colistimethate sodium (ColiFin / ColiFinair)

A successful individualized comprehensive therapy for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae induced multifocal brain abscesses: a case report and literature review.

Huang Boyuan B, Yuan Minglu M, Wang Mengyang M, Mao Gengsheng G et al.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP)-induced brain abscess is an exceedingly rare disease. We presented the fourth case of CRKP-induced brain abscess but the first multifocal and most complicated one accompanied by intracranial Epstein-Barr virus detection positive. The patient was treated with a regime of intravenous ceftazidime/avibactam combined with intrathecal colistimethate sodium. To our knowledge, this represented the first reported application of such a regimen for a CRKP-induced brain abscess. When the abscess formed an intact envelope, the patient underwent craniotomy for resection. Postoperatively, the antibiotic regimen was continued for 2 weeks until the CSF examination became nearly normal. The patient remained asymptomatic over the next 12 months follow-up without recurrences. This case highlights the rarity of CRKP-induced brain abscess and provides a novel combination of antibiotic regimen, which also emphasizes the necessity for individualized and comprehensive therapeutic strategy.

Corrigendum to "Sodium cyclamate enhances Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilm formation on seafood-contact surfaces" [Food Res. Int. 235 (2026) 119195].

Zhou Yining Y, Zhang Nan N, Xu Wu W, Li Xue X et al.

Inverse association between dietary potassium-to-sodium ratio and systemic inflammatory markers: A cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES 2021-2023 data.

Sohn Yeo Ju YJ, Bae Heewon H

Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) is associated with a range of noncommunicable diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the dietary potassium-to-sodium (K/Na) ratio may predict cardiovascular and inflammatory health more accurately than potassium or sodium alone. However, its relationship with established systemic chronic inflammation markers (SCI markers) has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study was conducted to examine the association between dietary K/Na ratio and serum concentrations of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and to explore the shape of these dose-response relationships. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 892 adults aged ≥ 20 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2021 to 2023. Dietary intake was assessed via two 24-hour recalls, from which individual potassium and sodium intakes were used to calculate the K/Na ratio. Serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured using standardized immunoturbidimetric assays. We applied survey-weighted multivariable linear regression models to examine adjusted associations between the continuous K/Na ratio and each inflammatory marker, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and lipid profiles. Generalized additive models (GAMs) with penalized splines were used to assess potential nonlinear dose-response relationships. Sensitivity analyses excluded participants with CRP > 10 mg/L and explored subgroup effects by sex and race/ethnicity. After full adjustment, each 1-unit increase in dietary K/Na ratio was associated with a 0.068 mg/dL decrease in AGP (SE = 0.021; P = .001) and a 0.248 decrease in ln-transformed hs-CRP (SE = 0.095; P = .009). GAM analyses revealed a significant nonlinear inverse relationship between K/Na ratio and AGP (effective degrees of freedom = 1.49; P = .007), whereas the association with ln-CRP remained linear (edf = 1.33; P = .499). Findings were consistent across sensitivity and subgroup analyses. In this nationally representative US sample, a higher dietary K/Na ratio is independently associated with lower systemic inflammation, supporting public health strategies that promote improved potassium-to-sodium balance to mitigate chronic disease risk.

Comparative genomics and chemical inactivation analysis of three Limosilactobacillus fermentum phages.

Ma Wenxin W, Wang Luyao L, Chen Yingtong Y, Zhang Jingjie J et al.

Phage infections threaten the food fermentation industry by degrading product quality and causing fermentation failure. This study compared the genomes and tolerance to chemical disinfectants (ethanol, isopropanol, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid) of Limosilactobacillus (L.) fermentum phages LFP01, LFP02, and LFP03. Intact prophage regions were identified in the genomes of all three phage host strains. Furthermore, the phages were able to infect lysogenic host strains. LFP01 and LFP03 were closely related, whereas LFP02 represented a distinct lineage, suggesting genomic diversity among three analyzed phages. The core functional regions of the three phages were conserved, whereas other regions exhibited variability. Phage LFP02 exhibited the highest ethanol and isopropanol tolerance. Phage LFP03 exhibited the lowest tolerance to sodium hypochlorite. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SDS-PAGE analysis revealed phage structural damage following peracetic acid inactivation. These findings improve our understanding of L. fermentum phage resistance mechanisms and provide some practical strategies for controlling phage contamination in food fermentation.