Drug Database
MR

MR vaccine (Mebella)

✓ Approved

Indian Immunologicals · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is MR vaccine?

MR vaccine is a vaccine developed by Indian Immunologicals. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMebella
CompanyIndian Immunologicals
Drug ClassVaccine, Large Molecules
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Indian Immunologicals

Therapeutic Indications

MR vaccine is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsMeasles✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBMC public health2026-11-12

Evaluating parents' perceptions of infectious diseases and their levels of protection in terms of vaccination attitudes and vaccine hesitancy.

Gökçay Gönül G, Küçük Hulya Incirkuş HI, Sezer Nazlı Akar NA, Aydin Cansu Mine CM et al.

This research was conducted to evaluate parents' perceptions of infectious diseases and their levels of protection in terms of vaccination attitudes and vaccine hesitancy. The research is descriptive and relational was conducted online with 560 parents of children aged 0-5 years between March 8 and November 8, 2024. Convenience sampling method was used in the study. For data collection, a questionnaire form including personal information form, Perception Scale on Communicable Diseases (PSCD), Parental Attitudes Towards Childhood Vaccines Scale (PACVS), and Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) in parents of children under five years of age was used. The evaluation of data was performed via SPSS V-27.0 package program. A total of 560 parents took part in this study, and the participants scored an average of 148.81 ± 18.53 points on the PSCD total, 53.42 ± 8.91 points on the Vaccine Attitude Scale total, and 24.89 ± 8.49 points on the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale total. PSCD explains 13.4% of the total PACVS score. A low-level statistically significant correlation was found between the total PSCD and VHS scores. Parents' communicative disease perception and their protection levels affect their vaccination attitudes and vaccine hesitancy. Sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine knowledge and the sources from which they obtain information have both positive and negative relationships on vaccine attitude and vaccine hesitancy. In order to prevent the increasing vaccine refusal in the society, it is recommended that health professionals inform parents through individualized trainings on immunization.

PMID 43015717
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PubMedRevista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo2026-11-12

Comparative safety of the 20-valent and the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines in infants and toddlers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Ubaldo Helena Beckhäuser HB, Braga Maria Clara Abreu Vianna MCAV, Silva Elisama da Costa EDC, Lima Lenita de Melo LM

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the safety of the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine versus the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine in healthy infants and toddlers. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane on January 20, 2026, for randomized controlled trials comparing the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy infants and toddlers (0-3 years). We computed risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals for all outcomes, using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. Five randomized clinical trials were included, comprising 5,604 patients, of whom 3,059 received the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. There were no significant differences between the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in adverse event incidence after doses 1-3 (risk ratio 1.00; 95%CI 0.92-1.10; p=0.952; I2=0%), or after dose 4 (risk ratio 0.90; 95%CI 0.76-1.07; p=0.238; I2=36%). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in serious adverse events, fever, irritability, and injection site pain. The 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was associated with a higher incidence of decreased appetite after doses 2 (risk ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.02-1.24; p=0.019) and 3 (risk ratio 1.34, 95%CI 1.14-1.58; p<0.001). In contrast, a significantly lower risk of local redness was observed with the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine after dose 2 (risk ratio 0.93; 95%CI 0.86-0.99; p=0.034). The 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine demonstrated a safety profile largely comparable to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, supporting its use in routine pediatric immunization programs.

PMID 43017995
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PubMedBrazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas2026-11-12

Gut microbiota, immune cell traits, and infectious mononucleosis: a two-sample mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Wu Guolian G, Wang Meiling M, Si Yonghua Y, Wang Xue X et al.

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. This study assessed the causal association between the gut microbiota (GM) and IM and how the immune cells are mediators of this process through Mendelian randomization (MR). Two-step, two-sample MR was used to test the overall causal impact of GM on IM, the impact of GM on 731 immune cell characteristics, and the indirect effect of GM on IM. GM summary statistics (207 taxa, 7,738 Dutch participants), immune cell genome-wide association studies (GWAS, 3,757 Sardinians), and IM data (3,838 cases/486,087 controls, FinnGen R12) were used. P<1e-5, LD r2<0.001, and F>10 were used as the criteria in selecting instrumental variables. Bidirectionality MR and mediation MR with 1000 bootstrap replications were done to determine reverse causality and proportional mediation effects. MR analysis revealed 12 GM taxa with protective effects against IM and three taxa associated with an increased risk of IM. G__Lachnospiraceae_noname increased IM, and o__Burkholderiales.f__Oxalobacteraceae and g__Oxalobacter_formigenes had protective effects. IM had no impact on GM composition, and 22 immune cell characteristics were causally associated with IM with 10 risk-enhancing and 12 protective traits. The increased absolute count of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC AC) mediated 10.4% and the reduced percentage of CM CD8br %CD8br mediated -13.3% of the protective effect of o__Burkholderiales.f__Oxalobacteraceae. The results offer an important piece of information on microbial and immunologic targets of IM prevention.

PMID 43018014
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-11-12

Multidimensional analysis explores the correlation and potential molecular mechanisms between serum uric acid and risk of gastric cancer.

Wei Wene W, Zhao Fuxing F, Fu Qi Q, Shen Xian Liang XL et al.

