nevirapine (nevirapine ER / nevirapine XR / nevirapine, XR)

Prolonged wireless measurement of intragastric pH and pharmacodynamics of extended-release injectable omeprazole in horses.

Hodgson Evelyn E, Thirouin Marthe M, Romano Tallia-Rume TR, Stewart Allison A et al.

Adaptation of wireless capsules for intragastric pH measurement in horses has a short, variable attachment duration. Prolonged measurement is important for pharmacodynamic studies. Extended-release injectable omeprazole (ERIO) induces acid suppression for ≤ 7 days. Five-day dosing intervals are now recommended for improved healing rates. To (1) optimize the methodology to achieve 5-7 days of capsule attachment; (2) determine whether capsules can detect a treatment effect of ERIO; and (3) describe the pharmacodynamics of ERIO. Twelve healthy adult horses. Capsules were attached transendoscopically to the glandular mucosa on day 0 using either 1 hemostasis clip (1HEM; n = 4), 4 hemostasis clips (4HEM; n = 5), or a helix tacking device (TACK; n = 9). Intragastric pH was continuously recorded and ERIO was administered on day 1. Data are reported as median (IQR). Capsules remained attached and obtained data for 51 h (42-65), 129 h (105-256), and 95 h (71-154) for 1HEM, 4HEM, and TACK, respectively. The percentage of time the pH was above 4 (%tpH > 4) was significantly higher (P < .001) on day 1 (82.0% [72.7-91.2]) than day 0 (14.3% [7.1-23.5]). Complete recordings were available for 6/12 horses throughout the 5-day dosing interval; %tpH > 4 exceeded 66% for 5 days after ERIO in 4/6 horses (66.7%). These refined, minimally invasive attachment techniques enabled longer, more consistent intragastric pH measurement. A treatment effect associated with ERIO administration was detected and %tpH > 4 exceeded 66% throughout the 5-day dosing interval in most horses.

Extended-Dose Letrozole Regimen versus Standard-Dose Regimen for Ovulation Induction and Biochemical Pregnancy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Munir Shamila Ijaz SI, Tariq Rizwana R, Raana Gule G, Butt Samia S et al.

To compare the extended-dose letrozole regimen with the standard-dose regimen for ovulation induction and biochemical pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A randomised controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Gangaram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from April to September 2025. A total of 174 women with PCOS were randomised into extended-dose (n = 87; letrozole 5 mg, cycle days 2-10) and standard- dose (n = 87; letrozole 5 mg, cycle days 2-6) groups. Ovulation was triggered with human chorionic gonadotropin (5000 IU) upon detecting mature follicles (18-22 mm). Ovulation induction was confirmed by measuring mid-luteal serum progesterone levels on day 21, and biochemical pregnancy by urine pregnancy test on day 28. Statistical analysis was performed using both univariable and multivariable logistic regression frameworks to estimate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Baseline demographics and endocrine parameters were comparable, with no statistically significant differences between groups (all p >0.05). The extended-dose letrozole regimen achieved significantly higher rates and odds of successful ovulation induction (69.0% vs. 51.7%, p = 0.020; aOR = 1.995, p = 0.035) and positive biochemical pregnancy (33.3% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.008; aOR = 2.500, p = 0.014) than the standard protocol. Conversely, secondary subfertility independently reduced the likelihood of successful ovulation induction (aOR = 0.472, p = 0.026). None of the other evaluated covariates showed a significant association in both univariable and multivariable analyses. Extended-dose letrozole regimen demonstrated better efficacy in achieving successful ovulation induction and biochemical pregnancy compared with the standard-dose regimen. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution in light of the study's inherent limitations. Letrozole, Infertility, Ovulation induction, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Pregnancy.

Who Takes Long Daytime Naps? Results of the 'German Health Update' (GEDA 2023).

Reinmuth Janina J, Löbl Simon S, Richter Almut A, Loss Julika J et al.

In the international literature, napping has been associated with positive health outcomes; however, naps lasting at least 60 minutes are linked to adverse health impacts. Until now, representative data on the frequency and duration of naps in Germany have been lacking. Using data from the representative GEDA 2023 study (n = 7,967), this fact sheet presents the prevalence of naps and extended naps (≥ 60 minutes) for women and men, stratified by age and educational groups. Almost half of the adult population in Germany takes a nap at least once a week, a quarter of whom for 60 minutes or more. Extended naps are more prevalent among women under 45 and among less educated men compared with their higher-educated peers. The results highlight the prevalence of napping in the German population, as well as the social groups that more frequently take extended naps and may therefore face higher health risks.

Monitoring that follows the patient: from the extended recovery room to a continuous, surgery-specific postoperative pathway.

Bignami Elena G EG, Panizzi Matteo M, Macagno Francesca F, Bellini Valentina V