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amphotericin B (Amphomul)

✓ Approved

Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited · Small Molecule · Small Molecule

What is amphotericin B?

amphotericin B is a small molecule developed by Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesAmphomul
CompanyBharat Serums and Vaccines Limited
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Bharat Serums and Vaccines Limited

Therapeutic Indications

amphotericin B is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Infections and infestationsLeishmaniasis✓ Approved
Infections and infestationsWound infection fungal✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedJournal of the science of food and agriculture2026-08-25

Gel properties and microstructure of Nemipterus virgatus myofibrillar protein/konjac glucomannan emulsion gel: effects of fish oil content.

Wu Yiqiong Y, Wang Yuting Y, Zhao Honglei H, Xu Yongxia Y et al.

Emulsion gels exhibit promising application prospects as solid fat substitutes and carriers for lipophilic bioactive compounds. This work investigated the effects of oil concentrations (40-65%, v/v) on the interfacial adsorption in emulsions, rheological properties, gel characteristics, and microstructure of emulsion gels stabilized by a mixture of Nemipterus virgatus myofibrillar protein (MP) and konjac glucomannan (KGM). The emulsifying activity of the MP/KGM mixture, the interfacial protein adsorption in the MP/KGM emulsion, and emulsion viscosity all peaked at an oil concentration of 55%. The increase in oil content (particularly 55%) assisted the structural transformation in MP from α-helix into β-sheet, promoting the development of a denser, more uniform network structure, which ultimately enhanced the hardness, gel strength, water-holding capacity, elasticity, and deformation resistance of emulsion gels. However, at excessively high oil levels (>55%), the MP/KGM mixture became inadequate to cover the oil-water interfaces, resulting in deterioration in the performances of the emulsion and emulsion gel. The MP/KGM emulsion gel with 55% fish oil displayed optimal gel performance. This study offers practical foundations for developing stable emulsion gels based on aquatic proteins. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

PMID 42638228
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PubMedJournal of food science2026-08-25

Development of Brazil Nut Oil-Based Oleogel and Emulsion Gel: A Comparative Study of Structural and Physicochemical Properties.

Silva Dos Santos Rogério Willian RW, Ferdaus Md Jannatul MJ, Mafra Marcos Rogério MR, da Silva Roberta Claro RC et al.

In this study, Brazil nut oil (BNO) was structured either as oleogels (OG) using carnauba wax (CW) or as emulsion gels (EG) using gelatin at water:oil ratios of 1:1, producing systems intended as models for solid fats. The effects of structuring methods and different gelling agent concentrations were comparatively evaluated in terms of their structural, physicochemical, and thermal properties. Visual analysis demonstrated that BNO can be effectively structured with 6% CW, while 2% gelatin was sufficient to induce the transition from liquid oil to a semi-solid material. Polarized light microscopy (PLM) revealed distinct structural organizations contributing to their respective structural stability, with crystalline structures in OG and emulsion-filled networks in EG. Regarding oil binding capacity (OBC), it increased significantly with higher CW concentrations, rising from 30.63% ± 1.34% (BOG2) to 83.65% ± 1.90% (BOG10) (p < 0.05). Between EG samples, all OBC results were statistically similar, reaching approximately 100% oil retention (p < 0.05). DSC analysis revealed not only a higher melting onset but also greater enthalpy for BEG (491.5-726.8 J/g) compared to BOG (1.5-17.8 J/g), demonstrating superior thermal stability and network organization of gelatin-based gels. Furthermore, rheological tests showed that BEGs exhibited a stable linear viscoelastic region (LVR) (G' > G″ up to >12% strain) and a higher crossover point (∼100%), indicating greater structural strength than BOGs. These findings provide a foundation for future studies exploring their potential use as models for solid fats.

PMID 42639824
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PubMedFrontiers in tuberculosis2026-08-25

A Mycobacterium tuberculosis rare variable antigen vaccine reduces lung pathology in hypersusceptible SP140-/- mice.

Howard Zachary P ZP, Mohapatra Alexander A, Zheng Weihao W, Ernst Joel D JD

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading cause of death globally due to a single infectious agent. Currently, no licensed vaccine protects against pulmonary tuberculosis, the primary adult disease caused by Mtb infection. CD4 T cells are essential in protection against Mtb infection and inducing a protective CD4 T cell response remains the goal of most Mtb vaccines currently in testing. However, in contrast to other pathogens, most Mtb T cell epitopes do not exhibit sequence variation, suggesting that T cell recognition does not drive selection of escape mutants. We discovered hypothetical Mtb antigens that do exhibit sequence diversity within human T cell epitopes and tested the impact of vaccination with these rare variable antigens (RVMA) using a DNA vaccine platform. We found vaccination with RVMA significantly alters the immune response to Mtb infection in both C57BL/6 and hypersusceptible SP140‒/‒ mice without reducing lung bacterial burdens. RVMA vaccination of hypersusceptible SP140‒/‒ animals prevented necrosis and altered the lesion composition reducing tissue damage and increasing CD4 T cell distribution. Reductions in pathology were associated with increases in RORγt-expressing CD4 T cells and decreases in monocyte-derived cells in the lungs prior to the development of necrotic lesions, and were independent of B cells. These results suggest T cell responses to certain antigens may be involved in preventing pathology without significantly changing bacterial burdens and indicate that these antigens can be efficacious in Prevention of Disease TB vaccines.

