Drug Database
TJ

TJ-114 (Sai)

✓ Approved

Tsumura · IL1RN

What is TJ-114?

TJ-114 is a therapeutic agent developed by Tsumura. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesSai
CompanyTsumura
Molecular TargetIL1RN
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Tsumura

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

TJ-114 acts on 1 molecular target:

IL1RNinterleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1F3, IL-1RN)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

TJ-114 is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Renal and urinary disordersNephritis✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedBJUI compass2026-09-20

The use of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging in active surveillance of prostate cancer.

Rivera López Carlos A CA, Higgins Michelle I MI, Jing Yuezhou Y, Alshak Mark N MN et al.

This study aims to evaluate the performance of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) compared to multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for active surveillance (AS) in prostate cancer (PCa), focusing on lesion detection, PI-RADS classification changes and grade reclassification (GR) rates. We retrospectively reviewed our institutional AS database for men who underwent mpMRI followed by bpMRI. Lesion counts and PI-RADS classification were compared. Second, a subgroup of men who underwent mpMRI, biopsy, bpMRI and then repeat biopsy ('bpMRI biopsy group') was matched to a control group who underwent mpMRI, biopsy, another mpMRI and then repeat biopsy ('mpMRI biopsy group') based on age, PSA density, year of diagnosis and number of positive cores. GR rates at systematic and targeted biopsy of all PI-RADS 3-5 lesions were compared, as were PI-RADS changes. A total of 129 men with a median of 29 months between mpMRI and bpMRI were included. mpMRI identified 77 PI-RADS 3-5 lesions versus 114 on subsequent bpMRI (0.60 vs. 0.88 lesions/patient, p = 0.01); however, lesion distribution was similar, with rates of PI-RADS 3, 4 and 5 lesions of 53%, 40% and 6% on mpMRI and 53%, 37% and 11% on subsequent bpMRI (p = 0.87, 0.29 and 0.23, respectively). In the matched biopsy subgroups, when comparing men who had two surveillance mpMRIs with those who had a surveillance mpMRI followed by a surveillance bpMRI, lesion stability was not significantly different across PI-RADS categories. GR at last biopsy occurred in 29% of the bpMRI biopsy group versus in 25% of the mpMRI biopsy group (p = 0.7). bpMRI appears safe to incorporate into AS over the short term, as it was noninferior to mpMRI with similar GR rates and lesion stability.

PMID 42763568
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PubMedCureus2026-09-20

Candidate MicroRNA Regulatory Axes in Melanoma CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion: A Network-Based In Silico Stratification.

