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interferon beta-1b (Infibeta)

✓ Approved

Generium Pharmaceutical · Recombinant Proteins · Recombinant Proteins

What is interferon beta-1b?

interferon beta-1b is a recombinant proteins developed by Generium Pharmaceutical. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesInfibeta
CompanyGenerium Pharmaceutical
Drug ClassRecombinant Proteins
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Generium Pharmaceutical

Therapeutic Indications

interferon beta-1b is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Nervous system disordersMultiple sclerosis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedAdvances in protein chemistry and structural biology2026-05-24

Identification of common hub genes and pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus and cervical cancer using bioinformatics approach.

Loganathan Tamizhini T, Madhulekha S S, Zayed Hatem H, C George Priya Doss GPD

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition characterized by multifactorial pathogenesis involving dysregulated immune responses. It has been associated with an elevated risk of various cancers, notably cervical cancer (CC), one of the most common cancers in women globally. Despite this association, the molecular mechanisms linking SLE and CC remain incompletely defined. To investigate this intersection, we employed integrative bioinformatics approaches to analyze transcriptomic datasets relevant to both SLE and CC, including GSE112087, GSE154851, GSE46907, GSE49454, GSE50772, GSE63514, GSE64217, GSE63678, GSE7803, and GSE9750 . We performed differential gene expression analysis, constructed Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks, and carried out functional annotation to pinpoint pivotal hub genes and signaling pathways implicated in both diseases. Our analysis revealed significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SLE, predominantly associated with cytokine and interferon alpha/beta signaling pathways, as well as the innate immune response. Notable hub genes included MX1, ISG15, and STAT1. In CC, DEGs were chiefly enriched in the mitotic cell cycle and cytokine signaling processes, with CDK1 and DLGAP5 standing out as key hub genes. The cross-disease analysis identified shared DEGs between SLE and CC, particularly in the interferon-alpha/beta and cytokine signaling pathways. This suggests a shared molecular architecture that underlies both autoimmune and cancer pathogenesis. Our study underscores the common molecular pathways between SLE and CC, highlighting the significance of interferon and cytokine signaling in the pathogenesis of both diseases. These insights set the stage for future research into potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of both SLE and CC.

PMID 42177067
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PubMedHepatology international2026-05-24

Safety, pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of AHB‑137 in healthy volunteers and chronic hepatitis B patients: a phase 1a/1b study.

Wang Wen W, Mai Jiajia J, Hou Jinlin J, Xu Zhongyuan Z et al.

AHB-137 is a novel antisense oligonucleotide targeting a conserved 3'-terminal region of HBV mRNA. This phase 1a/1b study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antiviral activity of AHB-137 in Chinese healthy volunteers (HVs) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In Phase 1a, 52 HVs received single ascending doses (75-450 mg) or multiple ascending doses (MAD; 150 or 300 mg) of AHB-137 or placebo. In Phase 1b, 20 HBeAg-negative, nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA)-suppressed CHB patients with baseline HBsAg 100-1000 IU/mL received MAD AHB-137 (150 or 300 mg) or placebo (8:2), and 2 patients with baseline HBsAg 1000-3000 IU/mL received open-label AHB-137 300 mg. MAD comprised 6 subcutaneous doses over 4 weeks including loading doses on Days 4 and 11, with safety, PK and virologic follow-up assessments. No serious adverse events, deaths or discontinuations occurred. Most treatment-related adverse events were Grade 1-2, including injection site reactions, pyrexia, and asymptomatic lab abnormalities. Transaminase elevations were self-limiting; one Grade 3 ALT elevation in the 300 mg CHB cohort coincided with rapid HBsAg loss. PK showed rapid absorption (Tmax 3-5 h), dose-proportionality, and a terminal half-life of 128-195 h without meaningful accumulation. In CHB patients, 4 weeks of AHB-137 induced dose-dependent HBsAg reductions (mean maximum - 1.1 vs. - 2.1 log10 IU/mL at 150 vs. 300 mg), 50.0% of the 300 mg cohort achieved ≥ 2 log10 IU/mL reduction. Preliminary HBsAg loss was observed in a small subset of patients during follow-up. AHB-137 demonstrated favorable safety, predictable PK, and dose-dependent HBsAg reductions, including HBsAg loss, supporting its further development for CHB functional cure. ClinicalTrials.gov. number: NCT06115993. Chinadrugtrials.org.cn. number: CTR20232098.

