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amoxicillin (Moxacin / amoxicillin, CSL)

✓ Approved

CSL Limited · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is amoxicillin?

amoxicillin is a small molecule developed by CSL Limited. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesMoxacin, amoxicillin, CSL
CompanyCSL Limited
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, CSL Limited

Therapeutic Indications

amoxicillin is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsSalmonellosis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-10-22

Antimicrobial resistance profiling of Streptococcus suis isolated from neurological cases in Chilean pigs.

Larenas-Muñoz Fernanda F, Videla-Martínez Francisca F, Ruiz-Garrido Álvaro Á

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen and an emerging zoonotic bacterium, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains representing an increasing concern for both animal and public health. This report describes the pathological findings and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of MDR S. suis isolates recovered from the central nervous system of two pigs from a commercial swine farm in south-central Chile. Brain and spinal cord samples were examined by histopathology and microbiological culture, followed by bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using an antibiogram and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis. Histopathological examination revealed non-suppurative inflammatory lesions characterized by mononuclear perivascular cuffing, consistent with meningoencephalomyelitis and myelitis. S. suis was isolated from the brain and/or spinal cord of both pigs. MIC testing demonstrated resistance to spectinomycin, ampicillin/amoxicillin, ceftiofur, penicillin, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, clindamycin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, tylosin tartrate, tiamulin, sulfadimethoxine, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, oxytetracycline, and chlortetracycline, indicating an MDR phenotype. Both isolates remained susceptible to gentamicin, while variable susceptibility was observed for danofloxacin, neomycin, tulathromycin, tiamulin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of MDR S. suis associated with neurological disease in pigs from Chile. These findings provide additional information on the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. suis in Chile and support the need for broader antimicrobial resistance surveillance under a One Health framework, as well as the prudent use of antimicrobials in swine production.

PMID 42903082
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PubMedBMC public health2026-10-21

Antibiotic dispensing practices and patterns of non-prescription antibiotic sales among retail drug outlets in Ghana.

Donkor Bismark Senyo BS, Badu Kingsley K, Boampong Kwadwo K, Boamah Vivian Etsiapa VE et al.

This study evaluated antibiotic dispensing practices and patterns of non-prescription antibiotic sales among community retail drug outlets in Ghana, to identify which dispenser cadres, client interaction behaviours, and antibiotic types are most implicated in non-prescription dispensing, to generate evidence to support the design of targeted, evidence-based interventions at the retail level. A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected from 158 dispensers, entered, and analyzed using STATA between April and July 2024. Descriptive statistics (mean, SD, median frequency, and percentages) were used to analyze self-reported antibiotic dispensing practices, antibiotic types dispensed, associated diseases and conditions, and influencing factors of antibiotic dispensation without prescription. Chi-square (χ²), bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified significant predictors of antibiotic dispensing without prescription. A total of 86 (54.4%) out of 158 respondents reported dispensing without a valid prescription, with 80.2% (69) of those dispensing without a prescription doing so regularly. Ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin (65.8%) were most frequently dispensed, while genitourinary infections (74.7%) were the most common disease conditions for which treatment is given before medications are used in treatment. Pharmacists (AOR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.20-17.83; p = 0.026) were significantly more likely to engage in non-prescription dispensing than other dispensers. Dispensers who requested a history of the client's history on antibiotic usage (AOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10-0.89; p = 0.03) were less likely to dispense antibiotics without a prescription compared to those who did not request clients' antibiotic use history. P-values less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) were considered statistically significant associations. A high rate of non-prescription antibiotic sales at retail drug outlets was identified in this study, underscoring the urgent need for regulatory enforcement and community-targeted, evidence-based interventions to promote responsible antibiotic dispensing practices at the retail level.

PMID 42902306
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PubMedInfectious diseases now2026-10-20

Species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia isolates from patients in Iran with suspected tuberculosis: a two-year study.

Jaberi Khadijeh K, Saghazadeh Mojgan M, Sakhaee Fatemeh F, Siadat Seyed Davar SD et al.

While nocardiosis can clinically and radiologically resemble tuberculosis (TB), its frequency and species-specific antimicrobial susceptibility in TB-suspected patients in Iran have yet to be conclusively characterized. To describe the frequency, species distribution, and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia isolates retrieved from unique patients investigated for suspected TB at a referral center in Iran from March 2021 to March 2023. We analyzed specimens from 2000 unique patients evaluated for suspected TB. Nocardia species were identified by sequencing 16S rRNA, secA1, and rpoB. was used to assess Amikacin, linezolid, imipenem, amoxicillin-clavulanate, moxifloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) were assessed using broth microdilution. Pulmonary TB was identified in 82 patients (4.1%) and TB-Nocardia coinfection in six (10.7%). The most frequent species were N. cyriacigeorgica (20/56, 35.7%), N. farcinica (12/56, 21.4%), and N. asteroides (10/56, 17.9%). Sputum (32/56, 57.1%) and bronchoalveolar lavage (13/56, 23.2%) were the most common specimen sources. Susceptibility to TMP- SMX (56/56, 100%), linezolid (56/56, 100%), and amikacin (52/56, 93%) was highest. Imipenem susceptibility varied by species; 13/56 isolates (23%) were susceptible to moxifloxacin, and 20/56 (36%) to amoxicillin-clavulanate. These are in vitro findings; treatment outcomes were not assessed. In a single-center cohort of patients investigated for suspected TB but without confirmed TB or another mycobacterial infection, Nocardia was detected in 2.5%. Even though species identification and isolate-specific susceptibility testing may help to inform clinical assessment, the findings require validation and do not conclusively establish clinical treatment effectiveness or failure.

