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dust mite vaccine (acaroid)

✓ Approved

Merck KGaA · Vaccine · Vaccine

What is dust mite vaccine?

dust mite vaccine is a vaccine developed by Merck KGaA. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or subcutaneous injection.

Drug Profile

Brand Namesacaroid
CompanyMerck KGaA
Drug ClassVaccine
RouteInjectable (Others), Subcutaneous Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Merck KGaA

Therapeutic Indications

dust mite vaccine is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRhinitis allergic✓ Approved
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersAsthmaPhase III

Related Research Articles

PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-08-25

The safety and efficacy of topical clove oil for the treatment of naturally occurring Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis infestation in dogs.

Hu Hongwei H, Dai Lixia L, Ma Yuchao Y, Yu Xiaoyan X et al.

Canine sarcoptic mange is a highly contagious parasitic skin disease of dogs. On the basis of previous in vitro investigations confirming the acaricidal activity of clove oil, this study evaluated the safety and efficacy of topical clove oil for the treatment of dogs naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis. A total of 100 naturally infected dogs were randomly assigned to 7% clove oil-treated groups, a positive control group, and an untreated control group. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed using mite counts, reduction rates, and clinical scores. Following a 14‑day treatment, the decline in the comprehensive infection index reached 93.25% (high dose), 85.12% (medium dose), 84.18% (positive control), and 65.23% (low dose). At D14, significant between-group differences were observed in mite-burden score (H(4) = 58.381, P < 0.001), mite count (H(4) = 76.161, P < 0.001), and MDD score (H(4) = 72.487, P < 0.001). Mite-free rate, complete MDD resolution rate, and cure rate also differed significantly among groups (all P < 0.001), with the high-dose group showing the greatest efficacy. The exploratory CII reduction rate likewise differed significantly among groups (H(4) = 79.052, P < 0.001). Reductions in mite count and MDD score were positively correlated (Spearman's rs = 0.727, adjusted P < 0.001). Notably, mite reduction was tightly linked to the alleviation of dermatitis symptoms. Hematological and biochemical abnormalities observed before treatment, including elevated white blood cell and globulin levels, gradually returned toward normal ranges following clove oil therapy. Safety pharmacology studies in rats demonstrated that topical administration of clove oil at the different doses caused no apparent adverse effects on the cardiovascular, respiratory, or central nervous systems. These results indicate that topical clove oil is a safe and effective treatment for dogs naturally infested with S. scabiei var. canis and supports its potential for further investigation.

PMID 42638871
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PubMedYing yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology2026-08-25

Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.

Wen W U WU, Xiao-Ya X U XU, Peng-Cheng L I LI, Ming-Yue L I LI et al.

The cooling and dust retention functions of urban parks are hot topics in the research area of ecosystem services in urban parks. Although the response curves of both functions to park distance are highly coupled and regulated by similar environmental factors, those two functions are often studied separately. Given the lack of high-precision environmental monitoring methods, the following two scientific problems have not been solved. First, whether the dust retention effect of urban parks changes synergistically with the cooling gradient? Second, is there a spatial feedback mechanism among various ecological functions of urban parks? Overall, there is a significant knowledge gap in the field of urban green space research regarding the mechanisms of heat-pollution coupling. In this paper, we sorted out the concepts and influencing factors of cooling and pollution retention effects in urban parks, summarized the available methods and approaches for quantitative research from the dual perspectives of cooling and pollution retention, and synthesized the research progress of coordinated regulation of cooling and dust retention services in urban parks. We suggested to break through the traditional single-factor analysis paradigm, encourage the establishment of multi-functional coupling analysis model of urban green space cooling and dust retention, and systematically explain the spatio-temporal differentiation law of their joint action. It would provide spatial decision support and core scientific basis for exploring the optimization path of park spatial pattern guided by thermal pollution collaborative governance and achieving the paradigm shift of ecological service efficiency from "passive response" to "active regulation".

PMID 42639905
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PubMedScientific reports2026-08-25

High-throughput in silico multi-epitope reverse vaccine design against hydatidosis.

Skhal Dania D, Al Nahhas Samar S, Skhal Osama O, Abbady Abdul Qader AQ

The Middle East is a significant hotspot for human hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus, a complex multi-stage pathogen exhibiting antigenic variation with diverse epitopes. Multi-epitope vaccines, designed using immunoinformatics, represent a promising approach to effectively control this challenging parasite. A total of 1150 secreted, non-toxic, antigenic proteins were obtained from database and analyzed for their immunogenic potential, leading to the identification of 1024 CTL, 80 HTL, and 172 LBL prioritized epitopes, which were then ranked and clustered to prefer the most immunogenicity epitopes to include in novel vaccine construct. The chosen Construct (Con2) was modified for dual-plasmid insertion, facilitating the expression of three different vaccine constructs which were predicted by C-ImmSim to stimulate robust IFN-γ/IL-2 production and enhance IgM/IgG antibody secretion. Utilizing in silico, next-generation vaccine design, we propose several vaccine candidates that warrant further validation through in vitro laboratory testing and in vivo studies to assess their immunological efficacy.

PMID 42637785
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PubMedJournal of medical virology2026-08-25

Enhanced Immunogenicity and Cross-Neutralizing Activity of a Trivalent Adenoviral Vector-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Mice.