PMID 42176239
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PubMedAdvances in protein chemistry and structural biology2026-05-24

Transcriptomic profiling reveals immune pathway dysregulation and key interferon-responsive genes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Selvam Prasanna Kumar PK, Mohan Supraja S, Vasudevan Karthick K

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, multi-organ involvement, and a strong type I interferon (IFN) signature. To elucidate immune-specific molecular drivers of SLE, we performed transcriptomic profiling using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from 117 samples (99 SLE patients, 18 healthy controls) obtained from the European Nucleotide Archive (PRJNA294187). Following quality control, alignment to GRCh38, and read quantification, differential expression analysis with DESeq2 identified 2150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1361 upregulated and 789 downregulated genes (FDR<0.01, |log₂FC=>1). Reactome pathway enrichment isolated 41 immune-related DEGs enriched in cytokine signaling, interferon response, antigen processing, and innate immune activation. Notably, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) such as EIF2AK2, ISG15, CXCL10, CXCL11, IFI44L, RSAD2, and HERC5 emerged as central nodes in immune regulatory networks. Gene Ontology analysis highlighted overactivation of defense response, chemokine-mediated cell trafficking, and Jak-STAT signaling pathways typically induced by viral infection but aberrantly sustained in SLE, driving chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Several genes, including HERC5, HERC6, and IL5RA, exhibited regulatory roles in ubiquitination and cytokine receptor signaling, suggesting potential as biomarkers for disease activity. These findings support targeting type I IFN signaling and related immune circuits as therapeutic strategies, aligning with emerging clinical success of IFN-blockade in SLE. By prioritizing immune-focused DEGs and integrating pathway-level interpretation, our study refines the transcriptomic landscape of SLE and provides actionable molecular insights for precision medicine approaches aimed at disease modulation and patient stratification.

PMID 42177068
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PubMedKidney international2026-05-24

Role of the Post-translational ISGylation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 9 in Diabetes-Induced Podocyte Injury.

Lv Zhimei Z, Hu Jinxiu J, Lang Yating Y, Fan Xiaoting X et al.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of kidney failure, with podocyte injury being a key event in its progression. Here, by performing single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering analysis between DKD and normal kidney samples, we found a significant increase in interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) transcriptional activity in the podocytes of DKD kidneys. However, the role of IRF9 in DKD remains poorly understood. Kidney tissue from patients with DKD and high glucose-cultured conditionally immortalized human podocyte cell line (HPC) were employed to investigate IRF9 expression and localization. RNA sequencing was performed to elucidate the role of IRF9 in podocyte injury. Co-immunoprecipitation, in-situ proximity ligation assay, and surface plasmon resonance were performed to confirm the binding between IRF9 and interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15). ISGylation and ubiquitination assays were used to examine the potential effects of ISG15 on IRF9 expression. Podocyte-specific IRF9 deletion and overexpression mice and podocyte-specific ISG15 knockdown mice were established to assess kidney injury in vivo. IRF9 protein expression was increased in the podocytes of patients with DKD, without changes in IRF9 mRNA expression, and IRF9 expression was negatively correlated with eGFR and positively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein. In cultured human podocytes, high glucose conditions stimulated IRF9 protein expression without affecting IRF9 mRNA expression. Silencing IRF9 alleviated high glucose-induced podocyte injury, whereas IRF9 overexpression exacerbated podocyte injury. IRF9 induced podocyte injury via inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Interestingly, high glucose exposure increased IRF9 protein expression by stimulating ISG15 expression, which promoted IRF9 ISGylation and subsequently inhibited IRF9 ubiquitination to increase IRF9 protein stability. In vivo, the podocyte-specific deletion of IRF9 or podocyte-specific knockdown of ISG15 attenuated podocyte and glomerular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice fed a high-fat diet; in contrast, the podocyte-specific overexpression of IRF9 exacerbated podocyte and glomerular injury in these diabetic mice. Targeting ISG15-IRF9 could be a potential novel therapy for podocyte injury in DKD.

