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amphotericin B (Amphomul)

✓ Approved

Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is amphotericin B?

amphotericin B is a small molecule developed by Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesAmphomul
CompanyBharat Serums and Vaccines Limited
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

Therapeutic Indications

amphotericin B is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsLeishmaniasis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsWound infection fungal✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-10-22

A subunit vaccine protects A129 mice from death and joint swelling against lethal Chikungunya virus challenge.

Li Jiangfan J, Fang Ting T, Song Liyuan L, Qiang Li L et al.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is primarily transmitted to humans through bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, causing febrile illness as well as acute or chronic arthritis. With increasing reports in previously non-endemic regions, it poses an emerging threat to public health and a growing risk to travelers. Despite the recent approval of live-attenuated and virus-like particle-based vaccines, a safe, efficacious, and cost-effective vaccine remains urgently needed. The envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2, which play crucial roles in viral attachment and entry, are the major immunodominant structural proteins and can effectively elicit protective antibodies. We engineered mammalian cells to produce the ectodomains of the E1 and E2 glycoproteins and evaluated the protective efficacy of the resulting vaccine formulations in vivo. A two-dose vaccination regimen elicited high levels of antibodies and provided full protection against lethal challenge in A129 mice, preventing both death and joint swelling. These findings demonstrate the potential of this vaccine candidate against CHIKV and warrant its further development.

PMID 42903135
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PubMedPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP2026-10-22

Dual-guest-metal control of stability and superconductivity in ambient-pressure B-C clathrates X0.5Y0.5B2C8.

Yang Yuting Y, Su Zhangmin Z, Chen Ruijie R, Guo Hongying H et al.

Phonon-mediated superconductivity in boron-carbon clathrates has become an active area of research, but how mixed guest-metal occupancy affects stability and superconductivity is still unclear. Using high-throughput first-principles calculations, we study quaternary X0.5Y0.5B2C8 clathrates (X, Y = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) at ambient pressure. We identify 15 dynamically stable phases, all involving combinations of two large-radius guest metals. Fourteen of these phases are predicted to be superconducting: compounds with an average formal oxidation state at the metal sites of +1.5 and +1 show Tc of 34 to 42 K and 78 to 90 K, respectively, whereas the remaining +2 phase is semiconducting. The contrast in Tc fits a rigid-band picture in which lower guest formal oxidation states increase the B-C density of states at the Fermi level and enhance coupling to mid-frequency B-C phonons. Ab initio molecular dynamics at 300 K reveals no structural transformation, indicating that these dual-guest clathrates are viable candidates for further study.

PMID 42902693
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PubMedKidney research and clinical practice2026-10-22

Clinical effects of third doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines among hemodialysis patients: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Cho AJin A, Jeong Seon A SA, Seo Yu Bin YB, Park Hayne Cho HC et al.

Evidence on the effectiveness of third-dose messenger RNA (mRNA) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination during the Omicron-dominant period in Asian hemodialysis (HD) patients remains limited. We evaluated the clinical effectiveness of a third mRNA vaccine dose against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, hospitalization, and mortality in Korean HD patients. Using the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-National Health Insurance Service database, we conducted a nationwide cohort study of HD patients aged ≥18 years who received two or three doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 before January 16, 2022. Study outcomes were SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between third-dose vaccination and clinical outcomes. Among 66,389 HD patients (mean age, 65.7 ± 12.9 years; 60.5% male), 55,125 (83.0%) received three vaccine doses and 11,264 (17.0%) received two doses. Receipt of three doses was associated with a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.60). Among 17,886 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, third-dose vaccine recipients had a lower risk of hospitalization (aHR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.62-0.70) and 30-day mortality (aHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.30-0.41) compared with those who received two doses. Receipt of mRNA-1273 as the third dose was associated with lower observed risks of infection and hospitalization than receipt of BNT162b2. A third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was associated with lower risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and mortality among HD patients during the Omicron-dominant period. These findings support the clinical importance of booster vaccination in this high-risk population.

PMID 42902884
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PubMedBioconjugate chemistry2026-10-22

Facile Gram-Scale Solution Phase Synthesis of a Universal Cathepsin B-Cleavable Antibody-Drug Conjugate Linker.

