Drug Database
ID

IDD-P

✓ Approved

SkyePharma PLC · therapeutic agent

What is IDD-P?

IDD-P is a therapeutic agent developed by SkyePharma PLC. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

CompanySkyePharma PLC
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, SkyePharma PLC

Therapeutic Indications

IDD-P is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresOral appliance application✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedRoyal Society open science2026-11-11

Absorption and fixation times for evolutionary processes on graphs.

Cuesta Fernando Alcalde FA, Guerberoff Gustavo G, Rojo Álvaro Lozano ÁL

In this paper, we study the absorption and fixation times for evolutionary processes on graphs, with relative fitness r > 0 , under different updating rules. While in the Moran process a single neighbour is randomly chosen to be replaced, in proliferation processes, other neighbours can be replaced using Bernoulli or binomial draws depending on 0 < p ≤ 1 . There is a critical value p c such that the proliferation is advantageous or disadvantageous in terms of fixation probability depending on whether p > p c or p < p c . We clarify the role of symmetries for computing the fixation time in the Moran process. We show that the Maruyama-Kimura symmetry depends on the graph structure induced in each state, implying asymmetry for all graphs except cliques and cycles. There is a fitness value, not necessarily 1, beyond which the fixation time decreases monotonically. We apply Harris's graphical method to prove that the fixation time decreases monotonically depending on p . Thus, there exists another value p t for which the proliferation is advantageous or disadvantageous in terms of time. However, at the critical level p = p c , the proliferation is highly advantageous when r tends to infinity.

PMID 43012072
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PubMedBMC public health2026-11-11

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with adjustment and reintegration to civilian life: a prospective and cross-sectional analysis of transitioning and ex-serving military personnel.

Romaniuk Madeline M, Fisher Gina G, Batterham Philip J PJ

The prevalence of reintegration and adjustment difficulties among military veterans transitioning to civilian life is high, with maladjustment linked to poor mental health and increased suicide risk. Identifying factors predictive of adjustment may inform the development of preventative screening and intervention strategies. This study aimed to determine significant demographic and psychosocial factors associated with adjustment and reintegration using both cross-sectional and prospective methods. A convenience sample of 866 transitioning and ex-serving military personnel completed demographic, service, and psychosocial questionnaires online. A subset provided responses before and after permanent separation from service. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between key variables and self-reported adjustment and reintegration to civilian life. The effects of the predictor variables on the outcome variable were estimated by adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. For ex-serving participants, significant associations were found between adjustment/reintegration and gender (p = .045), education level (p = .031), marital status (p = .022), rank at discharge (p < .001), employment status (p < .001), number of years since discharge (p = .001), PTSD symptoms (p < .001), purpose and connection (p < .001), help seeking (p = .019), and beliefs about civilians (p < .001). For current serving participants, significant associations included employment status (p < .001) anger and perceived failure (p = .02) and feeling unprepared for civilian life (p = .002). Veterans at higher risk of maladjustment include those who are unemployed or on a medical pension, are single, male, from lower ranks with lower education, and with higher symptoms of PTSD, higher levels of anger, feelings of failure, and feeling unprepared for the transition to civilian life prior to separation. Embedding population-level monitoring of this high-risk demographic group, along with individual-level screening and targeting of these factors may assist in improving adjustment and reintegration outcomes in this population.

PMID 43009885
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PubMedBrain communications2026-11-11

The antagonistic pleiotropy of tau phosphorylation: plasma tau species in newborns and Alzheimer's disease.

Gonzalez-Ortiz Fernando F, Kirsebom Bjørn-Eivind BE, Santos Cristiano C, Arslan Burak B et al.

