from published reviews and databases from the World Health Organization and vaccine manufacturers. Forty-two countries had ≥1 gonorrhoea prevalence study. Mean prevalence was <1.0% in 19 (45%) countries, 1.0%-2.49% in 10 (24%), 2.5%-4.99% in 10 (24%) and ≥5% in three (7%), with higher prevalences mostly in the WHO African Region. MenB IMD incidence was reported in 62 countries: 17 (27%), mainly in the WHO African Region, had no cases; 28 (45%) had incidence <0.25/100,000; 14 (23%) had incidence 0.25-0.49/100,000; and only three had incidence ≥0.5/100,000 annually. Only 15 countries had data for both conditions. Case-report data showed gonorrhoea incidence peaking at ages 20-24 and being substantially higher among men who have sex with men (MSM). MenB IMD incidence was highest among children <4 years, with a second peak among 15- to 24-year-olds in some countries. Twenty-one countries incorporated MenB-OMV vaccines into infant immunization programmes and seven into adolescent programmes. One country had a targeted MenB-OMV vaccination programme (MSM at high-risk) for gonorrhoea prevention. Epidemiologic data were lacking in many countries; only a handful had a substantial burden of both gonorrhoea and MenB IMD. Low- and middle-income countries with high gonorrhoea prevalence typically reported no MenB IMD or lacked data, whereas high-income countries with higher MenB IMD incidence and MenB-OMV vaccine use had low gonorrhoea prevalence but high rates in subpopulations like MSM. If trials confirm MenB-OMV vaccine cross-protection against gonorrhoea, global epidemiology can help identify settings and populations for potential vaccine use against gonococcal infection alone, or for both conditions. Improved data collection and cost-effectiveness analyses across both conditions can further inform decision-making.

PMID 42499206
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PubMedJournal of the International AIDS Society2026-07-25

Vaccination Coverage and Prevention Counselling for Vaccine-Preventable STIs Among HIV PrEP Users in São Paulo, Brazil: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Rapozo Marjorie Marini MM, Lara Amanda Nazareth AN, Passarelli Victor Cabelho VC, Ramos Laísa Rivas Dapousa LRD et al.

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users may be disproportionately vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in general, including several that are vaccine-preventable. Understanding immunization patterns in this population is, therefore, crucial. However, data on vaccination coverage among Brazilian PrEP users remains limited. We conducted a retrospective single-centre study of adults using HIV PrEP at an STI clinic in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2017 and 2024, to assess vaccination adequacy for vaccine-preventable STIs among PrEP users, as well as other STI prevention measures during follow-up. Demographic characteristics, substance use, STI history and vaccination status for hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), human papillomavirus (HPV) and MPox were extracted from medical records, immunization registries and laboratory results, and descriptive analyses were performed. Among 190 participants (median age: 36 years), 89.5% were gay or other men who have sex with men (MSM). Over a mean follow-up period of 45 months, complete vaccination coverage was observed in 97.7% for HBV, 49.5% for HAV, 24.2% for HPV and 1.6% for MPox. Despite documented prior vaccination, a proportion of participants remained susceptible to HAV (16.3%) and HBV (2.3%). Furthermore, a substantial proportion of participants (32.1% for HAV, 53.7% for HPV and 81.0% for MPox) had neither a documented vaccination status nor a provider recommendation for vaccination recorded in their medical charts. HPV- and MPox-related clinical lesions were documented in 17.9% and 2.1% of participants, respectively. Notable gaps in immunization against preventable STIs were observed in this PrEP cohort in São Paulo, Brazil. While HBV coverage was high, uptake of HAV, HPV and MPox vaccines was low. Addressing these gaps in our cohort requires transitioning from mere provider recommendations to structural public health policies. Implementing on-site vaccine administration within PrEP services, integrating immunization into STI screening, expanding free access and addressing key vulnerabilities are critical steps to eliminate structural barriers and reduce the STI burden.

PMID 42499158
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PubMedFrontiers in pediatrics2026-07-25

Value of thyroid volume as a complementary indicator for initial levothyroxine dosing in congenital hypothyroidism: a retrospective cohort study.

Zhang Yuling Y, Liu Qingbiao Q, Luo Huichang H, Lin Baoan B et al.

This study aimed to generate hypotheses on the effectiveness and safety of pre-treatment thyroid volume as an adjunctive parameter for guiding initial levothyroxine (L-T4) dosing in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This retrospective study included children diagnosed with CH at Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Hospital (2021-2023). Based on first follow-up ultrasound thyroid volume, patients were divided into reduced (A, n = 6), normal (B, n = 48), and enlarged (C, n = 19) groups. Initial L-T4 doses were 11-13 μg/kg/d (A), 6-9 (B), and 9-11 (C). Outcomes included time to thyroid function normalization, L-T4 dose requirements, physical growth, and Gesell Developmental Quotient (DQ) up to 24 months of age. At screening and before treatment, both Group A and Group C had significantly higher TSH levels and lower FT4 levels than Group B (all P < 0.001). In Group C, thyroid volume showed a significant positive correlation with pre-treatment TSH (r = 0.705, P < 0.001) and a non-significant negative correlation with FT4 (r = -0.440, P = 0.060). The median time to TSH normalization was 28 days (IQR 28-29.75) in Group A, 14 days (IQR 14-14) in Group B, and 14 days (IQR 14-28) in Group C; FT4 normalization was achieved at 14 days in all groups. Although there were significant differences in L-T4 dose requirements among the three groups (Group A > Group C > Group B), no significant differences in body weight, length/height, or DQ were observed between any CH group and the healthy control group within 24 months of age (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that children with CH and abnormal thyroid volume may require higher initial L-T4 doses and a longer time to TSH normalization. Based on these observations, we propose the following hypothesis: thyroid volume, as an adjunct to thyroid function tests in guiding initial dosing regimens, holds certain research value in clinical practice. Future prospective, multicenter, and large-sample studies are required to validate this hypothesis.

PMID 42499564
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