Li Jianhua J, Song Wanchen W, Li Jiaxuan J, Peng Ruofan R et al.

The emergence of diverse SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants has reduced the efficacy of existing vaccines, highlighting the need for multivalent vaccines with broader neutralizing capacity. We developed a trivalent adenoviral vector-based vaccine (Ad5-CoV19-prototype/Delta/BF.7) encoding the spike proteins of the ancestral strain, Delta variant, and Omicron BF.7 strain, and evaluated its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. Four- to 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with 10 µg of monovalent or trivalent vaccines using single-dose or two-dose (2-week interval) regimens. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers against the ancestral strain, Omicron BA.5, and XBB.1.5, as well as IFN-γ+ T-cell responses, were measured. The trivalent vaccine elicited significantly higher nAb titers against the ancestral strain (GMT 2183.6 at week 8) and Omicron subvariants (BA.5: GMT 680.0; XBB.1.5: GMT 161.3) after two doses compared to monovalent vaccines. Two doses also enhanced IFN-γ+ CD8+ T-cell responses (p < 0.0001). These results demonstrate that the trivalent vaccine induces enhanced immunogenicity and cross-neutralizing activity, including improved cross-neutralizing antibody titers and IFN-γ+ T-cell responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to monovalent formulations. These findings suggest potential for broader immune coverage against antigenically drifted variants, although protective efficacy remains to be confirmed in viral challenge models and further clinical evaluation.

PMID 42639828
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PubMedFrontiers in tuberculosis2026-08-25

A Mycobacterium tuberculosis rare variable antigen vaccine reduces lung pathology in hypersusceptible SP140-/- mice.

Howard Zachary P ZP, Mohapatra Alexander A, Zheng Weihao W, Ernst Joel D JD

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading cause of death globally due to a single infectious agent. Currently, no licensed vaccine protects against pulmonary tuberculosis, the primary adult disease caused by Mtb infection. CD4 T cells are essential in protection against Mtb infection and inducing a protective CD4 T cell response remains the goal of most Mtb vaccines currently in testing. However, in contrast to other pathogens, most Mtb T cell epitopes do not exhibit sequence variation, suggesting that T cell recognition does not drive selection of escape mutants. We discovered hypothetical Mtb antigens that do exhibit sequence diversity within human T cell epitopes and tested the impact of vaccination with these rare variable antigens (RVMA) using a DNA vaccine platform. We found vaccination with RVMA significantly alters the immune response to Mtb infection in both C57BL/6 and hypersusceptible SP140‒/‒ mice without reducing lung bacterial burdens. RVMA vaccination of hypersusceptible SP140‒/‒ animals prevented necrosis and altered the lesion composition reducing tissue damage and increasing CD4 T cell distribution. Reductions in pathology were associated with increases in RORγt-expressing CD4 T cells and decreases in monocyte-derived cells in the lungs prior to the development of necrotic lesions, and were independent of B cells. These results suggest T cell responses to certain antigens may be involved in preventing pathology without significantly changing bacterial burdens and indicate that these antigens can be efficacious in Prevention of Disease TB vaccines.

PMID 42638779
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PubMedVeterinary medicine and science2026-08-25

Rpf-Toxo: A Preliminary Computationally Designed Dense Granule Antigen-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against Toxoplasma gondii.

Safari Mohamad Hosein MH, Hosseini Seyyed Amir SA, Ghiabi Shadan S, Ghiabi Shamim S et al.

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary importance causing abortion. While current therapies are limited to address the chronic phase of infection, effective prophylactic vaccines are warranted. In this study, we applied a rational vaccine design approach centred around immunodominant dense granule antigens (GRAs). In silico epitope mapping was performed on six GRAs (GRA15, GRA60, GRA76, GRA83, GRA-α and GRA-β). Using web servers, B-cell, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte and helper T-lymphocyte epitopes were predicted and then filtered for antigenicity, solubility and allergenicity. We designed four vaccine constructs by fusing predicted epitopes with specific linkers and adjuvants (RS-09, RpfE/50S ribosomal protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and human interferon gamma [IFN-γ]). Constructs were subjected to rigorous evaluation, which included physicochemical evaluation, 3D structural prediction and refinement, toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) docking, immune simulation and codon adaptation. All candidates exhibited high antigenicity (VaxiJen scores > 0.9) and solubility (> 0.6). Rpf-Toxo emerged optimal, with non-allergenic, antigenic (0.9148), soluble (0.658), stable (instability index: 35.41) and hydrophilic (grand average of hydropathicity: -0.641) properties. Docking revealed strong TLR-4 binding activity (affinity: -20.6 kcal/mol; Kd: 7.3e-16 M) and immune simulation predicted robust responses, including antibody titers > 170,000, Th1-skewed IFN-γ (380,000 ng/mL) and memory cell activation; however, these in silico predictions need experimental validation. Codon optimization enhanced expression (CAI: 1.00; GC: 65.63%), and in silico cloning indicated compatibility with pET28a(+). These computational predictions require future experimental validation through in vitro and in vivo studies to confirm safety and protective efficacy.

PMID 42638180
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