Drug Database
CL

clomipramine hydrochloride + sildenafil citrate (Gusejeong / DKB22002 / DKB 22002)

✓ Approved

DongKoo Bio & Pharma · PDE5A · Small Molecule

What is clomipramine hydrochloride + sildenafil citrate?

clomipramine hydrochloride + sildenafil citrate is a small molecule developed by DongKoo Bio & Pharma. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesGusejeong, DKB22002, DKB 22002
CompanyDongKoo Bio & Pharma
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetPDE5A
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, DongKoo Bio & Pharma

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

clomipramine hydrochloride + sildenafil citrate acts on 1 molecular target:

PDE5Aphosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5, CGB-PDE)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

clomipramine hydrochloride + sildenafil citrate is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Psychiatric disordersPremature ejaculation✓ Approved
Reproductive system and breast disordersErectile dysfunction✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedZhonghua nan ke xue = National journal of andrology2026-11-12

[Effect of Yishen Tongluo Formula on erectile function in diabetic erectile dysfunction rats based on the RhoA/ROCK/MYPT1 signaling pathway].

Lü Shuilin S, Li Xun X, Hao Gaoli G, He Xin X et al.

Objective To observe the effects of Yishen Tongluo Formula on the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats and explore its potential mechanisms. Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group（n=6） and a diabetes group（n=24）. A type 1 diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin at 60 mg/kg. After successful establishment, all rats were kept for another 8 weeks, and then subcutaneously injected with 100 μg/kg APO in the neck for erectile stimulation. The penile erection status of each group of rats was observed within 30 minutes. Rats with erectile dysfunction were randomly divided into model group, sildenafil group and Yishen Tongluo Formula group. After 28 consecutive days of intragastric administration, the body weight, fasting blood glucose and penile organ indexes of each group of rats were compared. Western blot and HE staining were used to detect the expression of penile tissue-related proteins and histopathological changes. Results Compared with the blank group, the blood glucose and body weight of rats in the diabetes group increased significantly (P<0.05). And the penile mass of rats in the blank group was greater than that of the other three groups (P<0.05). Compared with the model group and the sildenafil group, the blood glucose of rats in the Yishen Tongluo Formula group decreased significantly (P<0.05), the penile mass increased (P<0.05), and the frequency of erections increased (P<0.05). The results of HE staining showed that compared with the model group and the sildenafil group, the corpus cavernosum structure and connective tissue damage in the Yishen Tongluo Formula group were partially repaired, and the number of local red blood cells increased. Compared with the model group and the sildenafil group, the expression of RhoA and ROCK2 proteins in the penile tissue of rats in the Yishen Tongluo Formula group significantly decreased (P<0.001), and the expression of MYPT1 increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Yishen Tongluo Formula has an improving effect on erectile function in rats with diabetic erectile dysfunction. It is speculated that this may be related to its down-regulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway, up-regulation of MYPT1 protein expression, regulation of glucose metabolism, and improvement of penile mass and blood perfusion.

PMID 43017718
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PubMedXenotransplantation2026-11-12

High-Density Dynamic Culture of Neonatal Porcine Islets Improves Islet Recovery and Function Post-Transplantation.

Helmi Summer A SA, Castro Chelsea C, Stachniak Soren S, Bose Arghyadip A et al.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, necessitating lifelong exogenous insulin therapy. Scalable β-cell replacement strategies are needed to reproducibly increase ß cell production. Neonatal porcine islets (NPIs) are a promising xenogeneic source of ß cells; however, limited manufacturing scalability hinders clinical translation. This study optimizes a dynamic culture system to assess its potential for scalable NPIs production for clinical translation. NPIs were cultured under three conditions: static suspension and dynamic suspension in a PBS Mini Vertical-Wheel bioreactor at 4.5K (Bio 4.5) and 6.0K (Bio 6.0) NPIs/ml. NPI recovery and composition were evaluated via total DNA, insulin content, and β-cell recovery. Functional and structural assessments included glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and immunohistochemistry. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J mice received transplants of NPIs from static or Bio 6.0 cultures. Metabolic function was assessed by non-fasting glucose and IPGTT, alongside histological analysis of explanted grafts. Bio 6.0 NPIs demonstrated significantly higher DNA (p < 0.001), insulin content (p < 0.0001), and β cell recovery (p < 0.01), with increased β-cells per pancreas (p < 0.05), smaller aggregate size (p < 0.0001), and improved morphology. In vivo, Bio 6.0 grafts achieved faster glycemic normalization (p < 0.05) and improved IPGTT outcomes at 10 weeks (p < 0.05). Histology confirmed cohesive architecture and strong insulin staining. High-density bioreactor culture enhances NPIs performance and the potential for scalability, improving diabetes reversal and supporting clinical translation for β cell replacement therapy.