PMID 42901405
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PubMedApplied and environmental microbiology2026-10-20

Local temperature and humidity are associated with proportion of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in farm environments: considerations for on-farm surveillance.

Vass Lucy L, Stanton Elliot E, Schubert Hannah H, Morley Katy K et al.

Evidence suggests that increased local temperatures are associated with higher prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in environmental bacteria. This observational cohort study investigates associations between local climate and the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from 2,766 farm environment samples from 53 English dairy farms. A non-linear Bayesian model that accounts for decreased test sensitivity at low E. coli abundance was used to estimate the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli from colony count data. A 20°C increase in local temperature was associated with a 5.0-fold increase in the proportion of streptomycin-resistant E. coli (95% credible interval [CI]: 1.03-33.0; absolute increase: 0.2%, 95% CI: 2.3 × 10-3%-1.2%). Weaker evidence suggested that increased temperatures were associated with increased proportions of tetracycline-resistant E. coli. Increasing relative humidity was associated with an increase in the proportion of amoxicillin-, streptomycin-, and tetracycline-resistant E. coli. A 32% increase in relative humidity (from 60% to 92%) was associated with a 4.7-fold increase in the proportion of amoxicillin-resistant E. coli (median; 95% CI: 1.4-15.7; absolute increase: 1.3%, 95% CI: 0.2%-3.5%). For amoxicillin and streptomycin, a synergistic effect where increasing both temperature and humidity was associated with increased proportions of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli was observed, with weak evidence of this effect observed for tetracycline. These findings highlight the importance of considering weather conditions, sample characteristics, and seasonality in livestock AMR surveillance. Associations between local weather conditions and the proportion of livestock E. coli exhibiting AMR suggest that climate change may influence the burden of One Health AMR.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding how environmental conditions are associated with variability in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevalence is critical for developing robust livestock AMR surveillance and anticipating the potential effects of climate change. The non-linear Bayesian modeling approach developed here adjusts for Escherichia coli abundance-associated variability in test sensitivity, enabling the influence of risk factors associated with the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli within samples to be more accurately estimated. Applying this approach to 2,766 fecal samples from 53 dairy farms in Southwest England indicated that the proportion of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli generally increased under warmer and wetter conditions. These findings suggest that environmental conditions can influence the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in dairy farm environments and demonstrate the importance of accounting for weather-related variability in livestock AMR surveillance. Adjusting for these associations in livestock AMR surveillance could improve the accuracy of modeling AMR trends and strengthen the assessment of climate-associated AMR risks.

PMID 42899717
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-10-20

Prolonged infusion of meropenem for suspected intracystic infection in polycystic kidney disease during pregnancy: a case report.

Ruan Bingqing B, Xie Danjia D, Yan Liangqi L, Deng Nianying N

Intrarenal cyst infection in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is hard to confirm and harder to treat during pregnancy, when lipid-soluble antibiotics are generally avoided. A pregnant woman at approximately 10 weeks' gestation presented with recurrent fever and flank pain for over one month, with acute exacerbation one day prior to admission. Laboratory tests revealed progressively elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels despite repeatedly negative cultures. Serial ultrasound showed a right upper-pole renal cyst that evolved to exhibit internal septations and debris. Cyst aspiration was avoided; meropenem 1 g every 8 h was initiated on admission and converted to prolonged infusion (1 g infused over more than 3 h) on Day 4, followed by step-down oral amoxicillin-clavulanate, for a total antimicrobial course of 32 days. Fever resolved and CRP normalized; pregnancy continued uneventfully. In a pregnant patient with suspected PKD cyst infection, prolonged-infusion meropenem was followed by clinical improvement. The favorable response observed supports further evaluation of this therapeutic strategy, despite the absence of microbiological confirmation.

PMID 42898205
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PubMedInfection2026-10-20

Increasing contribution of dental antibiotic prescribing to community-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection: a 9-year retrospective cohort study.

Miklaušić Pavić Božana B, Begovac Josip J, Pristaš Irina I, Skuhala Tomislava T

Community-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection (CA-CDI) is increasingly recognized outside healthcare settings, yet the contribution of dental antibiotic prescribing remains poorly characterized. This study compared patients with CA-CDI following antibiotics prescribed by dental practitioners versus family physicians. We conducted a retrospective cohort study at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljević", Zagreb, Croatia, including adults with a first episode of confirmed CA-CDI following outpatient antibiotic exposure between 2011 and 2019. Characteristics were compared by prescriber. Among 666 patients with CA-CDI, 190 (28.5%) had received antibiotics from dental practitioners and 476 (71.5%) from family physicians. Dental-associated CA-CDI increased significantly over time (13.1% in 2011 to 31.1% in 2019; p = 0.003). Dental patients had a lower comorbidity burden, with less frequent diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and proton pump inhibitor use. Amoxicillin-clavulanate was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic overall; clindamycin was more common among dental patients (39.9% vs. 11.9%), 79.7% of whom had no penicillin allergy. Severity and treatment duration were similar between groups. Dental antibiotic prescribing emerged as an increasingly important contributor to CA-CDI, associated with higher clindamycin use despite a lower burden of traditional risk factors, highlighting the need to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship in dental practice.

PMID 42900457
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