Drug Database
TE

tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol (MXC1:1)

✓ Approved

Argent BioPharma · CNR1

What is tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol?

tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol is a therapeutic agent developed by Argent BioPharma. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMXC1:1
CompanyArgent BioPharma
Molecular TargetCNR1, HTR1A, TRPV1, GPR55
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Argent BioPharma

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol acts on 4 molecular targets:

CNR1cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR, CB1A)
HTR1A5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (PFMCD, 5-HT1A)
TRPV1transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (VR1)
GPR55G protein-coupled receptor 55 (LPIR1)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Gastrointestinal disordersAbdominal pain✓ Approved
Nervous system disordersMuscle spasticity✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of cannabis research2026-11-11

The effect of organic amendments on cannabidiol yield and topsoil health (0-10 cm) in floral hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) production system.

Atoloye Idowu I, Rai Dipti D, George Ashlee A, Massie Pippin P et al.

Compost and cover crops enhance soil health and crop productivity in agricultural systems, yet their integration as soil management strategies in floral hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) production remains underexplored. Understanding these effects is critical for optimizing cannabidiol yield while building soil health. In a two-year field study in north-central North Carolina, USA, we evaluated the effects of compost, cover crops, and their combination, and a non-fertilized control on soil health and cannabidiol yield in two floral hemp cultivars, Spectrum and Therapy. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block split-plot design with soil health indicators and agronomic parameters measured across multiple growth stages. Treatment effects varied substantially by year and cultivar. In 2021, compost produced the highest cannabidiol yields for both cultivars-1.1 to 2.6 times greater than control and cover crop treatments. By 2022, compost-cover crop treatment had the highest yields for Spectrum, while Therapy responded minimally to amendments. Organic amendments increased soil organic carbon by 15%, total nitrogen by 20%, and microbial activity by 25%, particularly in year two. Mid-vegetative leaf nitrogen concentration emerged as a strong predictor of yield, explaining 52% of dry inflorescence and 40% of cannabidiol yield variation. Principal component analysis revealed that compost and compost-cover crop treatments clustered with enhanced soil biological indicators (soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil test biological activity, and permanganate oxidizable carbon) and higher yields, though year-specific environmental conditions resulted in distinct response patterns. Compost and combined compost-cover crop amendments improved soil health metrics, with benefits accumulating by year two. Cover crops alone provided minimal advantage. The effectiveness of organic amendments depends on cultivar selection and environmental conditions, necessitating multi-year evaluations to develop reliable management recommendations for CBD hemp production systems.

PMID 43010116
Read full article →
PubMedJournal of cannabis research2026-11-11

A human microbiota-associated translational mouse model reveals sex-specific responses to cannabidiol and cannabigerol.

Keohane Eva E, Poehlein Lance L, Chaparro Jacqueline M JM, Wrigley Scott D SD et al.

Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) are non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids with therapeutic potential, yet their effects on host physiology and interactions with the gut microbiome remain poorly defined. Here, we used a translational mouse model colonized with human-associated microbiotas to investigate the effects of oral CBD and CBG intervention on microbial composition, endocannabinoid signaling, and intestinal protein expression. While neither phytocannabinoids altered overall gut microbiome diversity, both induced sex-specific shifts in bacterial taxa associated with mucin utilization and short-chain fatty acid production. Circulating concentrations of CBD were higher than those of CBG, and females exhibited higher plasma phytocannabinoid concentrations than males. Males treated with CBD had elevated anandamide (AEA) levels, potentially reflecting inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase, consistent with upregulation of serine protease inhibitors observed in ileal proteomes. Females also accumulated more subcutaneous adipose tissue with both CBD and CBG treatment resulting in greater total CBD storage in this depot. Collectively, these findings suggest sex-specific interactions between phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and the gut microbiome, underscoring the importance of considering biological sex in cannabinoid research and informing personalized therapeutic strategies.

PMID 43010098
Read full article →
PubMedAnalytical chemistry2026-11-11

Continuously Tuning the Air Plasma Desorption Ambient Ionization Source for Broad Polarity Compound Detection.

Liu Feng F, Xie Huaxue H, Duan Jize J, Zhang Xinglei X et al.

Ambient ionization sources directly analyze different polarity analytes in the samples, but they struggle to simultaneously analyze polar/nonpolar analytes and minimize fragmentation caused by the weakness of controlling the internal energy distribution of the sources. Herein, a plasma desorption ionization (PDI) mass spectrometry (MS) was developed for a continuously controllable internal energy distribution of the ion source, which enables tuning the ionization modes of either proton transfer or charge exchange. By controlling the duty ratio, the PDI was tuned to ionize molecules of different polarity, to minimize fragmentation, and to reduce the matrix effect. Lower duty ratios (1-5%) yield lower Emax with narrow internal energy distributions characteristic of soft ionization, while higher duty ratios (40-100%) produce higher Emax with broad distributions characteristic of hard ionization. Above all, it showed an excellent performance in improving the signal-to-noise ratio by 40-fold. In addition, by coupling this PDI to a portable MS, real-world samples, like 2 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 25 pharmaceuticals (20 tablets, two liquid medicines, and three salves), were detected within 30 s, and the limit of detection of medicines was as low as 0.15 ng·mL-1. The PDI-MS has promise for applications in high-throughput screening of samples on site.