Javed Muhammad Zain U MZU, Hussain Muhammad M

Background Anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy has transformed the treatment of advanced melanoma, but durable benefit remains limited to a subset of patients. CD8+ T cell exhaustion contributes to immune escape in the melanoma tumor microenvironment, while the post-transcriptional regulation of exhaustion-associated genes by microRNAs (miRNAs) remains incompletely understood. Objective We characterized miRNA-mRNA regulatory associations in CD8+ T cell exhaustion-enriched melanoma transcriptomes, classified inverse associations as loss-of-repression (LoR) or active suppression (AS), extended the network to candidate long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-miRNA-mRNA relationships, and examined whether network-derived transcriptomic scores were associated with anti-PD-1 outcomes in independent cohorts. Methods The TCGA-SKCM bulk transcriptomes were filtered by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), yielding 121 CD8+ T cell exhaustion-enriched cases and 115 cases with paired miRNA and mRNA measurements. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified between fixed high- and low-exhaustion tertiles (n = 38 each) using two-sided Mann-Whitney U tests with Benjamini-Hochberg correction (|log₂FC| ≥ 0.5; false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05). Database-supported inverse Spearman's correlations (ρ ≤ -0.30; FDR ≤ 0.05) were assembled into a bipartite network. Edges were classified as LoR or AS, and a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) extension incorporated DIANA-LncBase/ENCORI lncRNA-miRNA interactions. Nine biologically anchored axes underwent continuous-score analysis and HC3 regression adjusted for tumor purity, CD8, fibroblast/CAF, myeloid, interferon-gamma, and sample type, together with four sensitivity analyses. Exploratory clinical testing used GSE78220 and the pre-PD-1 biopsy subset of the DFCI melanoma cohort (cBioPortal study identifier: mel_dfci_2019). Results Twenty-six DEmiRNAs (20 upregulated and 6 downregulated) formed 326 inverse miRNA-mRNA edges, comprising 263 AS and 63 LoR associations. Six of nine focused axes met the adjusted-support criterion, and all six were AS-classified including upregulated miR-155-5p as the dominant hub, with inverse associations involving FOXO3 (ρ = -0.305, adjusted p = 0.020) and MEIS1, the strongest priority edge (ρ = -0.470, adjusted p < 0.0001). NEAT1, MALAT1, and XIST emerged as the top-degree lncRNA hubs, all classified as AS-sponge type. Exclusion of one solid-tissue-normal specimen left 114 paired tumors, retained 25 DEmiRNAs, and supported seven of nine axes in the tumor-only sensitivity analysis. Relational integration with lncRNA-miRNA records yielded 29,274 candidate chains, including 790 containing a focused miRNA-mRNA edge. Transcriptomic score analyses were negative and exploratory in GSE78220 (mRNA proxy area under the curve (AUC) = 0.631; Mann-Whitney p = 0.269) and in the DFCI melanoma cohort (mRNA topology AUC = 0.453, p = 0.451; lncRNA topology AUC = 0.388, p = 0.0695). Conclusions The LoR/AS framework offers a transparent means of organizing correlative miRNA-mRNA hypotheses in melanoma bulk transcriptomes. The adjusted results favored an AS pattern among the focused axes, but they did not establish CD8+ T-cell-intrinsic regulation, direct miRNA targeting, ceRNA activity, or clinical predictive utility. Experimental testing in sorted or single-cell melanoma CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte systems is required.

PMID 42763729
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PubMedBrain & spine2026-09-19

Surgery for craniocervical instability and spinal cord compression in children with Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV: A systematic review.

Peene A A, Depreitere B B

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV (MPS IV) often leads to instability and spinal cord compression at the craniocervical junction in children, confronting surgeons with technical challenges associated with young age. This systematic review examines the effects of age at surgery and type of fixation on achieving craniocervical bony fusion and the impact of decompression and solid fusion on neurological outcomes. We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library for cohorts reporting on 'Craniocervical instability', 'Spinal cord compression' and 'Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV' up till April 27, 2024. Inclusion criteria were MPS IV, craniocervical instability treatment and age ≤ 16 years. Eighteen studies were included, comprising 114 patients with a median age at surgery of 72.0 months (range: 17.0-191.0). A total of 88.6% (n = 101/114) of patients underwent craniocervical junction surgery, with rigid fixation used in 17.8% (n = 13/73) and decompression performed in 63.8% (n = 44/69) of cases. Craniocervical bony fusion was achieved in 93.8% (n = 91/97) of patients. Rigid fixation was less often used in children younger than three years (20.0%, n = 2/10), but fusion rate remained as high as 77.8% (n = 7/9). No statistically significant association between fixation type and bony fusion was detected (OR = 2.44, 95% CI 0.24-330.60, p = 0.51). There was a trend for neurological outcome to be better after performing decompression (OR = 4.48, 95% CI 0.87-23.26, p = 0.07). Although rigid fixation was less often applied in children below the age of three, fusion and neurological outcomes were reasonably favorable. There was a trend toward better neurological outcome in patients undergoing decompression.

PMID 42761497
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PubMedInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2026-09-19

Enhancing Self-Awareness in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial of the Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment Program.

Dwolatzky Tzvi T, Devisheim Haim H, Feuerstein Refael S RS, Cohen Shlomit S

To examine whether the Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment (FIE) program, a structured metacognitive intervention grounded in Mediated Learning Experience theory, could produce significant and durable improvements in self-awareness of memory abilities among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In a three-arm randomized controlled trial conducted across seven assisted-living facilities in Israel, 114 Hebrew-speaking adults aged 67-99 years diagnosed with MCI were assigned to the FIE intervention or one of two active control conditions (psychological discussion group; cultural lecture series). All conditions comprised 30 group sessions over 15 weeks. Self-awareness was operationalized as the absolute discrepancy between objective memory performance (NeuroTrax) and subjective appraisal (CogSym questionnaire), assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 2-month follow-up. Among the 54 participants with impaired awareness at baseline, the FIE group showed significant improvement from pre- to post-intervention and from pre-intervention to follow-up, with gains fully maintained at the 2-month assessment. Control participants demonstrated only marginal improvement post-intervention that was not sustained at follow-up. Between-group differences at post-intervention were statistically significant. The FIE program produced significant and durable improvements in self-awareness of memory abilities in older adults with MCI. Findings support the clinical utility of mediated learning approaches for addressing metacognitive deficits in this at-risk population, with implications for rehabilitation engagement and dementia prevention efforts.

