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olopatadine (Patanase / Patanase)

✓ Approved

Novartis AG · HRH1 · Small Molecule

What is olopatadine?

olopatadine is a small molecule developed by Novartis AG. It is approved for therapeutic indications via inhaled.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesPatanase, Patanase
CompanyNovartis AG
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetHRH1
RouteInhaled
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Novartis AG

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

olopatadine acts on 1 molecular target:

HRH1histamine receptor H1 (HH1R, H1R)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

olopatadine is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Immune system disordersSeasonal allergy✓ Approved
Eye disordersConjunctivitis allergicBLA/NDA

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of the Korean Society of Radiology2026-10-22

Nasal and Nasopharyngeal Airway Obstruction in Neonates: A Pictorial Essay.

Gala Foram F, Jain Nikshita N, Mahapatra Satish S

Neonates are obligate nasal breathers. Therefore, any obstruction of the nasal cavity or nasopharynx can result in severe respiratory distress, cyanosis, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive. This condition can be life-threatening. Bilateral obstruction typically presents with severe symptoms that present in the neonatal period, whereas unilateral nasal obstruction presents later in life. In this pictorial essay, we illustrate the imaging features of various causes of neonatal nasal and nasopharyngeal airway obstruction and emphasize the role of cross-sectional imaging in prompt diagnosis.

PMID 42903027
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PubMedThe Journal of the Association of Physicians of India2026-10-22

Common Cold-An Update.

Mohapatra Prasanta Raghab PR, Mishra Baijayantimala B

The common cold, a mild yet highly prevalent upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), imposes a substantial societal and economic burden through healthcare costs, lost productivity, and widespread morbidity. Primarily caused by diverse respiratory viruses (e.g., rhinoviruses, coronaviruses), it encompasses a spectrum of acute infections affecting the nasal passages, throat, larynx, and bronchi, manifesting as rhinitis, pharyngitis, or bronchitis. Framed by the "iceberg concept" of disease, most cases are mild or asymptomatic, yet severe outcomes (e.g., exacerbations of chronic conditions) contribute to rare mortality. Management focuses on symptom relief: decongestants and antihistamines alleviate nasal congestion and cough in adults, though cough suppressants are discouraged in children. Despite its self-limiting nature, the common cold underscores challenges in primary care due to viral diversity and a lack of targeted therapies. Annual influenza vaccination, while not preventing colds, mitigates flu-related complications, indirectly reducing overlapping URTI burdens. Public health strategies emphasizing prevention, symptom management, and judicious antibiotic use remain critical to curbing its widespread impact.

PMID 42902648
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PubMedThe Journal of the Association of Physicians of India2026-10-22

Updates in Rhinitis: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances.

Darji Bhagyesh Lalitchandra BL

Rhinitis is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa. It significantly impacts a person's health and quality of life. Traditionally, it is categorized as allergic rhinitis (AR) or nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). Recent advancements have led to a more nuanced understanding of its pathophysiology, classification, and management. This review emphasizes key updates over the last decade. The focus is on evolving concepts in phenotyping and endotyping, novel insights into disease mechanisms, advancements in diagnosis, and emerging therapeutic strategies, including biologics and targeted nerve interventions. The recognition of local allergic rhinitis (LAR), the role of innate immunity and epithelial barrier dysfunction, and the increasing array of precision medicine options underscore a paradigm shift toward personalized management. Despite these newer advances, challenges remain in fully characterizing NAR and optimizing therapeutic guidelines. This review aims to provide an overview of these transformative developments, guiding clinicians and researchers toward more effective and tailored approaches to treat rhinitis.

PMID 42902673
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PubMedDanish medical journal2026-10-22

Early discrimination of preterm prelabour rupture of foetal membranes in nulliparous women.

Kirk Mille M, Koch Milos M MM, Nathan Nina O NO, Budtz-Jørgensen Esben E et al.

Biologic therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have been approved in Denmark since 2022. Chest X-ray (CXR) was implemented by the Global Airways Steering Group as pre-treatment screening to identify pulmonary conditions and monitor adverse effects. This study evaluates the utility of routine CXR screening before initiating biological therapy in patients with CRSwNP. Baseline data, including chest X-ray, were collected prospectively in the nationwide Global Airways Registry (approved by the Danish Research Ethics Committee R. no.: H-21020685) and analysed in May 2025. A total of 511 patients (335 males, 176 females; mean age 46.5 ± 14.6) years were identified and included in this study; 247 patients were initiated on biologic therapy. In the treatment group, 136 (55%) had normal CXRs, and 12 (5%) had abnormal findings. Among the 264 patients who did not receive biologic treatment, 143 (54%) had normal CXRs and ten (4%) demonstrated abnormal findings. Routine baseline CXR screening before biologic therapy in patients with CRSwNP identified few abnormal findings. Accordingly, routine CXR is likely to offer limited clinical benefit. The Global Airways database is funded by GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi and Astra Zeneca. None of the pharmaceutical companies has access to data. Not relevant.

