Drug Database
ST

streptokinase (Indikinase)

✓ Approved

Unichem · PLG · Recombinant Proteins

What is streptokinase?

streptokinase is a recombinant proteins developed by Unichem. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesIndikinase
CompanyUnichem
Drug ClassRecombinant Proteins
Molecular TargetPLG
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Unichem

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

streptokinase acts on 1 molecular target:

PLGplasminogen (HAE4)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

streptokinase is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Cardiac disordersMyocardial infarction✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedIndian pediatrics2026-08-19

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost of Different Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Agents for the Management of Empyema Thoracis in Children: A Systematic Review.

Malik Meenakshi M, Bhatt Sonia S, Gupta Sarika S, Kaur Hardeep H et al.

Pediatric empyema thoracis is a serious complication of bacterial pneumonia, and poses management challenges due to the absence of evidence-based guidelines on optimal treatment approaches. Intrapleural fibrinolytic agents are frequently used to enhance pleural drainage and avoid surgical intervention in pediatric empyema thoracis; however, the comparative efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of different fibrinolytic agents remain uncertain. To systematically evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety, and cost of different intrapleural fibrinolytic agents in children with empyema thoracis, to develop evidence-based recommendations for informing clinical decision-making. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, OpenGrey, and four clinical trial registries was done, from their inception. Studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review if they were randomized controlled trials (RCT) including children under 18 years old with empyema thoracis (defined by any standard definition), comparing different fibrinolytic agents such as streptokinase, urokinase, and tissue plasminogen activator. The main outcomes included treatment failure, need for surgery, serious adverse events, and short-term clinical outcomes. Other outcomes were length of hospital stay, symptom duration, and cost. A total of 3110 records was identified; after de-duplication, 2022 unique citations were screened. A three-step screening process identified no RCT meeting the eligibility criteria. The available studies had other study designs, or lacked pediatric data. Current evidence is insufficient to determine the most effective and safe fibrinolytic agent for pediatric empyema thoracis. There is an urgent need for well-designed, comparative pediatric trials to support evidence-based treatment guidelines.

PMID 42616246
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PubMedChemistry & biodiversity2026-07-30

The Phytochemical Investigation, Thrombolytic, and Antioxidant Activity of Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.

Surana Ajaykumar Rikhabchand AR, Patil Prathamesh Shyam PS, Jadhav Ankita Mulchand AM, Narkhede Harsha Iccharm HI et al.

Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf. f. (Lamiaceae) is commonly known as the bleeding-heart vine or glory tree and traditionally used for treating blood-related disorders. This research investigated the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant capacity, and thrombolytic potential of leaf extracts. Among the extracts, the ethanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content, which correlated with its strong antioxidant activity demonstrated through multiple assays including DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, and ferrous ion chelation. The petroleum ether extract showed notable thrombolytic activity by effectively lysing blood clots, achieving 34.52% clot lysis, which was significantly higher than the negative control (7.89%) but lower than the standard drug streptokinase (60.23%). Through GC-MS analysis, identified several bioactive compounds including sterols and fatty acids, which likely contribute these health benefits. These results suggest that C. thomsoniae leaves are a promising natural alternative for managing cardiovascular disorder and oxidative stress. Further in vivo studies and isolation of active compounds are essential.

PMID 42531223
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PubMedBasic research in cardiology2026-07-18

Historical account of reperfusion therapy and the development of cardioprotection beyond reperfusion.

Heusch Gerd G, Kleinbongard Petra P, Gersh Bernard J BJ

The only way to salvage myocardium from infarction is timely reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery. Timely reperfusion reduces infarct size and mortality. The history of reperfusion therapy from the first clinical use of intravenous streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction by Sherry et al. in the late 1950s, over seminal experimental dog studies by Ross Jr. et al., demonstrating infarct size reduction by timely reperfusion in the early 1970s, to a more systematic use of initially streptokinase and a later tissue plasminogen activator in clinical trials (GISSI, TIMI), the addition of platelet inhibition (ISIS) and ultimately mechanical recanalization by percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting, is reviewed in detail. Cardioprotection beyond timely reperfusion was first demonstrated in the seminal experimental dog studies of ischemic conditioning by Murry, Reimer, and Jennings in the 1980s and initiated a tsunami of experimental studies in various experimental models to identify the underlying signal transduction, but has not yet been established in clinical practice. Clinical trials on various forms of ischemic conditioning, potentially cardioprotective drugs and transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation, are still underway.