PMID 43016059
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PubMedBMC oral health2026-11-12

Influence of irrigation activation methods for intracanal medicament removal on the bond strength to dentin.

Sevgen Doğancan D, Mutlu Şeref Nur ŞN

The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of removing calcium silicate-based (Bio-C Temp) and calcium hydroxide-based (UltraCal XS) intracanal medicaments via manual and ultrasonic activation methods on the bond strength of bioceramic-based (Bioserra) and resin-based (AH Plus) root canal sealers to dentin. Eighty single-rooted, single-canal human teeth were used in this study. After root canal preparation, the samples were randomly assigned to three main groups: UltraCal XS (n = 32), Bio-C Temp (n = 32), and a control group with no medicament application (n = 16). The medicament groups were further subdivided according to the removal technique into manual irrigation and ultrasonic activation subgroups. The root canals were obturated via either AH Plus or Bioserra sealers. Push-out bond strength tests were performed on the obtained sections, and failure modes were evaluated under a stereomicroscope. Three-way ANOVA revealed that only the medicament type significantly affected the bond strength (p = 0.001); the activation method and sealer type did not (p > 0.05). In the UltraCal XS groups, where the medicament was removed via manual irrigation, the bond strength values were significantly lower than those in the Bio-C Temp and control groups (p < 0.05). Compared with manual irrigation, ultrasonic activation significantly increased the bond strength of the AH Plus sealer in the UltraCal XS group (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were detected between activation methods (manual or ultrasonic) or sealer types (AH Plus or Bioserra) in the Bio-C Temp groups. Mixed-type failure was the most frequently observed failure mode. The type of intracanal medicament was the only factor with a significant overall effect on bond strength. Manual irrigation appeared to reduce the bond strength with calcium hydroxide-based UltraCal XS, whereas ultrasonic activation showed no clear advantage for calcium silicate-based Bio-C Temp.

PMID 43015708
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PubMedThe journal of physical chemistry letters2026-11-12

Bio-Inspired Crystal Machine Learning for Band Gap Prediction in Hybrid Halide Perovskite Monolayers.

Zhang Zhaosheng Z, Liu Yanbo Y, Liu Jiadong J, Xi Yiheng Y

Bio-inspired sparse connectivity offers a compact route for exchanging global information in crystal learning, but it has rarely been explored for inorganic-organic solids. We develop FlyCrysNet for band gap prediction in 357 relaxed A2BX4 hybrid halide perovskite monolayers and evaluate it alongside 17 established crystal machine learning models. The 18 models represent descriptor-based neural networks, message-passing graph neural networks, crystal graph Transformers, physics-informed long-range and reciprocal-space models, and bio-inspired sparse graph networks. Their test root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) range from 0.222 to 0.405 eV. ReciNet gives the smallest error, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.171 eV, an RMSE of 0.222 eV, and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.966. FlyCrysNet combines a periodic graph encoder with a fixed sparse feature mixer and learnable topology control, reaching a test RMSE of 0.227 eV and an R2 of 0.964. It ranks second by test RMSE and forms a high-accuracy group with ReciNet, PotNet, and iComFormer. Topology controls further show that the sparse mixing framework remains stable under self-only, random, degree-preserving, and unweighted variants. Two low-gap Sn-I monolayers identified from the learned chemical space were examined using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof screened hybrid functional (HSE06). (iPA)2SnI4 and (EA)2SnI4 retain direct gaps at Γ points of 1.61 and 1.40 eV, respectively, with band edges dominated by the Sn-I framework. The results establish bio-inspired sparse feature mixing as an effective crystal learning strategy and connect accurate band gap prediction with focused electronic structure analysis of hybrid perovskite monolayers.

