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dexamethasone (OT502 / IBI10090 / OT 502)

✓ Approved

Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd. · NR3C1 · Steroids

What is dexamethasone?

dexamethasone is a steroids developed by Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intraocular injection.

Drug Profile

Brand NamesOT502, IBI10090, OT 502
CompanyOcumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.
Drug ClassSteroids, Small Molecule
Molecular TargetNR3C1
RouteInjectable (Others), Intraocular Injection
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Ocumension Therapeutics Co., Ltd.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

dexamethasone acts on 1 molecular target:

NR3C1nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (GR, GCCR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

dexamethasone is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Eye disordersCataract✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedArthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation2026-07-25

Perioperative Intravenous Dexamethasone Improves Pain and Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.

Wolterink Trevor D TD, Craddock Germain G, Castle Joshua P JP, Gaudiani Michael A MA et al.

To evaluate the effect of perioperative dexamethasone on patient-reported pain, functional outcomes, and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) achievement following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Patients who underwent rotator cuff repair between 2013 and 2023 were identified and divided into groups. Those who received peri operative dexamethasone were compared with controls. Outcomes included visual analog scale (VAS) pain, patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) upper extremity, PROMIS pain interference, and MCID. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, race/ethnicity, smoking, and preoperative opioid use. Subgroup analyses were performed by tear size. A total of 309 patients was included (187 dexamethasone and 122 control). Dexamethasone administration was associated with improved functional recovery and sustained pain reduction. PROMIS upper extremity and PROMIS pain interference scores favored Dexamethasone at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months (all P < .01). VAS pain was significantly lower at 12 months (1.9 ± 2.9 vs 3.1 ± 3.5, P = .003) and 24 months (1.0 ± 2.5 vs 1.8 ± 3.1, P = .035). Only 37% of patients completed a 2-year follow-up, limiting the strength of these long-term comparisons. In small/medium tears, MCID achievement for VAS was greater at 6 weeks (31% vs 21%, P = .041) and 3 months (34% vs 21%, P = .012). Logistic regression confirmed dexamethasone as an independent predictor of early MCID (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02-2.73, P = .041). Large/massive tears showed transient VAS improvement without MCID benefit. Opioid consumption did not differ between groups (all P > .12). Dexamethasone reduced ondansetron use in large/massive tears at 0-4 hour (β = -0.34, P = .04) and in small/medium tears at 4-8 hour (β = -0.19, P = .04), with no differences for other antiemetics. Complication rates were similar (11.2% vs 4.9%, P = .055). Perioperative intravenous dexamethasone is a safe adjunct to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, supporting early antiemetic benefits, durable pain relief, and selective improvements in patient-reported outcomes. Benefits appear most pronounced in small/medium tears at early follow-up and large/massive tears at later stages, suggesting tear size-specific response. Level III, retrospective comparative study.

PMID 42500163
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PubMedCase reports in infectious diseases2026-07-25

Severe Usutu Virus Encephalitis Treated With Corticosteroids: A Case Report.

Casolari Stefania S, Lusetti Deborah D, Martini Elena E, Gozzi Licia L et al.

Usutu virus (USUV) is a neurotropic flavivirus, phylogenetically related to West Nile virus (WNV), maintained in the environment through a bird-to-mosquito transmission cycle, with humans and other animals occasionally becoming infected. In recent years, different cases of human infections have been reported concomitantly with increased viral circulation in several European countries. Most USUV infections in humans remain asymptomatic; however, neuroinvasive disease has been reported, mainly in the elderly and the immunocompromised but also in healthy individuals. Herein, we report a case of severe USUV meningoencephalitis in an elderly patient treated with a short course of dexamethasone and discuss the potential role of steroids in light of the most recent literature on the pathogenetic mechanisms of arboviral encephalitis.

PMID 42499780
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-07-25

Analysis of adverse event reports associated with complementary health products in Singapore from 2017 to 2023.

Quek Yi-Ling YL, Zeng Yun Y, Ge Xiaowei X, Low Min-Yong MY et al.

The use of complementary health products (CHPs), including Chinese Proprietary Medicines (CPMs), health supplements, traditional medicines and homeopathic medicines, has become increasingly prevalent in Singapore's multicultural society. While these products are widely used for maintaining health and treating minor ailments and are generally safe, potential adverse effects have been reported. This study analyzes adverse event reports related to CHPs submitted to Singapore Health Sciences Authority (HSA) from 2017 to 2023. AE reports involving CHPs assessed by the Vigilance and Compliance Branch (VCB) of HSA from 2017 to 2023 were collated and analyzed. The analysis included patient demographics, AE details, suspected product information, medical history, laboratory results, concomitant therapies, and reporter's profession. Of the 182,131 AE reports associated with pharmaceutical products and CHPs, 727 reports (0.4%) were associated with CHPs. Health supplements accounted for the highest number of reports (68% of total). "Skin and appendages disorders" were the most commonly reported system organ class, with glucosamine-containing products accounting for the highest number of adverse events. Patients primarily used CHPs for pain relief (33.1%), general health and wellbeing (20.6%), and weight management (8.8%). Products found to contain undeclared illegal substances were most frequently indicated for pain relief. The three most common adulterants were dexamethasone, chlorpheniramine, and prednisolone. While CHPs are generally safe, adulterated products, especially those from dubious sources, pose real health risks. Healthcare professionals and consumers should remain vigilant about potential adulteration and report suspected CHPs related AEs. Even when causality remains unclear, reporting supports timely regulatory actions when concerning patterns emerge. This study examined 727 adverse event reports associated with CHPs between 2017 and 2023, accounting for 0.4% of all reported adverse events. Health supplements were the most frequently reported category, with glucosamine-containing products accounting for the highest number of adverse events, predominantly affecting the skin. Products found to contain undeclared illegal substances were most frequently indicated for pain relief, with dexamethasone, chlorpheniramine, and prednisolone being the most common adulterants found. These findings highlight the need for continued vigilance in the monitoring of CHPs to safeguard public health.