Tau phosphorylation is essential for early brain development but is also central to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, suggesting an antagonistic pleiotropy model in which the same biology is beneficial early in life and harmful in ageing. Here, we investigate whether healthy term newborns exhibit higher concentrations of multiple phosphorylated tau species in plasma and compare their profiles against older adults and Alzheimer's disease patients. In this multicentre study, we used the Simoa HD-X platform to measure plasma phospho-tau (p-tau) species (p-tau217 and p-tau205), Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Neurofilament light (NfL) and amyloid-β species (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42) in healthy term newborns (n = 42), aged controls (n = 41) and patients with Alzheimer's disease (n = 73). Perinatal associations were examined using multivariable regression adjusted for gestational age and birth weight. In an exploratory subset analysis comprising 12 aged controls and 27 term newborns, 220 analytes were measured using the Central Nervous System panel on the NULISA proteomics platform. Group comparisons were performed using either linear regression or Welch t-tests with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing. In the Simoa analysis, plasma p-tau217 and p-tau205 showed a stepwise increase from controls to Alzheimer's disease and from Alzheimer's disease to newborns. Mean p-tau217 concentrations were 2.6 pg/mL in controls, 8.6 pg/mL in Alzheimer's disease and 17 pg/mL in newborns; corresponding p-tau205 concentrations were 0.5, 0.7 and 3.3 pg/mL. All pairwise differences for both tau species were significant. Correlations between p-tau markers differed across groups. Newborns showed a strong correlation (r = 0.81, P < 0.001), whereas correlations were weaker in Alzheimer's disease (r = 0.44, P < 0.001). Newborns also had the highest GFAP concentrations, whereas NfL was highest in Alzheimer's disease and lowest in newborns. Mode of delivery affected GFAP and NfL levels, but not p-tau217 or p-tau205, arguing against birth stress as the main driver of neonatal tau phosphorylation. The NULISA analysis independently supported broad neonatal enrichment of tau. Phosphorylated tau species were markedly higher in newborns than controls, and multiple epitopes, including the brain-derived forms of p-tau181, p-tau205, p-tau212, p-tau217 and p-tau231, clustered among proteins with positive newborn-control differences and strong statistical significance. Our findings identify a high early-life phospho-tau state across multiple epitopes that exceeds Alzheimer's disease levels but occurs outside of the amyloid/neurodegenerative biomarker profile. The results support the hypothesis that tau phosphorylation has divergent biological meanings across the lifespan and motivate mechanistic studies of how the developing brain tolerates high phospho-tau without an amyloid/neurodegenerative biomarker profile.

PMID 43011218
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PubMedZhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology2026-11-11

[Effect of zinc selenium L-carnitine compound nutrient combined with tamoxifen citrate on routine semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in male infertility patients].

Xie Yuanzhi Y, Xin Meijiao M, Shi Nanxiang N, Shi Yimin Y et al.

Objective To explore the effect of zinc selenium L-carnitine compound nutrient combined with tamoxifen citrate on routine semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index of male infertility patients with abnormal sperm DNA fragmentation index. Methods A total of 903 male infertile patients with sperm DFI (>15%) were selected and randomly divided into control group (453 cases) and combination group (450 cases). The control group was treated with vitamin E soft capsule, and the combination group was treated with zinc selenium L-carnitine compound nutrient combined with tamoxifen citrate. The percentages of normal morphology sperm, sperm volume, sperm concentration, percentage of forward moving sperm（PR）, percentage of non-forward moving sperm（NP）, and DFI of patients in the two groups were collected before treatment and 1, 2 and 3 months after treatment. The effective rates of combined medication treatment for patients with abnormal DFI in different age groups were compared. Results After 1 month of treatment in the combination group, PR increased significantly and DFI decreased significantly (P<0.01). After 2 months of treatment, compared with before treatment, PR (P<0.01) and NP increased (P<0.05), DFI decreased (P<0.01). After 3 months of treatment, the semen volume increased compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and DFI decreased continuously (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the percentage of normal morphological sperm and sperm concentration compared with before treatment (P>0.05). In the control group, PR increased significantly after 1 and 2 months of treatment compared with before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05), and DFI decreased significantly (P<0.001, P<0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of normal morphological sperm, semen volume, sperm concentration, and NP compared with before treatment. There was no significant difference in any parameters after 3 months of treatment compared with before treatment (P>0.05). Before treatment, the differences in various parameters between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). After 1 and 2 months of treatment, compared with the control group, the DFI of the combination group showed a significant decrease (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the differences in other parameters were not significant (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the differences in various parameters between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). Among the patients in the combination group with DFI>25%, the treatment effectiveness rate of patients aged ≥35 years was higher than that of those aged <35 years old (P<0.01); while among the patients in the combination group with 15%0.05). Conclusion The zinc selenium L-carnitine compound nutrient combined with tamoxifen citrate can improve PR and sperm DNA integrity of male infertility patients. Meanwhile, patients with higher baseline DFI values combined with older age have better therapeutic effects.

