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ampicillin (Bactosone Retard / ampicillin, Cpex)

✓ Approved

CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is ampicillin?

ampicillin is a small molecule developed by CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intramuscular (im) injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesBactosone Retard, ampicillin, Cpex
CompanyCPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteInjectable (Others), Intramuscular (IM) Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, CPEX Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Therapeutic Indications

ampicillin is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsSalmonellosis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of medical case reports2026-11-11

Neonatal staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: a case report.

Çeri Ayhan A, Silahlı Musa M

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening exfoliative skin condition primarily affecting neonates due to their immature immune systems and limited renal clearance of exfoliative toxins. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to avoid complications such as sepsis, fluid loss, and secondary infections. We describe a 7-day-old White male late preterm neonate (35 weeks' gestation) presenting with widespread erythema, flaccid bullae, and superficial desquamation, initially around the umbilicus and rapidly spreading to the trunk and face. A positive Nikolsky sign and skin swab cultures revealing methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus confirmed the diagnosis of SSSS. The patient responded well to intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin, along with supportive care. Complete re-epithelialization occurred by day 8, and he was discharged in stable condition on day 10. This case underscores the importance of early clinical recognition of SSSS in neonates, differentiation from similar dermatological conditions, and implementation of timely antimicrobial and supportive therapy. Multidisciplinary care and close monitoring can lead to rapid recovery and favorable outcomes in this rare but serious condition.

PMID 43010091
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PubMedCell reports. Medicine2026-11-10

Microbiome-antibiotic-immune interactions influence mortality in preterm infant gut microbiota-humanized gnotobiotic mice.

Schwartz Drew J DJ, Wong Galen G GG, Wardenburg Kate E KE, Erickson Isabel R IR et al.

Infants born preterm are treated with antibiotics when bacterial infection is suspected. Antibiotics disrupt the gut microbiota, leading to unfavorable immune and infectious consequences. However, the impact of specific antibiotics on gut microbial and immune responses is largely unknown. We develop a humanized gnotobiotic mouse model where we gavage preterm infant stool into germ-free dams. We treat microbiota-humanized pups with subcutaneous antibiotics with probenecid to model empiric sepsis treatment regimens. Pups humanized with microbiota including ampicillin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae die during ampicillin with probenecid treatment with increased gut permeability and systemic microbial spread. Conversely, pups with microbiota containing gelatinase-expressing Enterococcus faecalis die during meropenem with probenecid treatment with increased gut E. faecalis and systemic immune dysregulation. Gut E. faecalis, especially strains containing gelE and fsr, increase in human preterm infant gut microbiomes after meropenem. These data raise concerns about the unintended consequences of antibiotic treatment and provide a framework for understanding microbiome-antibiotic-immune interplay.

PMID 43008738
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PubMedVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal2026-11-10

Resistance gene profiles and expression patterns in Escherichia coli isolates from swine with colibacillosis.

Kazemzadeh Shima S, Rusinova Maria M, Burakova Inna I, Smirnova Yuliya Y et al.

Swine colibacillosis, caused by colonization of the piglet small intestine with enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli, imposes a significant economic burden on the swine industry. Due to high mortality rates and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, it is considered one of the major welfare concerns in the livestock industry. This study elucidated the genetic basis and expression patterns of key antibiotic resistance genes in porcine E. coli isolates with colibacillosis. Intestinal contents from five affected piglets were subjected to high-throughput sequencing, revealing 26 resistance genes across seven antibiotic classes. Four strains (428, 430, 432, 433) were further analyzed for mRNA expression levels of six resistance genes (blaTEM, tetA, tetB, tetM, qnrB, and qnrS) under exposure to ampicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin at three concentrations (0.01, 0.001, 0.0001% w/v). Our findings revealed five distinct expression patterns: (1) dose dependent upregulation/downregulation, (2) inverse response to concentration changes, (3) maximal downregulation at intermediate dose, (4) minimal down-regulation at intermediate dose, and (5) sustained upregulation. Strain 428 uniformly followed pattern one for all resistance genes, in strain 430, tetB followed pattern three while blaTEM matched pattern one, strain 432 exhibited patterns two for all tetracycline- and β-lactam-resistance genes, and pattern four for qnrB; strain 433 showed patterns three for both fluoroquinolone-resistance genes, pattern four for tetB, and pattern five for blaTEM. These findings highlighted strain-specific and dose-dependent gene expression responses in swine colibacillosis. This work underscored the need for tailored antibiotic strategies, targeted interventions and well-validated monitoring frameworks for antibiotic resistance in veterinary.

PMID 43005644
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PubMedWiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)2026-11-10

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci: Local epidemiology and clinical outcomes.

Chaloob Rasool R, Al-Shaeer Majeed N Abdul MNA, Alaasam Maryam K MK, Almasodi Aeman Yaakob AY et al.

