polyvalent human immunoglobulin (liquid) (Clairyg)

Sibeprenlimab (Voyxact) for primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Reappraising the role of procalcitonin in predicting intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Kawasaki disease.

Kundavaram Rajkumar R, Kumar Amber A

Efficacy of Immunoglobulin Therapy for Secondary Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Gutowska Klaudia K, Kucińska-Chahwan Anna A, Bednarek Marta M, Jelitto Anna A et al.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading infectious cause of long-term neuro-sensory impairment. Aim of meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of antenatal immunoglobulin therapy-particularly cytomegalovirus-specific hyperimmune globulin (HIG)-in preventing vertical transmission and congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) in pregnancies complicated by primary maternal CMV infection. A search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online, Wiley Online Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar identified randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies including pregnant women with serologically confirmed primary CMV infection. Eligible interventions included antenatal CMV-specific or nonspecific immunoglobulins (vs placebo, usual care, historical controls, or no treatment), although all included studies evaluated CMV-specific HIG. Controlled studies showed no significant reduction in transmission (RR 0.73, 95% CI .54-1.00; P = .051) with moderate heterogeneity. The pooled transmission rate after HIG was 27.2%, with substantial heterogeneity. Current evidence does not support routine antenatal immunoglobulin to prevent cCMV.

Longitudinal changes in inflammatory markers and body weight in adults with primary immunodeficiency receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy: A retrospective cohort study.

Akgul Balaban Yasemin Y, Inan Mustafa Ilker MI, Kalkan Fikriye F, Sonmez Ezgi E et al.

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) is the cornerstone of treatment for adults with primary immunodeficiency [primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID)]. Its role in infection prevention is well established. However, its effects on systemic inflammation and metabolic parameters remain incompletely understood. This study evaluated one-year changes in inflammatory indices and body weight in adults with PID receiving intravenous (IVIG) or subcutaneous (SCIG) immunoglobulin therapy. This retrospective study included 32 adults with PID. The cohort consisted predominantly of patients with common variable immunodeficiency, along with selected cases of Good syndrome and CTLA-4 insufficiency. Patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (n = 22) or SCIG (n = 10). Inflammatory markers [neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil count] and body weight were assessed at baseline and after 12 months. Non-parametric tests were used due to sample size. Body weight increased significantly in both the IVIG (P = .01) and SCIG (P = .011) groups. In the IVIG group, CRP (P = .005), absolute neutrophil count (P = .017), and NLR (P = .034) decreased significantly. In the SCIG group, body weight increased significantly. However, changes in inflammatory markers were not significant. Platelet counts decreased (P = .012), while WBC counts increased (P = .016). IgRT was associated with increased body weight in adults with PID. This was consistent across both IVIG and SCIG groups. IVIG was also associated with reductions in inflammatory markers. These findings suggest that IgRT may have effects beyond infection prevention. Body weight may be a useful parameter during follow-up of adult PID patients.