PMID 43018317
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PubMedOxford medical case reports2026-11-12

Pulmonary hypertension secondary to IgG4-related disease: a case report and literature review.

Alkhanafsa Mohammed M, Wafi Jamil J, Mosleh Osayd O, Alkhatib Mohammed M et al.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory condition that can involve multiple organs, including the kidneys, but pulmonary vascular involvement is rare. We present a 29-year-old Nepalese male with known IgG4-RD kidney involvement who developed progressive exertional dyspnea after two years of clinical stability on azathioprine. Chest imaging showed no underlying interstitial lung disease. Evaluation revealed severe pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) on right heart catheterization, with negative workup for common PH etiologies. After limited response to corticosteroid and azathioprine intensification, rituximab induction, followed by six-monthly maintenance cycles, was given while sildenafil and macitentan were continued. This led to marked clinical, biochemical, and hemodynamic improvement: NT-proBNP decreased from 1333 to 24 pg/mL, RVSP improved from 68 to 42.61 mmHg, and IgG4 decreased from 10.732 to 1.186 g/L. This case highlights that IgG4-RD can cause severe pre-capillary PH and may respond substantially to rituximab.

PMID 43017177
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PubMedBMC oral health2026-11-12

Fracture resistance and Weibull reliability of lithium disilicate molar endocrowns with deep margin elevation and polyethylene fiber reinforcement: an in vitro study.

Almarzoog Hussein R HR, Abtahi Sara S, Alikhasi Marzieh M, Siadat Hakimeh H

The biomechanical effect of immediate dentin sealing and deep margin elevation on lithium disilicate endocrowns after thermomechanical aging remains uncertain. This in vitro study compared fracture resistance, failure behavior, and Weibull reliability of lithium disilicate molar endocrowns restored using conventional, deep margin elevation, and polyethylene fiber-reinforced protocols. Forty-two endodontically treated mandibular first molars received standardized mesio-occluso-distal preparations and were distributed among three groups (n = 14). Group EC received conventional endocrowns with 4-mm pulpal chamber engagement. Group DME-EC received immediate dentin sealing and 2-mm deep margin elevation, with reduced pulpal chamber engagement. Group BIO-EC received immediate dentin sealing, deep margin elevation, and a polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite foundation with no pulpal chamber extension. Lithium disilicate endocrowns were fabricated using a digital workflow and heat pressing. Specimens underwent 10,000 thermocycles and 480,000 loading cycles at 50 N. Fracture loads were measured under compressive loading to failure by a blinded examiner. Fracture loads were compared among groups using Welch analysis of variance. Failure-mode distribution and reparability were evaluated using exact tests, and Weibull reliability was estimated. Mean fracture resistance was highest for Group EC (4009.70 ± 1024.73 N), followed by Group BIO-EC (3336.90 ± 474.18 N) and Group DME-EC (3271.26 ± 734.03 N). Welch analysis of variance did not identify a statistically significant difference among groups (F(2, 23.77) = 2.74, p = 0.085). Failure-mode distribution (p = 0.777) and reparability (p = 0.591) did not differ significantly. Group EC had the highest characteristic strength (4402.83 N), whereas Group BIO-EC had the highest Weibull modulus (9.81). Conventional endocrowns showed the highest mean fracture resistance, but the difference among protocols was not statistically significant. Because pulpal chamber engagement differed among protocols, the findings reflect the total effect of each restorative protocol rather than the isolated effect of deep margin elevation or fiber reinforcement. The BIO-EC protocol showed greater fracture-load consistency without higher ultimate strength.

PMID 43015726
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