Aim: To study local epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and clinical outcomes of VRE infections among inpatients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out on all patients admitted with culture-confirmed Vancomycin-resistant enterococci infections between July 2025 and January 2026 in Najaf, Iraq. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical information, antimicrobial exposure, microbiological findings, and outcomes were obtained from medical records. Results: A total of 84 patients with Vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection were included. The mean age was 56 ± 18 years, and 57.1% were male. Prior antibiotic exposure was seen in 75.0% of the patients, while 33.3% had previously received Vancomycin therapy. Enterococcus faecium was the predominant species 73.8%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 21.4%. All isolates were resistant to Vancomycin, while resistance rates against ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and high-level gentamicin were 70.2%, 63.1%, and 52.4% respectively. Susceptibility to linezolid and daptomycin was still high (97.6% and 98.8% respectively). Urine was the most common specimen source 40.5%, followed by blood cultures 26.2%. In terms of clinical outcomes, 36.9% were admitted to the ICU, 26.2% had a bloodstream infection, 21.4% needed mechanical ventilation, 14.3% had septic shock, and there was an overall mortality rate of 23.8%. Conclusions: infections due to Vancomycin-resistant enterococci impose a huge healthcare burden in our setting; E. faecium is the leading species and is multidrug resistant. It was, however, associated with significant mortality despite preserved susceptibility to linezolid and daptomycin. Therefore, continuous surveillance coupled with antimicrobial stewardship and strict infection control practices is needed to contain the spread and impact of VRE infections.

PMID 43007959
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PubMedCureus2026-11-10

An Outbreak of Food Poisoning by Salmonella Typhimurium in a District of Lower Assam in North-East India.

Hazarika Suranjana C SC, Hazarika Mehzabin H MH, Basumatary Cornelioush C, Baishya Lakshyasri L et al.

Introduction Foodborne infection is a neglected health problem. Although large numbers of focal outbreaks are reported every year, implementation of strong food safety policies and guidelines is still awaited due to the paucity of data. Here, we report an outbreak of food poisoning from a district of Lower Assam where 65 people (attack rate 65%) reported sick in a span of a few hours in a particular locality. Materials and methods An outbreak investigation was conducted as part of a task force project of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) on foodborne pathogen surveillance in North-East India, in collaboration with the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) team. A combined retrospective-prospective study was conducted. Data on patient demographics, time of onset of symptoms, presenting clinical features, and history of food items consumed were collected. Stool samples from cases were also collected for examination as per standard operating procedures (SOP). Results Most cases complained of abdominal cramps (n = 60, 92%), fever (n = 59, 90%), and diarrhoea (n = 55, 84%) about 48-72 hours after consumption of the food. 'Prasad' (an offering comprising chickpea or bengal gram, moong or green gram, fruits, etc., and served raw) was thought to be the implicating food since it was consumed by 100% of cases. Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from three of the seven stool samples collected, which showed resistance to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion The outbreak was most probably associated with the consumption of raw 'Prasad' contaminated with S. Typhimurium identified in stool samples and showing multidrug resistance. Strengthening food hygiene practices and timely foodborne disease surveillance are essential to prevent similar outbreaks in the future. Recommendations were made for proper hygiene during preparation, handling, and storage of food.

PMID 43005914
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PubMedCureus2026-11-10

Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia in an Elderly Couple With Suspected Household Transmission: A Report of Two Cases.

Kyotani Moe M, Kenzaka Tsuneaki T, Hayashi Tomohiro T

Haemophilus influenzae is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia, particularly among older adults and individuals with underlying medical conditions. However, reports of H. influenzae pneumonia occurring within a short interval among elderly cohabiting couples with suspected household transmission are limited. Here we present two such cases. Case 1: A 95-year-old Japanese man presented with a three-day history of productive cough and hoarseness and developed a fever on the day of admission. He had hypoxemia and impaired consciousness. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed infiltrative opacities, predominantly in the bilateral lower lobes. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) was isolated from sputum culture, and his condition improved after 11 days of treatment with ampicillin/sulbactam. Case 2: A 90-year-old Japanese woman, the wife of the patient in Case 1, developed a productive cough and exertional dyspnea around the time of her husband's admission. She received oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for five days as an outpatient without improvement, and was admitted 10 days after her husband. Chest CT showed multiple infiltrative opacities, predominantly in the right lung, along with diffuse bronchial wall thickening. Haemophilus influenzae was isolated from sputum culture, and her condition improved after 12 days of treatment with ceftriaxone. The H. influenzae isolates from the two patients exhibited identical minimum inhibitory concentration profiles for all antimicrobial agents tested. Although strain identity could not be confirmed because molecular epidemiological analyses were not performed, the close temporal relationship between the two illnesses, shared household exposure, and identical antimicrobial susceptibility profiles suggested the possibility of intrahousehold transmission but did not establish strain relatedness or confirm a transmission pathway. These cases provide clinically relevant insights into the possibility of household transmission of H. influenzae.

PMID 43005492
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