PMID 43012228
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PubMedJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026-11-11

A Murinized Bimagrumab Analogue Increases Skeletal Muscle Mass and Improves Cardiometabolic Remodelling in Experimental Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Baka Tomas T, Mirrione Sophia M SM, Qin Fuzhong F, Gower Adam C AC et al.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) involves left ventricular hypertrophy and metabolic dysfunction. Given the role of skeletal muscle in systemic metabolism, we investigated whether activin type II receptor inhibition with CDD866, a murinized bimagrumab analogue that induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy, improves physical performance and cardiometabolic remodelling in established HCM. Twenty-four-week-old male mice harbouring the cardiac myosin R403Q mutation received CDD866 or isotype antibody (20 mg/kg subcutaneously every 3 days) for 4 weeks; wild-type (WT) littermates received isotype antibody. Assessments included body composition, muscle imaging and histology, grip strength, treadmill exercise, glucose tolerance, echocardiography, cardiac histopathology, myocardial substrate oxidation by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance in isolated beating hearts and cardiac transcriptomics and proteomics. Values are mean ± SEM. Compared with R403Q placebo, CDD866 increased lean mass (22.5 ± 0.6 vs. 18.7 ± 0.5 g; p < 0.001), grip strength (135.3 ± 3.4 vs. 99.9 ± 4.3 cN; p < 0.0001) and treadmill distance (99.8 ± 1.7 vs. 77.2 ± 3.2 m; p < 0.0001). Hindlimb muscle volume increased by 24 ± 8% (p < 0.05), and individual muscle weights increased by 44%-87% (all p < 0.0001). CDD866 reduced total left ventricular wall thickness (1.80 ± 0.03 vs. 1.98 ± 0.03 mm; p < 0.001) and improved E/A ratio (1.31 ± 0.04 vs. 0.99 ± 0.04; p < 0.001) and early diastolic mitral annular velocity (18.6 ± 0.7 vs. 14.0 ± 0.7 mm/s; p < 0.01). Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and myocardial fibrosis decreased by 32 ± 6% (p < 0.0001) and 69 ± 31% (p < 0.01), respectively. Glucose tolerance was impaired in R403Q mice versus WT (p < 0.01), with a nonsignificant reduction in AUC following CDD866 (p = 0.223). CDD866 increased the fractional contribution of fatty acids to myocardial oxidative metabolism (0.66 ± 0.02 vs. 0.38 ± 0.05; p < 0.01) and reduced 13C-lactate output (15.3 ± 2.5 vs. 40.2 ± 3.8 nmol/min; p < 0.001). Consistent with these measurements, cardiac RNA-seq GSEA showed HCM-associated suppression and CDD866-associated enrichment of fatty acid oxidation, pyruvate metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis and branched-chain amino acid catabolism (all FDR q < 0.05). Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic upstream regulator predictions provided an exploratory regulatory context for these metabolic findings. CDD866 increased skeletal muscle mass and performance alongside improvements in cardiac remodelling, diastolic function and myocardial metabolism in established experimental HCM. Activin receptor inhibition offers a promising therapeutic avenue for HCM.

PMID 43012350
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PubMedMedicine2026-11-11

Efficacy and influencing factors of rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: A real-world retrospective study.

Xu Xiaofei X, Zhou Qiwei Q, Li Subo S, Zhang Xiaoru X et al.

This study aims to investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). A total of 46 patients with IMN visited and followed up regularly in our hospital were included in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups, with 23 patients receiving RTX treatment (RTX group) and 23 patients receiving treatment with cyclophosphamide (CTX group). The clinical data of the patients, including urine examination, blood test, efficacy evaluation results, and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed retrospectively. The changes in clinical and biochemical indicators were compared in RTX groups before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy and influencing factors of RTX treatment for IMN were evaluated. After 6 months of treatment, in the RTX group, compared to baseline, there was a significant decrease in 24-hour urine protein, total cholesterol, and B lymphocyte count (P < .001, P = .010, P < .001), while albumin (ALB), globulin, and natural killer cells showed a significant increase compared to baseline (P < .001, P < .001, P < .001). After 6 months of treatment, the RTX group showed significantly higher glomerular filtration rate, higher levels of ALB, and higher levels of globulin compared to the CTX group, with statistical significance (P = .042, P = .003, P < .001). Among patients with positive anti-PLA2R antibodies at baseline, the antibody clearance rate at 6 months was significantly higher in the RTX group than in the CTX group (P = .035). By the end of follow-up, the overall remission rates were 91.3% for the RTX group and 87.0% for the CTX group, with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .99). A univariate analysis of the correlation between clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and the efficacy of RTX treatment found that lower baseline 24-hour urine protein levels appeared to be associated with a higher likelihood of achieving remission (P = .035). AEs were observed in 17.4% of RTX-treated patients versus 52.2% of CTX-treated patients (P = .030). RTX appeared to be effective in patients with IMN and was associated with a more favorable safety profile compared with CTX.

PMID 43012768
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