PMID 42762490
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PubMedJournal of imaging informatics in medicine2026-09-19

An Explainable Multimodal Model for Assessing Mucosal Healing in Small Bowel Crohn's Disease: A Multicenter Study with Prospective Validation.

Cheng Ting T, Rong Chang C, Hao Jiancheng J, Zhang Yu Y et al.

Accurate assessment of mucosal healing (MH) in small bowel Crohn's disease (SBCD) remains challenging because double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE), the reference standard, is invasive and unsuitable for repeated monitoring. This study was aimed at developing and validating an explainable multimodal model integrating CT enterography (CTE)-based radiomics with clinical data for post-biologic MH assessment in SBCD. This multicenter study included 206 retrospective patients (training: n = 114; internal validation: n = 50; external test: n = 42) and 20 prospective patients. Clinical predictors were identified by logistic regression, with C-reactive protein (CRP) as the only independent predictor. CTE radiomics features were processed by Pearson correlation and SelectKBest, then compared across six feature-selection methods and nine classifiers to determine the optimal radiomics pipeline. Clinical models used CRP alone, while multimodal models combined CRP with selected radiomics features. Performance was evaluated using AUC, calibration, DCA, and DeLong testing. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provided interpretability. MH was achieved in 52.6%, 54.0%, and 21.4% of patients across cohorts. The LASSO-XGBoost radiomics model achieved AUCs of 0.854, 0.821, and 0.808 across retrospective cohorts and 0.824 in the prospective cohort. The XGBoost multimodal model achieved AUCs of 0.860 and 0.842 in internal and external validation, significantly outperforming the clinical model (P < 0.05). SHAP identified CRP and two radiomics features as top predictors. The explainable multimodal model integrating CTE radiomics and CRP enables accurate, non-invasive MH assessment with prospective-validated generalizability, supporting its potential as a clinical decision-support tool.

PMID 42760455
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PubMedFrontiers in veterinary science2026-09-19

Equine dystocia in Sweden (2006-2022): a retrospective analysis of mare and foal survival.

Verbruggen Margo M, Morrell Jane M JM, Wessel Myrthe M, Olsson Elin E et al.

Dystocia is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of equine parturition. Due to early separation of the chorioallantois during the expulsive stage, fetal oxygen supply rapidly becomes compromised, making dystocia a time-critical emergency for both mare and foal. Objectives: To describe obstetrical interventions performed at equine referral hospitals, evaluate mare and foal survival, and identify factors associated with survival outcomes in a Swedish population where geographic distances may influence access to specialized veterinary care. Medical records from three equine referral hospitals in central Sweden were reviewed for dystocia cases presented between January 2006 and December 2022. Data collected included dystocia causes, obstetrical interventions, dystocia duration, prior veterinary intervention, and survival outcomes for mares and foals. A total of 138 dystocia cases were included. Fetal causes of dystocia predominated (114/138), with malposition being most common (106/138). Controlled vaginal delivery was the most frequently performed intervention (33.3%, 46/138). Of 140 foals delivered, 17.1% were born alive and 12.1% survived hospital discharge. Foal survival was not different among delivery methods (p = 0.145). However, survival was significantly associated with shorter dystocia duration (p < 0.01) and was higher when no obstetrical intervention had been attempted prior to referral (p = 0.0436). Among mares, 23.2% did not survive to hospital discharge, most commonly due to endotoxemia or sepsis. Duration of dystocia prior to hospital admission was a key factor associated with neonatal survival, highlighting the importance of early recognition of dystocia, close monitoring of mares approaching foaling, and prompt referral to specialized equine hospitals.

PMID 42761801
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