PMID 42902751
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PubMedZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics2026-10-22

[A multicenter study on vibrating mesh nebulization of pulmonary surfactant for treating respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants].

Wu Yu-Meng YM, Chen Xin X, Li Ru-Na RN, Sun Si-Ying SY et al.

To evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation combined with vibrating mesh nebulization of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and to identify predictors of treatment failure. Preterm infants with RDS (gestational age >28 weeks, birth weight >1 000 g) admitted to neonatal intensive care units at 12 hospitals between June 2023 and November 2024 were prospectively enrolled. All infants initially received nasal continuous positive airway pressure and were treated with PS administered via vibrating mesh nebulization. Infants were categorized into a success group or a failure group according to whether escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation via endotracheal intubation was required. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of failure of vibrating mesh nebulized PS treatment. A prediction model was constructed, and its performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC). A total of 126 preterm infants with RDS were included, with 107 (84.9%) in the success group and 19 (15.1%) in the failure group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that nonstandard antenatal glucocorticoid use, a lower 1-minute Apgar score, chest radiograph showing RDS grade ≥III, and a lower ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) to fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (PaO2/FiO2) at 30 minutes after treatment were independent predictors of treatment failure (P<0.05). The prediction model for treatment failure based on these four factors yielded an AUC of 0.857 (95%CI: 0.789-0.943), with a sensitivity of 84.21% and a specificity of 74.53%. The cutoff values for the 1-minute Apgar score and PaO2/FiO2 at 30 minutes after treatment were <8 and <220 mmHg, respectively. Noninvasive ventilation combined with vibrating mesh nebulization of PS achieves a high success rate in preterm infants with RDS who had a gestational age >28 weeks and a birth weight >1 000 g. Nonstandard antenatal glucocorticoid use, a 1-minute Apgar score <8, chest radiograph showing RDS grade ≥III, and PaO2/FiO2 <220 mmHg at 30 minutes after treatment are independent predictors of treatment failure.

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PubMedBMC veterinary research2026-10-21

Inhalable epitope vaccine 1022-SpaA V3 establishes nasal mucosal fortress against zoonotic Streptococcus suis.

Chen Hong H, Zheng Yu Y, Mei Jikun J, Zhang Peng P et al.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2), a zoonotic pathogen, can breach the respiratory barriers and cause systemic infections in both humans and swine. Current vaccines against SS2 are mainly formulated as an injectable product and primarily induce serum IgG antibodies. However, there is an urgent need for inhalable vaccines that induce the mucosal immune response. Leveraging immunoinformatics, we designed a multi-epitope vaccine targeting conserved epitopes from two virulence factors of SS2, SSU05-1022 (IgA1 protease) and SpaA (pilus-associated protein). Four cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL), seven helper T-lymphocyte (HTL), and six B-cell epitopes were selected and fused using AAY/GPGPG/EAAAK linkers, with the L7/L12 ribosomal protein incorporated as an immunostimulatory adjuvant. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed strong binding affinity between the vaccine (1022-SpaA V3 ) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4),and further cellular experiments confirmed that TLR4 mediated the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression induced by the candidate vaccine in macrophages. The recombinant vaccine was subsequently successfully expressed in vitro with high solubility. Intranasal delivery of 60 µg vaccine robustly elevated respiratory mucosal sIgA and IgG in serum, enhanced the proportion of B and CD4⁺T cells in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT), lungs and spleens, and activated the CD80⁺ dendritic cell/macrophage in NALT and lungs. Challenge experiments in mice indicated that the inhalable vaccine provided significant, albeit strain-dependent, protection against selected SS2 clinical isolates, including the virulent strain SC19, 05ZYH33, CVCC606, and JZLQ022. Thus, these data suggest that the 1022-SpaA V3 vaccine, optimized through epitope prioritization, adjuvant synergy, and mucosal delivery, represents a promising candidate for combating SS2 infections via dual mucosal-systemic immunity.

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