To investigate the causal association between SUA and gastric cancer risk and elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was adopted. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses included the MR-Egger intercept test for horizontal pleiotropy, Cochran's Q-test for heterogeneity, and leave-one-out analysis. SNP-mapped genes were analyzed for expression profiles, prognostic value and functional enrichment in gastric cancer using TCGA data. In vitro validation was performed in uric acid-treated AGS gastric cancer cells to assess cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress markers and PI3K/AKT pathway activity. Genetically elevated SUA was causally associated with reduced gastric cancer risk in the IVW analysis (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62-0.92, p = 0.006), with consistent directional estimates across other MR methods. Sensitivity analyses indicated significant heterogeneity (Cochran's Q, p = 3.5 × 10⁻⁵) but no directional horizontal pleiotropy (MR-Egger intercept, p = 0.185). Two outlier SNPs were identified by MR-PRESSO, and outlier-corrected estimate remains significant (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.77-1.00, p = 0.048), which confirmed the robustness of the SUA protective effects. Among 36 identified SNP-mapped genes, 25 were differentially expressed in gastric cancer, and 6 (ABCG2, BICC1, CFAP73, GNAS, MXD3, PNPLA3) were significantly associated with overall survival. These genes were enriched in uric acid metabolism, carboxylic acid transport and the mTOR signaling pathway. In vitro, uric acid dose-dependently inhibited proliferation, induced late apoptosis/necrosis, increased intracellular ROS, depleted antioxidant defenses, and suppressed PI3K/AKT pathway activity in AGS cells. SUA exerts a protective causal effect against gastric cancer. The anti-tumor effect is mechanistically driven by oxidative stress induction and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibition, with SNP-associated genes linked to gastric cancer progression via metabolism-related signaling pathways.

PMID 43017232
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PubMedBMC infectious diseases2026-11-12

Human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cheuyem Fabrice Zobel Lekeumo FZL, Achangwa Chabeja C, Tchamani Rick R, Tsapi Armand Tiotsia AT et al.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a key strategy for cervical cancer elimination. In Cameroon, HPV vaccine was introduced into the expanded program on immunization in 2020. However, synthesized evidence on vaccine acceptability is needed to guide policy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV vaccine knowledge, willingness to vaccinate, recommendation practices, and actual uptake in Cameroon, and to identify determinants of vaccine hesitancy. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and African Journals Online from studies to January 2025. Studies reporting willingness to vaccinate, knowledge, recommendation, and uptake of HPV vaccine were included. Pooled prevalence estimates and odds ratios were calculated using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. The study was reported following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO ID: CRD420261301213. Thirty-three studies were included. Among 4,993 participants, who were mainly healthcare workers (n = 1,739) and parents (n = 2,419), the pooled prevalence of willingness to vaccinate was 68.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 57.4-77.2; 12 studies; I² = 98%). The pooled prevalence of HPV vaccine knowledge was 41.3% (95% CI: 28.7-55.1; 33 studies; n = 8,175 participants; I² = 98%). Approximately two-thirds of participants (67.7%; 95% CI: 50.7-81.0; 8 studies; n = 1,617) reported recommending the vaccine, but actual uptake was 22.9% (95% CI: 6.9-54.5; 9 studies; n = 9,686). The vaccine coverage ranged from 1.6% to 90.6%. Willingness significantly declined from 74.2% before 2014 to 57.5% after 2021. Healthcare workers had the highest knowledge (74.5%) and willingness (77.8%) among included participant groups. Lack of HPV knowledge was associated with nearly three-fold higher hesitancy (odds ratio [OR]: 2.58; 95% CI: 2.06-3.22). High heterogeneity was observed for all pooled estimates, suggesting that they should be interpreted as average estimates rather than precise values. Despite moderate willingness, HPV vaccine knowledge and uptake remain low in Cameroon, with marked disparities across regions and populations. Addressing knowledge gaps and strengthening context-specific vaccination strategies are needed to improve coverage.

PMID 43015661
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PubMedAIDS reviews2026-11-12

Herpes zoster vaccination in people living with HIV: from evidence to implementation - A narrative review.

Van Nguyen Hung H, Thi Diem Le Trinh T

Herpes zoster (HZ) remains a significant, preventable cause of morbidity among people living with HIV (PLWH), who face increased risks of HZ, recurrence, and complications despite effective antiretroviral therapy. The recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV), a non-live, adjuvanted vaccine, is currently the preferred strategy for HZ prevention in immunocompromised adults. This narrative review synthesizes the evidence on the burden and pathogenesis of HZ in PLWH, RZV immunogenicity and safety, present vaccination recommendations, clinical considerations, and implementation challenges, with particular emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region. Available evidence indicates that RZV induces robust humoral and cellular immune responses and has a favorable safety profile in PLWH; however, HIV-specific evidence regarding clinical effectiveness, long-term durability of protection, and optimal timing of vaccination in the setting of advanced immunosuppression remains limited. International guidelines consistently recommend a two-dose RZV series for adults with HIV, without requiring a specific CD4+ T-cell threshold or virological suppression. Nevertheless, vaccine uptake remains constrained by cost, limited availability, inadequate patient and healthcare-provider awareness, vaccine hesitancy, and fragmented vaccination services. Future research should prioritize real-world effectiveness, durability of protection, cost-effectiveness, and determinants of vaccine acceptance, including behavioral factors, such as perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. Integrating RZV into routine HIV care and strengthening implementation strategies, particularly across the Asia-Pacific region and other resourcelimited settings, will be critical to translating guideline recommendations into equitable vaccination coverage and reducing HZ-related morbidity among PLWH.

PMID 43018275
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