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chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol (Balianca / Belara / CG5025)

✓ Approved

Faes · AR · Small Molecule

What is chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol?

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol is a small molecule developed by Faes. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesBalianca, Belara, CG5025
CompanyFaes
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetAR, ESR1
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Faes

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol acts on 2 molecular targets:

ARandrogen receptor (TFM, NR3C4)
ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ESR, ESTRR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Reproductive system and breast disordersPolycystic ovaries✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersPolycystic ovarian syndrome✓ Approved

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Kalsoom Umme U, Hussain Zahid Z, Khan Salman S, Ahmad Naveed N et al.

Ziziphus jujuba is a medicinal plant known for its rich content of antioxidants including flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, and triterpenoids. This study determines the effect of solvent polarity on the extraction yield and investigates phytochemical distribution of the extracts and its electrochemical behavior. Reflux extraction was used for the preparation of crude extracts, using methanol, ethanol, and water. The ethanolic extract was selected for solvent fractionation, using n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Among the extraction solvents, ethanol produced the highest crude yield (6.0% w/w). Following solvent-solvent fractionation, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest recovery among all fractions (0.30% w/w). The presence of flavonoid and saponin fractions was confirmed by phytochemical screening. The highest absorbance was observed in ethyl acetate fraction through UV visible spectrophotometric analysis, A = 0.711 for flavonoids at 415 nm and 0.330 for saponin at 406 nm. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) for ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions showed oxidation peaks at 0.50 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyzed functional groups of flavonoids and saponins. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified major flavonoids, that is, vicenin II, spinosin, kaemferol (glycoside), and saponins (jujubosides). The result stated that the polarity of solvents plays a vital role in extracting redox-active antioxidants from the leaves of Z. jujuba. Furthermore, it stated that ethyl acetate is the most effective fractionation solvent. This study gives analytical framework for extraction and characterization of antioxidant-rich fraction of Z. jujuba leaves along with emphasis on the role of solvent polarity in phytochemical recovery.

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Effect of Different Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Brands Used for Customized Mouthguards on Athlete Preferences, Wearability, Willingness to Pay, Clinical Performance, and Structural Deformation in Elite Soccer Players: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Clinical Trial.

Siqueira Luiz Felipe Rodrigues LFR, Pereira Ângelo Caetano Rodrigues Mathias ÂCRM, Fernandes Bruno Felipe BF, Perazzo Matheus de França MF et al.

Custom-made mouthguards are widely used to prevent sports-related dentoalveolar injuries, but evidence comparing commercial ethylene-vinyl acetate materials under real sporting conditions remains limited. This randomized crossover clinical trial evaluated whether three commercial ethylene-vinyl acetate brands (BioArt, Proform, and Polyshok) influence wearability, athlete preference, willingness to pay, clinical performance, and structural deformation in elite soccer players. Fourteen athletes were randomized to six sequences of three customized mouthguards in a double-blind crossover design. Each mouthguard underwent one week of clinical adjustment followed by four weeks of sports use. Wearability and preference were assessed using a questionnaire, willingness to pay by an auction method, and clinical performance by adaptation, retention, and stability. Structural deformation was evaluated before and after use by three-dimensional optical scanning and digital superimposition. Inferential comparisons were performed using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, whereas categorical outcomes were summarized descriptively. Eleven athletes completed all phases. Overall wearability did not differ significantly among brands, although breathing differed among the three materials. Proform was the most preferred brand (72.7%), whereas Polyshok showed the highest median willingness to pay (70 United States dollars). Deformation was greatest at the occlusal/incisal surface in several sectioning regions, but occlusal/incisal deformation did not differ significantly among brands. Most mouthguards remained adequately adapted after use. Descriptively, BioArt showed the highest final retention, whereas Proform showed the lowest final retention and was the only brand with reduced stability over time. The commercial ethylene-vinyl acetate brand did not significantly influence overall wearability or occlusal/incisal deformation, whereas athlete preference and willingness to pay varied among brands. Customized mouthguards showed measurable structural deformation after sports use while most remained adequately adapted, supporting material selection based on athlete-centered outcomes together with periodic clinical monitoring.

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Upcycling recycled PET into a conductive electrode for a molecularly imprinted polymer based electrochemical sensor for 17β-estradiol detection.