PMID 42500535
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PubMedIndian journal of anaesthesia2026-07-25

Subdeltoid ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block: A technical description with anatomical correlation and a preliminary case series.

Nair Revathi R, Goyal Ankita A, Jain Kajal K, Aggarwal Anjali A

Regional anaesthesia in the emergency department requires reliable techniques with minimal complications. We describe a subdeltoid ultrasound-guided brachial plexus approach targeting a potential "nerve funnel" at the surgical neck of the humerus, bridging infraclavicular and axillary approaches. Cadaveric dissection explored its anatomical basis and correlated it with clinical sonographic findings. This retrospective case series included six adult patients with traumatic upper-limb injuries. Cadaveric observations suggested terminal nerve clustering and proximity of the musculocutaneous and intercostobrachial nerves at the subdeltoid level. All patients achieved adequate anaesthesia with a single 15 mL injection of 0.5% bupivacaine with 4 mg dexamethasone. The mean pain-free duration was 17.3 hours, with consistent tourniquet tolerance and no procedural complications. The subdeltoid approach appears feasible as a single-injection technique for upper-limb procedures. Using a superficial acoustic window and favourable anatomical clustering, it may provide effective coverage with technical simplicity. These preliminary findings require validation in larger prospective studies.

PMID 42500633
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PubMedTrials2026-07-25

The World Health Organization Antenatal CorTicosteroids for Improving Outcomes in preterm Newborns (ACTION-III) trial-rationale for the selected lower steroid dose.

WHO ACTION Trials Collaborators

Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS), most commonly administered as betamethasone or dexamethasone, remain a cornerstone of care for women at risk of preterm birth. However, the standard 24-mg regimen introduced more than five decades ago has not undergone formal dose-finding evaluation. Emerging concerns regarding possible dose-related adverse effects, particularly among late preterm infants subsequently born at term, have renewed interest in optimizing corticosteroid exposure. Experimental data across species, supported by human pharmacokinetic analyses, indicate that fetal lung maturation is driven by sustained low corticosteroid concentrations rather than high peak levels. This commentary summarizes key experimental, pharmacokinetic, and modelling evidence that informed the selection of the lower-dose betamethasone phosphate regimen evaluated in the WHO ACTION-III trial and explains the scientific rationale for this dosing strategy. Pharmacokinetic modeling indicates that 2 mg betamethasone phosphate administered intramuscularly every 12 h for four doses achieves fetal concentrations within the 1 to 4 ng/mL range identified in experimental studies, while avoiding the supratherapeutic peaks observed with conventional regimens. The ACTION-III trial will evaluate whether this lower dose ACS regimen, chosen on the basis of carefully developed models and clinical studies, maintains clinical efficacy while potentially reducing unnecessary systemic corticosteroid exposure in women at risk of late preterm birth.Trial registration: ISRCTN11434567, registered on 7 June 2021.  https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11434567?q=ACTION-III&filters=&sort=&offset=1&totalResults=1&page=1&pageSize=10 .

PMID 42498945
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PubMedInternational journal of biological macromolecules2026-07-25

pH/ROS dual-responsive injectable hydrogel based on an oxidized hyaluronic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan-phenylboronic acid dynamic network for rheumatoid arthritis therapy.

Cao Jiaqi J, Wang Runze R, Zhang Rui R, Guo Youchuan Y et al.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, aberrant immune activation, and progressive joint destruction. Its pathological progression is closely associated with synovial microenvironment acidification, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and sustained release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Developing localized therapeutic systems with microenvironment responsiveness and prolonged intra-articular retention is critical for improving RA treatment outcomes. In this study, we developed a pH/ROS-dual-responsive injectable hydrogel drug delivery system with sustained release capability. It was formed by crosslinking carboxymethyl chitosan-grafted phenylboronic acid (CMCS-PBA) and oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) through dynamic Schiff base and boronic ester bonds, and was co-loaded with dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) and rosemarinic acid encapsulated in sialic acid-modified liposomes (RosA-SAL). The prepared hydrogel exhibited favorable injectability, self-healing capability, and biocompatibility, while enabling sustained drug release in response to the acidic and ROS-rich microenvironment. The in vitro release study showed that the cumulative release rates of DSP and RosA reached 95% and 67%, respectively, after 14 days under simulated RA microenvironment conditions. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that RosA-SAL/DSP@Gel effectively reduced inflammatory cytokine expression and suppressed inflammation-related responses. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that the hydrogel system significantly alleviated joint inflammation in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats, attenuated cartilage damage and bone erosion, and provided substantial protection to joint structures. Overall, this study presents an intelligent microenvironment-responsive drug delivery strategy for localized intra-articular therapy of RA.

PMID 42498194
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