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sodium chondroitin sulfate (Uracyst / Uropol)

✓ Approved

Actavis · therapeutic agent

What is sodium chondroitin sulfate?

sodium chondroitin sulfate is a therapeutic agent developed by Actavis. It is approved for therapeutic indications via intravesical injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesUracyst, Uropol
CompanyActavis
RouteIntravesical Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Actavis

Therapeutic Indications

sodium chondroitin sulfate is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Renal and urinary disordersUrinary tract inflammation✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedThe Journal of the Association of Physicians of India2026-10-22

Etiological Spectrum of Hyponatremia in Tuberculous Meningitis: Insights from Referral Institute in Northern India.

Singla Neeraj N, Nc Meiherishankar M, Sharma Kusum K, Modi Manish M et al.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) causes death or severe disability in 50% of afflicted patients. Among the various complications, such as hydrocephalus, hyponatremia, cranial nerve palsies, seizures, and myeloradiculopathy, hyponatremia occurs more frequently, affecting 35-65% of patients with central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis. To study the prevalence of hyponatremia in patients with TBM and its correlation with the clinical profile, severity of illness, and outcome. In suspected TBM patients with low sodium levels, serum and urine osmolality were measured by an osmometer [Advanced Instruments, Inc. (2020)] to evaluate the possible causes. Patients underwent brain imaging to look for hydrocephalus, vasculitic infarcts, and basal exudates. They were followed up with serum sodium levels until the completion of treatment and repeat brain imaging during follow-up to assess radiological recovery. A total of 100 suspected TBM patients with a mean age of 32.6 years and predominantly female (57%) were included. The most common symptoms were fever, headache, altered sensorium, and seizures. The VI cranial nerve was most frequently involved. A total of 31% of patients presented in stage III, with a significant association with mortality (p = 0.002). Hyponatremia was seen in 57% of patients. The GeneXpert Ultra-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for tuberculosis was positive in 41% of patients. Basal exudates (p = 0.001) and tuberculomas (p = 0.004) on brain imaging had a significant association with mortality. On follow-up, 41% of patients had improvement, 35% expired, and 10% had a static condition. Repeat sodium levels along with brain imaging were assessed (p = 0.001). There was a high prevalence of hyponatremia in TBM patients, as seen in 57% of patients, which occurred most frequently due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), followed by cerebral salt-wasting syndrome (CSWS), and was related to the severity of TBM.

PMID 42902663
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PubMedMaterials and structures2026-10-22

Durability of MgO-based binders: a critical review from RILEM TC 311-MBC.

Mundra Shishir S, Hallet Vincent V, Bernard Ellina E, Ilango Nirupama Kamala NK et al.

The urgent need to decarbonise the cement industry has motivated global research on MgO-based cements, including magnesium oxychloride (MOC), oxysulfate (MOS), carbonate (MC), and silicate (MS) cements. While this new class of cements may offer material advantages over Portland cement, questions surrounding their long-term durability continue to limit their broader implementation. This critical review, prepared for RILEM TC 311-MBC, evaluates the durability literature on these four types of MgO-based binders. Findings show that while MOC and MOS cements exhibit attractive early-age strength, they suffer rapid strength loss under sustained exposure to moisture because their main hydrates are highly soluble. Field test data is critically needed. MC binders, dominated by hydrous carbonate-bearing brucite, exhibit good resistance to chloride and sulfate environments; however, their strength decreases with increasing humidity, and accelerated carbonation can trigger expansion or micro-cracking, depending on the availability of pore spaces. Contrastingly, MS cements develop dense M-S-H matrices with permeability and frost performance on par with, or better than, PC-based concretes. This promising class of cements resists natural carbonation but remains sensitive to micro-crack formation when nesquehonite precipitates in high CO2 environments. Across all MgO-based binders, reinforcement corrosion is driven by moisture transport rather than by differences in passivation due to the near-neutral pH of their pore solutions. The research community is encouraged to close these gaps so to advance the formulation of durable and environmentally sustainable MgO-based cements.

PMID 42903152
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PubMedDrug testing and analysis2026-10-22

Doping Control Analysis of Darbepoetin Alfa Biosimilars in Human Urine, Serum, Plasma, and Dried Blood Spots.

Akiyama Kentaro K, Sakurai Hikaru H, Sato Mitsuhiko M, Momobayashi Atsushi A et al.

Following the patent expiration of the originator darbepoetin alfa, three biosimilar products have been marketed in Japan; however, their detectability by current anti-doping methods has not yet been verified. The present study assessed whether these biosimilars can be detected in human urine, serum, plasma, and dried blood spots (DBS) using the established initial testing procedure and confirmation analysis for erythropoietin-receptor agonists. The originator product and three biosimilars (5 μg, i.v.) were administered to healthy male volunteers. Samples collected up to 72 h postdose were subjected to immunopurification followed by sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (SAR-PAGE) as the initial testing procedure. Confirmation was performed by SAR-PAGE with double blotting for serum and plasma. DBS and urine samples were confirmed by SAR-PAGE using an alternative antibody, and urine samples were further examined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). SAR-PAGE analysis of the pharmaceutical preparations revealed product-specific electrophoretic profiles: two biosimilars migrated slightly above one originator product as diffused smears, whereas the third produced a sharp band comparable to that of another originator product. Similar profiles were observed in postdose samples from all biological matrices, and all biosimilars remained detectable in urine, serum, plasma, and DBS for at least 72 h. Although some biosimilars showed distinct SAR-PAGE banding patterns, product attribution remained limited. LC-MS/MS confirmed administered darbepoetin alfa in the 24 h urine samples but did not detect analyte in lower concentration samples, indicating that its performance was concentration-dependent. Accordingly, SAR-PAGE should incorporate reference standards beyond the originator product, particularly those with different band morphologies.