PMID 42176776
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PubMedNutrition and health2026-05-24

Caffeine addiction symptoms mediate the link of depression and anxiety to psychotic experiences in the general population of young adults.

Fekih-Romdhane Feten F, Hallit Rabih R, Malaeb Diana D, Sakr Fouad F et al.

BackgroundTo date, the mechanisms that underlie the relationship between the onset of anxiety/depression symptoms and the risk of developing psychotic experiences (PEs) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of depression and anxiety on PEs through the mediating role of caffeine addiction symptoms.MethodIn total, 1447 young adults from the general population of Tunisia, aged 18-35 years, enrolled in this cross-sectional study and filled an online survey. A mixed convenience and snowball sampling technique was used to collect data.ResultsCaffeine addiction symptoms partially mediated the associations between depression and PEs and between anxiety and PEs. Depression and anxiety scores were associated with higher caffeine addiction symptoms (Beta = 0.37; p < 0.001 and Beta = 0.38; p < 0.001, respectively). In turn, caffeine addiction symptoms were associated with higher PEs (Beta = 0.29; p < 0.001 and Beta = 0.30; p < 0.001, respectively). Depression and anxiety scores were directly associated with PEs (Beta = 0.36; p < 0.001 and Beta = 0.32; p < 0.001, respectively). The R2 values of both models showed that 29.0% and 26.7% of the variance in PEs is accounted for by caffeine addiction symptoms, respectively.ConclusionYoung people presenting with depression and anxiety symptoms should be carefully assessed for caffeine intake in clinical practice, educated regarding the known health risks associated with this substance, and advised to limit excessive caffeine intake, which can, in turn, help prevent the occurrence of PEs.

PMID 42175803
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PubMedRadiation oncology (London, England)2026-05-24

Brachytherapy of skin cancer using a 90Sr/90Y beta-emitting source: design of a fixed geometry applicator.

Seraj Shahriyar S, Ghorbani Mahdi M, Hamzian Nima N, Farhood Bagher B

Beta radiation is a suitable candidate for treatment of skin cancer due to its rapid dose fall-off and better protection of normal tissues. This study aimed to design and propose a set of new fixed geometry applicators with a 90Sr/90Y beta source for treatment of superficial skin tumors. First, the 90Sr/90Y source of the Beta-Cath™ system supplied by Novoste Corporation was simulated with the MCNPX Monte Carlo code and validated using the proposed Task Group No. 60 dosimetric parameters. Then, considering parameters including the source-to-skin distance, treatment time, the shape and thickness of the flattening filter, the size and composition of the sources, and the dimensions of the field, the optimal applicator was selected in terms of flatness, symmetry, penumbra, leakage, and dose rate at different depths (1.0-3.0 mm). The mean difference in dose rate at the reference point, radial dose function, anisotropy function and two-dimensional dose rate compared to the corresponding published values was less than 3.0%. For a treatment depth of 3.0 mm, treatment times ranged from 6.97 to 10.22 min, the flatness values ​​of the optimal applicators in different sizes ranged from 3.36% to 14.94%, symmetry from 0.3% to 1.7%, and penumbra from 2.7 to 3.6 mm. Leakage within 1.0 mm of the applicator wall was less than 1% of the skin surface dose. This is the first study to evaluate the design of a fixed geometry applicator for a 90Sr/90Y beta-emitting source for skin cancer treatment. The designed applicator exhibited good performance in terms of dose distribution parameters such as flatness, symmetry, penumbra, and leakage.

PMID 42177589
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