doxorubicin hydrochloride (Libod / Libaoduo)

A Thermoresponsive Cellulose Via a Convenient and Green Synthetic Pathway as an In Situ Gelling Biomaterial for Drug Delivery.

Tao Shenming S, Cheng Qiaoyun Q, Lu Tingxin T, Liu Yu Y et al.

Thermoresponsive cellulose-based hydrogels are promising biomaterials for drug delivery but face challenges in green synthesis and tunability. Herein, we address these challenges by reporting a thermoresponsive cellulose derivative (CMC-g-M2005, CMM) synthesized via a facile and environmentally benign one-pot Ugi multicomponent reaction. This green pathway achieves an exceptionally low environmental impact (E-factor ≤1.4) and enables precise control over graft ratios (0-75%) by simply adjusting reactant concentrations. The resulting CMM exhibits reversible sol-gel transitions below physiological temperatures (29-35 °C), a critical feature for in situ gelation. As an in situ gel delivery system, CMM demonstrates sustained release of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX, 0.05 wt %) with non-Fickian diffusion kinetics, attributed to hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions with CMC. The hydrogel maintains stability for over three weeks, with degradation rates controlled by graft ratios. Cytocompatibility tests (MTT assay and Live-Dead staining) reveal over 90% cell viability for L929 cells, underscoring low cytotoxicity. These results highlight CMM as a sustainable, tunable, and cytocompatible platform that holds great promise for long-term drug delivery applications.

Mitochondria-Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin to Enhance Antitumor Activity with HER-2 Peptide-Mediated Multifunctional pH-Sensitive DQAsomes [Retraction].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S163858.].

Therapeutic Potential of Liposomes in Targeting Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanistic Insights and a Future Perspective.

Bhanja Shweta Swagatika SS, Tripathy Shyamalendu S, Sharma Dinesh Kumar DK

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are progressive disorders with limited disease-modifying treatments. Poor drug bioavailability, systemic toxicity, and restricted Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) penetration remain major therapeutic challenges. Although previous reviews have discussed liposomal delivery, an updated mechanistic and translational assessment is needed. This review analyzed relevant studies on liposome-based drug delivery for neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on BBB penetration, targeting strategies, formulation characteristics, therapeutic mechanisms, and translational challenges. Liposomes improve drug solubility, stability, bioavailability, and brain delivery through passive transport, receptor-mediated transcytosis, adsorptive-mediated transport, and ligandassisted targeting. Functionalization with transferrin, lactoferrin, peptides, antibodies, and other ligands can enhance BBB transport and site-specific delivery. Liposomal systems target key pathological mechanisms, including amyloid-β aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. Major gaps include limited clinical validation, long-term safety data, BBB-targeting efficiency, formulation stability, and manufacturing scalability. Compared with earlier reviews, this review integrates recent advances in liposome engineering with disease-specific mechanisms, BBB-targeting strategies, therapeutic outcomes, and translational barriers, providing a comprehensive perspective on the progression from preclinical development toward clinical application. Liposomes represent a promising platform for targeted therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Standardized evaluation, scalable manufacturing, long-term safety assessment, and well-designed clinical trials are essential for establishing their therapeutic efficacy and facilitating clinical translation.

A Bioinspired Phytyl Tripod Anchor for Engineering Liposomal and Cellular Surfaces as a Robust Colloidal Delivery Platform.

Fang Taisong T, Chen Qian Q, Liu Songbai S

Inspired by the phytyl chains of chlorophylls and tocopherols, we developed a robust phytyl tripod anchor for cell surface engineering in this work. The anchor exhibited markedly stronger membrane anchoring than the widely used 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE) anchor, as reflected by a lower critical micellization concentration (0.119 vs 0.189 mM) and a more negative Gibbs free energy of liposome binding (-29.85 vs -28.15 kJ/mol). Using this anchor, we established a liposome-relayed bioorthogonal manipulation platform that enables site-specific cell surface engineering in vivo. In a zebrafish inflammation model, liposomes decorated with amphiphilic hyaluronic acid (HA) first delivered the phytyl tripod anchor selectively to inflamed tissue, and subsequently injected clickable catalase and liposomal curcumin were then captured in situ via bioorthogonal click chemistry, anchoring them onto the target cell surface. This two-step strategy produced substantially enhanced therapeutic effects. We further extended the platform into a photothermal enhanced liposome delivery system. Clickable magnetic nanoparticles, synthesized via a PEGylated gallic acid approach, were bioorthogonally conjugated to cell membranes and liposomes through the phytyl tripod anchor. Curcumin was additionally derivatized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting KKAA peptide to enable organelle-specific delivery. In an inflammation model with RAW264.7 cells, this photothermal-enhanced system significantly improved the anti-inflammatory efficacy. The developed phytyl tripod anchor and the derived bioorthogonal strategies hold great promise for precision cell surface engineering and targeted delivery of bioactives.