PMID 43010494
Read full article →
PubMedVeterinary pathology2026-11-11

Deep learning-based identification and counting of early-stage follicles in rat ovaries.

Soldati Sabina S, Garg Rohit R, Mohanty Amogh A, Dalvi Milind M et al.

Counting ovarian early follicles helps assess the impact of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting chemicals on female fertility. Traditional manual counting methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to intra- and interobserver variability, leading to inconsistent results. This study addresses these limitations by developing a fully automated solution for the identification and quantification of early-stage follicles in hematoxylin and eosin-stained rat ovarian sections, with the aim of enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and reproducibility. We developed a deep learning model designed to identify primordial type 1 and type 2 follicles, and a second model focusing on detecting early growing follicles. The automated system exhibited high performance on an independent test data set of 200 whole-slide images, whose predictions were validated by pathologists. The models achieved high precision and recall, with 98.49% and 90.92%, respectively, for type 1; 95.97% and 97.54% for type 2; and 99.45% and 80.09% for early growing follicles. Further comparisons with manual annotations performed by 4 independent pathologists revealed significant interobserver variability. While human performance was hindered by factors such as fatigue and inconsistent criteria application, resulting in variable precision and recall and high rates of missed follicles, the algorithm maintained superior consistency and overall higher F1-scores. Furthermore, a comparison between manual work and the algorithm's productivity showed that the algorithm was 11 times faster than manual quantification. These results demonstrate that the automated approach not only matches expert accuracy but also effectively eliminates subjectivity and diagnostic drift inherent in manual counting, providing a reproducible method for follicle counting, and significantly enhancing workflow efficiency.

PMID 43010720
Read full article →
PubMedEnvironmental science. Processes & impacts2026-11-11

National-scale monitoring reveals widespread trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) contamination in UK surface waters.

Stanforth Rowan D RD, Li Jun J, Evans Hannah H, Kirton Megan L ML et al.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a highly persistent and mobile, ultra-short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) that is extremely abundant in the global environment. The accumulation of TFA in the environment is partly due to its capacity to form from numerous fluorinated precursor molecules, including pesticides, refrigerants and pharmaceuticals. TFA pollution is particularly significant in aquatic systems due to its solubility, although there is no UK-wide assessment of the state of TFA pollution in surface waters. This study assessed TFA concentrations in 214 water samples from all four UK countries (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland) covering 54 sites across 32 rivers and 4 seasons. To understand the spatial patterns in TFA pollution, the relationships between TFA loads and various potential TFA sources were also examined. TFA was detected at 98% of sites, with mean and median concentration of 2210 ng L-1 and 201 ng L-1 respectively. Multiple TFA pollution hotspots were observed, including on the river Kelvin in Glasgow (maximum concentration: 78 500 ng L-1). Winter and spring were associated with elevated TFA mass loads, driven by higher flow in both seasons and higher concentrations in winter. Golf course exposure and intermediate arable land cover were significantly associated with higher TFA loads, possibly reflecting PFAS pesticide usage. However, our results also highlight the challenges of source attribution for a widespread contaminant with numerous sources, and we propose avenues for future investigation. Overall, this study provides an important baseline of TFA pollution in the UK and suggests prioritising precautionary action to prevent further emissions at source.

PMID 43012147
Read full article →
PubMedBiochemical and biophysical research communications2026-11-10

Cannabidiol abrogates the atypical enlargement of mitochondria in Tafazzin-deficient B-lymphoblastoid cells.

Chan John Z JZ, Groh Mishi M, Musa Musa M, Sciaini German G et al.

Barth Syndrome (BTHS) is a rare, X-linked disorder caused by the loss of function of Tafazzin, an enzyme responsible for the remodelling of cardiolipin. Although neutropenia is the best-characterized immunological deficit in BTHS, recent studies have also demonstrated deficiencies in B-cell and T-cell populations. BTHS patient-derived B-lymphoblastoid cells have been widely used to investigate the mitochondrial abnormalities associated with the disease. Our group, and others, have previously reported alterations in mitochondrial cristae architecture and the presence of abnormally enlarged mitochondria in these cells. Recently, we demonstrated that treatment of BTHS B-lymphoblastoids with the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) restores maximal respiratory capacity, total cardiolipin content, the ratio of monolysocardiolipin to cardiolipin, and cell growth. However, the effects of CBD in restoring other mitochondrial parameters, including the relative abundance of various electron transport chain (ETC) proteins, and the profile of cardiolipin fatty acyl species, were ineffective or incomplete. Building on these findings, the present study aimed to examine whether CBD altered mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in Tafazzin-deficient B-lymphoblastoid cells. Using transmission electron microscopy, we found that CBD reversed the mitochondrial enlargement in BTHS B-lymphoblastoid cells but had no significant effect on cristae architecture. CBD fully reversed the elevated phosphorylation of Drp1 at the fission-inhibitory Ser637 site, strongly suggesting that the reduction in mitochondrial enlargement following CBD treatment involves the modulation of mitochondrial fission. Our results support the notion that cardiolipin composition, not just content, is important for mitochondrial ultrastructure in mammalian cells, and also supports a role for CBD in regulating mitochondrial dynamics.

PMID 43008700
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about tetrahydrocannabinol + cannabidiol