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The upcycling of plastic waste into advanced materials has emerged as a promising strategy across various technologies, including the development of next-generation sensors. This sustainable approach promotes green technological development. In this work, we transformed recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) into a functional conductive electrode substrate for a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based electrochemical sensor for the detection of 17β-estradiol (E2). The latter also serves as a relevant model compound as a pollutant to study the sensor's applicability in complex matrices. The MIP-based sensor was fabricated by the electropolymerization of an o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) monomer in the presence of E2 template molecules and gold(iii) chloride trihydrate onto gold-coated rPET substrates. The physical properties of MIP films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurement, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The binding of E2 molecules to the MIP surface hindered electron transfer of the redox probes, resulting in a concentration-dependent suppression of the electrochemical current measured by square wave voltammetry. The sensor showed high affinity for E2 molecules with a dissociation constant (K d) of 11.2 nM over a linear detection range of E2 concentrations (0.5-500 nM), and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.18 and 0.41 nM in PBS and in wastewater samples without any complex pretreatment steps, respectively. This developed MIP-based sensor demonstrated the potential of alternative sensors for real-world environmental monitoring of trace endocrine disruptors, while successfully converting rPET into valuable technological products offers a practical roadmap to accelerate the development of sustainable and circular electronics.

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Enterococcus duransstrain AMA1 prohibiting free radicals, colon cancer and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus.

Arafat Hussam H HH, Shoulkamy Mahmoud A MA, Imam Mohamed M MM, Ali Amany M A AMA

This research was conducted to determine bioactivity of ethyl acetate extract of our strain Enterococcus durans AMA1 that was previously isolated from bovine yoghurt. The study includes detecting of antimicrobial efficiency against Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus ATCC 33591 (MRSA), antibiofilm, antioxidant activity, anti-colon cancer activity and cytotoxicity. We also investigated the bioactive polyphenols in E. durans extract, which are widely documented in plants, fungi and Actinomycetes, but not well-discovered in enterococci. The isolate E. durans strain AMA1 showed high antimicrobial potency towards MRSA with antibiofilm activity of 90.58% at a concentration (75% of MBC), while the least recorded effect was 58.15% at a concentration of (25% of MBC). Scavenging activities of free radicals were (30.9%) and (91.0%) at concentrations of (1.95 µg/mL) and (1,000 µg/mL) respectively, while Ascorbic ranged from (42.0%) to (98.2%) at the same concentrations. Ethyl acetate extract caused toxicity of 97.19% to normal cells at 1,000 µg/mL, but no serious effect (0.46%) was recorded at 125 µg/mL. It was also highly toxic to colon cancer with percentage of 96.64% at 1,000 µg/mL, and was still effective at 125 µg/mL with toxicity of 58.60%. Using HPLC technique, it was detected that gallic acid was the major one (511.75 µg/mL), followed by catechin (378.67 µg/mL), naringenin (372.10 µg/mL), coumaric acid (174.40 µg/mL) and methyl gallate (145.87 µg/mL). The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05109-y.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) represents a growing healthcare threat, necessitating novel antimicrobial agent development. Mangrove-derived Streptomyces species offer promising potential as sources of bioactive compounds against drug-resistant pathogens. To isolate and characterise a mangrove-derived Streptomyces isolate with anti-MRSE activity and identify its bioactive metabolites. Mangrove soil samples were screened for anti-MRSE activity. Isolate NELs-50 was identified through morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fermentation parameters were optimised, bioactive metabolites extracted with organic solvents, and characterised using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and stability assessments were conducted. NELs-50 was identified as Streptomyces pseudogriseolus (99% sequence similarity) with potent anti-MRSE activity (28.67 mm inhibition zone). Culture conditions were optimised for maximum antimicrobial production. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest activity (28.83 mm). The extract retained 41% activity at 121 °C, tolerated pH 2-12, and resisted enzymatic degradation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified nine compounds, with major components being pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine derivatives (100% peak area), and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (12.64%). Minimum inhibitory concentration against MRSE was 125 µg/mL. S. pseudogriseolus NELs-50 shows promising anti-MRSE activity and produces putative bioactive metabolites with broad pH tolerance but reduced activity at elevated temperatures, supporting its potential as a source of antimicrobial lead compounds. This study reports the isolation and characterisation of S. pseudogriseolus NELs-50 from Hainan mangroves. The ethyl acetate extract showed broad pH tolerance but was heat-sensitive at elevated temperatures, retaining only 41% activity after treatment at 121 °C. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified nine putative metabolites, suggesting that NELs-50 may serve as a promising source of antimicrobial lead compounds against multidrug-resistant pathogens.

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