PMID 42469452
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PubMedBMC cardiovascular disorders2026-07-15

Recurrent bilateral lower limb arterial embolism secondary to left ventricular thrombus in peripartum cardiomyopathy successfully treated with systemic streptokinase thrombolysis: a rare case report.

Ibrahim Raghad R, Alharbi Mohamad M, Hossin Huda H, Ibrahim Rahaf R et al.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening form of heart failure occurring toward the end of pregnancy or during the months following delivery in women without pre-existing heart disease. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction predisposes patients to intracardiac thrombus formation and systemic thromboembolic complications, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A 35-year-old multiparous woman presented shortly after spontaneous vaginal delivery of an intrauterine fetal demise with acute right lower-limb ischemia and heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF approximately 35%), severe functional mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, and a large left ventricular thrombus. She underwent urgent Fogarty embolectomy followed by therapeutic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin and warfarin. Despite therapeutic anticoagulation (INR 2.0 and activated partial thromboplastin time approximately 90 seconds), she developed recurrent bilateral acute lower-limb ischemia five days later. Because of profound hemodynamic instability and prohibitive surgical risk, systemic streptokinase thrombolysis was administered. Repeat echocardiography performed immediately after thrombolysis demonstrated complete resolution of the left ventricular thrombus. Follow-up echocardiography one week later showed significant recovery of left ventricular systolic function (LVEF 45-50%), improvement of mitral regurgitation to mild-to-moderate, and reduction in pulmonary artery systolic pressure. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of thromboembolic complications in PPCM and demonstrates that systemic streptokinase thrombolysis may represent an effective life- and limb-saving therapeutic option in carefully selected patients when surgical or catheter-based interventions are not feasible.

PMID 42449265
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PubMedInternational journal of emergency medicine2026-07-12

Extensive coronary thrombosis following cannabis use in a young adult: a case report.

Saha Rupendra Nath RN, Duggal Bhanu B, Chawla Raghuraj R, Swain Akash A et al.

Cannabis use has been increasingly associated with acute coronary syndromes in young adults without conventional cardiovascular risk factors. The psychoactive compound Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exerts sympathomimetic, endothelial, and prothrombotic effects that may precipitate myocardial infarction through platelet activation and vasospasm. A 34-year-old man, a chronic cannabis user, presented with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography demonstrated a large thrombus involving the left main and proximal left anterior descending arteries, with complete mid-LAD occlusion (TIMI 0). In view of the extensive thrombus burden, 300,000 International units of intracoronary streptokinase followed by 1,200,000 IU intravenously was administered, resulting in significant thrombus resolution and restoration of TIMI II flow. The patient recovered uneventfully on dual antiplatelet therapy, statin, and anticoagulation. Cannabis associated thrombosis may involve multiple interrelated mechanisms: (i) catecholamine surge with tachycardia and vasospasm, (ii) endothelial dysfunction, and (iii) direct platelet activation via CB₁ and CB₂ receptors leading to increased thromboxane A₂ and P-selectin expression. This case illustrates a possible association between chronic cannabis exposure and large-vessel thrombosis in the absence of significant angiographic atherosclerosis. Intracoronary fibrinolysis may be considered in selected cases with prohibitive thrombus load where primary PCI is unsafe. This case underscores the prothrombotic potential of cannabis and highlights the need to recognize its cardiovascular risks. Understanding the cannabinoid-platelet-vascular axis may help prevent and manage cannabis-related coronary events. Not applicable as not a clinical trial.

PMID 42436387
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PubMedEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026-07-08

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by ST525 Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with genomic characterization of virulence and antimicrobial resistance.

Tsuji Shuma S, Fukushima Shinnosuke S, Gotoh Kazuyoshi K, Iio Koji K et al.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is an emerging cause of severe invasive infections. We describe the clinical course of an immunocompromised patient with advanced breast cancer who developed streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, necrotizing fasciitis, and disseminated intramuscular abscesses caused by a multidrug-resistant Lancefield group G SDSE isolate, alongside a comprehensive genomic characterization of its virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Genomic analysis identified the isolate as emm subtype stG840.0 and sequence type 525 (ST525), harboring genes encoding several virulence-associated factors, including an emm-like gene encoding an M-like surface protein, streptokinase, streptolysin O, streptolysin S, and SpeG. Through comprehensive genomic analysis of the highly virulent SDSE isolate, we provided insights into its underlying genetic background. Further accumulation of genomic data is expected to fully elucidate the mechanisms of virulence and antimicrobial resistance in SDSE.

PMID 42418061
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