PMID 42902912
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PubMedTherapeutic hypothermia and temperature management2026-10-21

Renin-Aldosterone Activation and Enhanced Urinary Potassium Excretion in Asphyxiated Newborns Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Prospective Study.

Baştuğ Osman O, İnan Bahadır B, Özdemir Ahmet A, Baştuğ Funda F et al.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a critical neonatal condition for which therapeutic hypothermia (TH) remains the cornerstone of neuroprotective intervention. Clinical observations and prior studies note that electrolyte imbalances-particularly hyponatremia and hypokalemia-frequently emerge during TH. Therefore, this study explores how activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may contribute to sodium (Na) and potassium (K) disturbances in asphyxiated neonates receiving TH. In this prospective study, 38 newborns with HIE treated with TH and 21 healthy term newborns were enrolled. Serum renin, aldosterone, Na, K, and urinary electrolyte levels were measured at 24, 48, and 72 hours postnatally. Receiver operating characteristic analyses assessed the diagnostic performance of renin and aldosterone. Renin and aldosterone levels were significantly elevated in the TH group compared with controls (p < 0.05). Serum sodium levels were consistently lower at all time points (p = 0.001), while potassium levels were significantly reduced at 24 and 72 hours (p < 0.05). Fractional excretion of sodium was increased at 24 hours, and potassium excretion remained elevated throughout the TH period (p < 0.05). Among the biomarkers, aldosterone demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance at 24 hours (AUC = 0.919). Activation of the RAAS is evident in asphyxiated neonates undergoing TH, with aldosterone playing a pivotal role in electrolyte disturbances. These results highlight the clinical importance of vigilant monitoring and timely correction of serum sodium and potassium levels during the hypothermia protocol.

PMID 42902593
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PubMedJournal of materials science. Materials in medicine2026-10-21

Fused filament fabrication of radiopaque barium sulfate-reinforced polyetheretherketone composites for thin-walled patient-specific orbital reconstruction.

Oteiza Jokin Zubizarreta JZ, Krieger Yannick Y, Seiler Daniel D, Cattin Philippe C PC et al.

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) of high-performance thermoplastic composites for medical applications remains challenging due to the need to meet geometric precision, mechanical, and functional requirements. This study presents the first systematic evaluation of FFF radiopaque barium sulfate-reinforced polyetheretherketone (BaSO₄-PEEK) for patient-specific orbital reconstruction, addressing dimensional accuracy, mechanical properties, and surgical precision in thin-walled implants. Six implants per material group (unfilled PEEK and 20 wt% BaSO₄-PEEK) with 0.8 mm nominal wall thickness and complex orbital geometries were fabricated and evaluated. Optical scanning showed submillimeter-level dimensional accuracy, with root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.31 ± 0.09 mm for unfilled PEEK and 0.33 ± 0.08 mm for BaSO₄-PEEK, confirming that incorporating an organic filler does not compromise manufacturability. Biomechanical testing revealed that FFF BaSO₄-PEEK implants maintained adequate puncture strength (17.58 ± 0.46 N/mm²), comparable to titanium mesh. Radiographically, BaSO₄-PEEK implants provided a 38% higher contrast-to-noise ratio than titanium and eliminated metal artefacts that obscured adjacent soft tissues. Cadaveric implantation demonstrated reconstruction accuracy (RMSE) of 0.61 ± 0.15 mm, which was better than that of manually contoured titanium mesh. These results establish FFF as a viable manufacturing method for complex, thin-walled, radiopaque PEEK composite orbital implants that provide sufficient dimensional control and mechanical performance in clinical scenarios.

PMID 42902097
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PubMedAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2026-10-21

Anion-Cation Targeted Regulation Enables Ultrafast and Stable Sodium Metal Batteries at Low Temperatures.

Zhang Tonghui T, Xiao Ying Y, Han Yu Y, Wang Xinyu X et al.

Anion-dominated solvation and artificial interfacial engineering have been intensively pursued for low-temperature sodium-metal batteries (SMBs), yet they face constraints from temperature-sensitive solvation dynamics and interfacial control. Here we propose anion-cation-targeted regulation via Sn(OTf)2 that simultaneously constructs a solvent-reinforced solvation structure and electrochemically induces an alloy-based solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) (Na15Sn4), which goes beyond the prevailing anion-centric strategy to address the critical challenges of SMBs at subzero temperatures. Competitive Sn2+-Na+ coordination excludes PF6 - from the primary solvation sheath, while OTf- and the ether groups of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME) coupling foster a solvent-dominated configuration, substantially reducing the Na+ desolvation energy barrier at low temperatures. This design enables Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 cells to deliver a recorded 1050 cycles at -20°C and 20 C, and nearly 700 cycles at -50°C. Ah-scale pouch cells sustain durable 450 cycles at -20°C, with a 6 Ah cell reaching 215 Wh kg-1 at 25°C (total cell mass). Our findings resolve the longstanding trade-off between low-temperature kinetics and stability in SMBs, offering a new design rationale beyond conventional interfacial engineering.

PMID 42902465
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