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chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol (Balianca / Belara / CG5025)

✓ Approved

Faes · AR · Small Molecule

What is chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol?

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol is a small molecule developed by Faes. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesBalianca, Belara, CG5025
CompanyFaes
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetAR, ESR1
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Faes

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol acts on 2 molecular targets:

ARandrogen receptor (TFM, NR3C4)
ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ESR, ESTRR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

chlormadinone acetate + ethinyl estradiol is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Reproductive system and breast disordersPolycystic ovaries✓ Approved
Endocrine disordersPolycystic ovarian syndrome✓ Approved

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Processing effects on metabolites and volatiles in turnip (Brassica rapa L.) products: a targeted metabolomics study.

Zhou Yuxuan Y, Liu Zimeng Z, Li Chunyan C, Wang Bin B et al.

Turnips are rich in phenolics, saponins, and glucosinolates, but how different processing forms reshape their nutritional composition, aroma characteristics, and metabolite profiles remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically compare raw turnip (LL) with four processed products, including oral liquid (KF), powder (FM), syrup (TJ), and tablets (PJ), and to identify processing-associated compositional and aroma differences. HS-SPME-GC-MS, sensory evaluation, antioxidant assays, and UPLC-Q Exactive/MS-based targeted metabolomics were integrated. FM showed the highest total sugar content (413.4 mg/g DW), whereas KF had the highest soluble sugar content (211.98 mg/g DW) and antioxidant capacity. PJ exhibited the highest total phenolic (3.62 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid contents (2.58 mg RE/g DW), retained relatively high saponin content (1.82 mg/g DW), and showed the greatest diversity of detectable polyphenolic metabolites. FM was enriched in dihydromyrcenol (513.31 μg/L), KF was characterized by phytol (77.15 μg/L), whereas TJ contained geosmin (161.29 μg/L), and PJ in nonanal (691.17 μg/L) and phenethyl acetate (208.27 μg/L). These findings provide an integrated basis for selecting processing strategies according to the desired compositional and aroma attributes of turnip-derived products.

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PubMedChemistry & biodiversity2026-08-26

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Chekroun-Bechlaghem Nadjat N, Belyagoubi-Benhammou Nabila N, Kaid Zineb Z, Zitouni Amel A et al.

This study investigated the phenolic composition and antioxidant potential of E. alata using an integrated approach combining phytochemical profiling, molecular docking, and Box-Behnken optimization of extraction conditions. Stem extracts were prepared by maceration, sonication, and ultrasound-assisted extraction using dichloromethane, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, and methanol/water. Solvent polarity markedly affected extraction efficiency, with methanol and aqueous methanol yielding the highest extraction rates (up to 26.11 ± 0.01%), total phenolics (58.09 ± 1.07 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (9.81 ± 0.11 mg CE/g DW), condensed tannins (635.23 ± 3.05 mg CE/g DW), antioxidant capacity (500.46 ± 55.10 mg AAE/g DW), and the lowest DPPH IC50 (0.005 ± 0.001 mg/mL). RP-HPLC-PDA identified nine phenolic compounds, with gallic acid as the predominant constituent. Molecular docking of gallic acid against human aromatase (CYP19A1) revealed favorable binding (ΔG = -5.88 kcal/mol; Ki = 49.38 µM), supported by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Box-Behnken response surface analysis generated significant quadratic models (R2 > 0.95), enabling optimization of extraction conditions for maximum phenolic recovery and antioxidant activity. These findings identify E. alata as a promising natural source of gallic acid and bioactive phenolic antioxidants.

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An observational study of menstrual function and related hormones before and after treatment of Cushing syndrome.

Brown Brielle M BM, McGlotten Raven R, Nieman Lynnette K LK, Elenius Henrik H

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PubMedThe MAK collection for occupational health and safety2026-08-25

2-(Propyloxy)ethyl acetate: MAK Value Documentation, addendum - Translation of the German version from 2024.

Hartwig Andrea A, MAK Commission

The German Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area (MAK Commission) re-evaluated the occupational exposure limit value (maximum concentration at the workplace, MAK value) for 2-(propyloxy)ethyl acetate (2-propoxyethyl acetate) [20706-25-6] considering all toxicological end points. 2-(Propyloxy)ethyl acetate is a haemolytic and irritant glycol ether acetate. Relevant studies were identified from a literature search. The haemolytic activity of 2-(propyloxy)ethyl acetate in vivo and data from other glycol ether acetates suggest that it is probably metabolized to 2-(propyloxy)ethanol. The haemolytic activity of both compounds is mediated by the corresponding alkoxy acid; in vitro, it was lower in human erythrocytes than in rat erythrocytes. The critical effect identified in a subchronic study in rats was irritation. A NOAEC (no observed adverse effect concentration) was not obtained. The systemic NOAEC relevant for humans is 211 ml/m3. In analogy to 2-(propyloxy)ethanol, the MAK value of 2-(propyloxy)ethyl acetate has been lowered to 10 ml/m3. This exposure limit protects workers also against systemic toxicity. The substance remains assigned to Peak Limitation Category I with an excursion factor of 2. The Commission has re-evaluated a prenatal toxicity study in rats, deriving a NOAEC for developmental toxicity of 200 ml/m3. The margin between the NOAEC and the MAK value is sufficient even after considering the increased respiratory volume at the workplace. Therefore, damage to the embryo or foetus is unlikely if the MAK value is not exceeded and 2-(propyloxy)ethyl acetate remains assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group C. Studies investigating the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential are not available. Percutaneous absorption can contribute significantly to systemic toxicity and 2-(propyloxy)ethyl acetate remains designated with the "H" notation. In a screening study with guinea pigs, no evidence of a skin sensitizing potential was observed.

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