PMID 42638779
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PubMedJournal of medical virology2026-08-25

Enhanced Immunogenicity and Cross-Neutralizing Activity of a Trivalent Adenoviral Vector-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Mice.

Li Jianhua J, Song Wanchen W, Li Jiaxuan J, Peng Ruofan R et al.

The emergence of diverse SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants has reduced the efficacy of existing vaccines, highlighting the need for multivalent vaccines with broader neutralizing capacity. We developed a trivalent adenoviral vector-based vaccine (Ad5-CoV19-prototype/Delta/BF.7) encoding the spike proteins of the ancestral strain, Delta variant, and Omicron BF.7 strain, and evaluated its immunogenicity in BALB/c mice. Four- to 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with 10 µg of monovalent or trivalent vaccines using single-dose or two-dose (2-week interval) regimens. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers against the ancestral strain, Omicron BA.5, and XBB.1.5, as well as IFN-γ+ T-cell responses, were measured. The trivalent vaccine elicited significantly higher nAb titers against the ancestral strain (GMT 2183.6 at week 8) and Omicron subvariants (BA.5: GMT 680.0; XBB.1.5: GMT 161.3) after two doses compared to monovalent vaccines. Two doses also enhanced IFN-γ+ CD8+ T-cell responses (p < 0.0001). These results demonstrate that the trivalent vaccine induces enhanced immunogenicity and cross-neutralizing activity, including improved cross-neutralizing antibody titers and IFN-γ+ T-cell responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to monovalent formulations. These findings suggest potential for broader immune coverage against antigenically drifted variants, although protective efficacy remains to be confirmed in viral challenge models and further clinical evaluation.

PMID 42639828
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PubMedSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026-08-25

Architecting Dandelion-Like Silica Nanotube Superparticles Via Hierarchical Emulsion-Mediated Sol-Gel Synthesis.

Chen Chunyan C, Deng Chao C, Wang Yingying Y, Zhou Ya Y et al.

The assembly of nanotubes into 3D superstructures that combine high active-site density with efficient mass transport remains a significant challenge. Conventional silica nanotubes tend to tangle and form disordered aggregates, burying functional interfaces and limiting practical applications. Herein, we introduce a hierarchical emulsion-mediated sol-gel strategy for the direct construction of dandelion-like silica nanotube superparticles (D-SiO2 NTS) composed of radially aligned nanotube bundles. In a biphasic pentanol-water system, organosilane-rich droplets and surface-localized water-enriched nanodroplets create interfacial microdomains that confine the hydrolysis and co-condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. This interfacial confinement disfavors lateral deposition and biases growth toward outward anisotropic extension, ultimately yielding dandelion-like hollow microspheres covered with radially arranged silica nanotubes. The resulting open-framework architecture provides highly accessible pore channels and abundant thiol groups for post-functionalization. As a proof of concept, L-cysteine-functionalized D-SiO2 NTS are immobilized in a glass micropipette to create a confined coordination interface for ionic-current-based Cu2+ sensing. The sensor exhibits a broad detection range (0.1 µM to 100 mM), a low detection limit (0.047 µM), excellent selectivity, and stable performance over nine days. By linking hierarchical interfacial organization to anisotropic hollow growth, this work provides a chemical design principle for directly constructing accessible 3D silica nanotube architectures.

PMID 42639850
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PubMedExpert review of vaccines2026-08-25

Comparison of immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of EVA71 vaccine in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dwi Putra Muhammad Gilang MG, Tarigan Girsang Rodman R, Amaral Haq Rais R, Fais Duta Teuku T et al.

Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a principal cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), potentially leading to severe neurological complications in children. Inactivated EV-A71 vaccines have been introduced. This study compares the immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of EV-A71 vaccines versus placebo in pediatric populations. Following a PROSPERO-registered protocol, RCTs involving EV-A71 in children were identified via PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Two independent reviewers performed screening, extraction, and RoB assessments (RoB 2.0). Five phase III RCTs involving 36,659 children were included. EV-A71 vaccination significantly increased seropositivity across follow-up periods, including early (RR 5.8), medium-term (RR 3.09), and long-term (RR 2.95) response. Seroconversion was significantly higher in the vaccinated group (pooled RR 13.04, 95% CI 2.80-60.61; p < 0.001). Geometric mean titers, analyzed using the ratio of means approach, were significantly higher in the vaccinated group during early and medium-term follow-up. Vaccine efficacy against EV-A71-associated HFMD exceeded 98% (pooled RR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01-0.09; p = 0.0028; I2 = 50%). Solicited local and systemic adverse events were mild and comparable between groups. Inactivated EV-A71 vaccines robust immunogenicity, high clinical efficacy, and an acceptable safety profile in children. Future studies should explore long-term protection, booster schedules, and multivalent formulations against non-EV-A71 serotypes.

PMID 42639682
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