Ringaci Alina A, Hamoud Aladin A, Colson Yolonda L YL, Grinstaff Mark W MW

Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are a key therapy in the cancer treatment arsenal. Critical to the success of the ADC is the release of the drug cargo at the desired site, and thus, enzymatically or chemically responsive linkers, connecting the drug to the antibody, play a central role. Linkers containing the peptide sequence Glu-Val-Cit are particularly important as cleavage of this peptide occurs by both murine and human cathepsin B enzymes. Additional linker design considerations include components for free drug release via the self-immolative moiety para-aminobenzyl alcohol (PABOH), copper-free click conjugation to an azide-functionalized antibody using dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO), and aqueous solubility via a polyethylene glycol spacer (PEG). To facilitate widespread use and translation, we describe the 9-step gram-scale synthesis of the linker DBCO-PEG4-Glu-Val-Cit-PABOH conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). Using only liquid-phase synthesis protocols and chromatography-free, precipitation-based intermediate isolations gives the drug-linker conjugate in 36% overall yield, and this method is an improvement over prior methods (yield < 1%). Finally, we prepare the corresponding MMAE-linked ADC and validate its target-dependent potency across ErbB2/Her2-high (MDA-MB-453) and ErbB2/Her2-low (MDA-MB-231) human breast cancer cell lines.

PMID 42902954
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PubMedThe New phytologist2026-10-22

B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN 19 shapes tea quality by modulating the ratio of catechins and theanine and confers cold tolerance in tea plants.

Yi Lianghui L, Yu Jie J, Li Fangdong F, Hou Qingji Q et al.

Early spring cold spells threaten tea plant (Camellia sinensis) yield and disrupt the catechins-to-theanine ratio that determines the desirable balance of umami and astringency taste of tea. However, the molecular mechanism coordinating cold tolerance with this key quality trait remains unclear. Here, we identified a light-responsive B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN CsBBX19 as a core regulator simultaneously shaping tea quality and cold tolerance. Results demonstrated that silencing CsBBX19 relieves the transcriptional repression of theanine-biosynthetic genes (CsTSI and CsAlaDC) to elevate theanine levels, yet weakens the activation of catechins-biosynthetic genes (CsANS1, CsANR1, CsLAR1, and CsSCPL1/2/5) to reduce catechins content. The CsBBX19-modulated theanine accumulation also enhanced the cold tolerance of tea plants by suppressing cell-wall-loosening EXPANSIN (CsEXPA10/20/21) and activating the CsCBF3-mediated cold response pathway. Furthermore, the expression of CsBBX19 significantly reduced by light via a feedback loop involving CsHY5, which directly binds to the promoter of CsBBX19 to repress its transcription, while CsBBX19 conversely interacts with CsHY5 to reinforce its autoactivation, thereby fine-tuning the catechins-to-theanine ratio and cold resilience in tea plants. Our findings underscore the central roles of CsBBX19 in light-mediated cold response and tea quality formation, providing valuable targets for synchronously improving cold resilience and quality in tea plants.

PMID 42902910
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-10-22

Case Report: Acute liver failure in systemic lupus erythematosus with autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap: a belimumab-containing regimen and longitudinal follow-up.

Zhang Lina L, Zhang Tong T, Zhang Jing J, Wang Xiuhong X et al.

Severe autoimmune liver injury as the first manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is rare, and concomitant autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis (AIH-PBC) overlap is uncommon. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) provides a biological rationale for adjunctive therapy, although clinical evidence remains limited. A 72-year-old woman presented with 4 weeks of fatigue and anorexia and developed coagulopathy (international normalized ratio [INR] 1.8), ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Autoimmune testing showed antinuclear antibody 1:1280, high-titer anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies with hypocomplementemia, immunoglobulin G (IgG) 30.0 g/L, and antimitochondrial antibody positivity. Hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody, hepatitis E antibody, and Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus DNA tests were negative. Liver biopsy 42 days after corticosteroid initiation demonstrated interface hepatitis, destructive small-bile-duct injury, plasma cell-rich inflammation, and Batts-Ludwig stage 2 fibrosis without cirrhosis, supporting a clinicopathologic diagnosis of AIH-PBC overlap. Previously unrecognized chronic autoimmune liver disease could not be excluded. Prednisolone was started at 50 mg/day, followed 10 days later by intravenous belimumab, with concomitant ursodeoxycholic acid. Tacrolimus was added during maintenance. By 10 October 2025, liver biochemistry had improved, IgG was 9.42 g/L, and prednisolone had been reduced to 2.5 mg/day. Liver stiffness decreased from 21.5 to 9.7 kPa. Sustained biochemical improvement occurred during a belimumab-containing multidrug regimen. This observation does not establish the independent efficacy of belimumab or histological regression of fibrosis.

PMID 42903101
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