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4-

4-factor prothrombin complex

✓ Approved

Intas Pharmaceuticals · F2 · Cell-based Therapies

What is 4-factor prothrombin complex?

4-factor prothrombin complex is a cell-based therapies developed by Intas Pharmaceuticals. It is approved for therapeutic indications via injectable (others) or intravenous (iv).

Drug Profile

CompanyIntas Pharmaceuticals
Drug ClassCell-based Therapies
Molecular TargetF2, F7, F9, F10
RouteInjectable (Others), Intravenous (IV)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Intas Pharmaceuticals

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

4-factor prothrombin complex acts on 4 molecular targets:

F2coagulation factor II, thrombin (THPH1, PT)
F7coagulation factor VII (SPCA)
F9coagulation factor IX (P19, F9 p22)
F10coagulation factor X (FXA, FX)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

4-factor prothrombin complex is developed for 2 unique indications across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Vascular disordersExtravasation blood✓ Approved
Vascular disordersHaemorrhage✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)2026-10-22

Stability and quantum tunnelling in the intramolecular proton transfer of molybdic acid.

Santoyo-Flores Juan Julian JJ, Ben-Eliyahu Yeshayahu Y, Kozuch Sebastian S

We explored with computational means the stability and interconversion kinetics of several possible molybdenum complexes in neutral or slightly acidic media, including, among others, [MoO(OH)4(H2O)], [MoO2(OH)2(H2O)2], [MoO(OH)4], and [MoO3(H2O)]. These complexes are related through three kinds of intramolecular proton-transfer reactions, allowing one complex to convert to another. In particular, we analysed the role of quantum tunnelling at low and high temperatures, with and without an explicit water molecule catalysing the reactions through a Grotthuss type of proton shuttle mechanism. We identified [MoO2(OH)2(H2O)2], compound 4, as the most stable structure, in line with previous studies. At room temperature all the interconversions are fast, allowing the system to readily reach compound 4 from every other possible complex; under these conditions, thermally activated tunnelling is a measurable but small factor. However, our results indicate that at low temperatures tunnelling is the only plausible mechanism for the reaction, permitting fast rearrangements to reach compound 4 even in the absence of enough thermal energy to overcome the barriers.

PMID 42902917
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PubMedJournal of patient safety2026-10-22

Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Turkish Nursing Quality Improvement Attitude Scale.

Gür Özlem Ö, Çiçek Korkmaz Ayşe A

This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Nursing Quality Improvement Attitude Scale. A cross-sectional, multisite approach was used between April and November 2022 to collect data from 519 nurses across 4 distinct health care settings, including public and training-research hospitals located in a provincial center and 2 districts of the Black Sea Region, Turkey. Data were collected using a demographic information form and the Turkish version of QINASE. The original scale consists of 35 items, is unidimensional, and uses a 5-point Likert response scale. The original scale showed good psychometric properties, with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.97. The QINASE was linguistically adapted using a forward-backward translation method and evaluated for content validity by experts, while its psychometric properties were assessed through Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses, along with Cronbach alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability. Following the expert review, the scale's Content Validity Index (CVI) was determined to be 0.87. Based on the factor analysis results, 8 items were removed from the instrument to ensure structural integrity. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) yielded a 27-item structure across 4 dimensions, which was further validated by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and assessments of convergent and divergent validity. The identified factors were labeled as follows: 'Belief in Quality Improvement,' 'Institutional and Safety Culture,' 'Teamwork and Collaboration,' and 'Error Reporting.' No significant differences were observed between the test-retest mean scores of the scale or its sub-dimensions (P>0.05), while a strong, significant correlation was identified between the scores (P<0.001). Internal consistency analysis revealed a Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.93 for the overall scale, with sub-dimension values ranging from 0.72 to 0.93. Finally, item-total correlation values ranged between 0.332 and 0.727, indicating that all items were significantly interrelated. In this study, it was determined that the Turkish form of the scale is a valid and Reliable measurement tool for determining nurses' quality improvement attitudes.

PMID 42902992
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PubMedFrontiers in immunology2026-10-22

Vitiligo onset following anti-inflammatory biological therapy: a scoping review.

Romagnuolo Maurizio M, Moltrasio Chiara C, Rossi Luisa Carlotta LC, Tavoletti Gianluca G et al.

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune depigmentation skin disorder characterized by the acquired loss of melanocytes, with a complex multifactorial pathophysiology. Among the potential predisposing factors, some drugs, including monoclonal antibodies, have been associated to disease onset. The aim of the present review is to summarize and discuss current literature findings in de novo vitiligo following biological targeting inflammatory cytokines. Overall, 18 articles were considered eligible for the present review, and details of demographics, clinical characteristics, vitiligo type and localization, biological drug administered and treatment outcomes were reported.The mean age of the 39 patients was 43 years (±16.3), with a male predominance (62%). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitors (infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol) were the most frequent suspected drugs (>50% of patients), followed by anti-IL-17A (ixekizumab, secukinumab) and anti-IL-12/23 (ustekinumab). Four cases were linked to anti-IL-4/13 (dupilumab). The median onset of vitiligo was 5 months post-initiation (range 1.5-24), with one-third of cases involving the face and neck, and two cases of segmental vitiligo. Biologic discontinuation or switching occurred in 26% of cases. Regarding outcomes, 41% experienced stabilization, 36% achieved varying degrees of repigmentation, and 8% progressed. While de novo vitiligo is reported as a potential adverse event of biological therapies, evidence for a direct causal relationship remains weak, with cases involving non-anti-TNFα agents appearing anecdotal. The co-occurrence of underlying autoimmune comorbidities in these patients points towards a coincidental rather than a causal relationship, highlighting the need for further research to fully elucidate this association.

PMID 42903092
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PubMedEuropean journal of psychotraumatology2026-10-22

Adolescents' positive and negative reactions to participation in trauma-focused research and their associations with PTSD and complex PTSD.

Zelviene Paulina P, Kairyte Agniete A, Pakeltytė Ema E, Kazlauskas Evaldas E

Background: Previous studies have investigated the levels of distress reported by children and adolescents while participating in trauma-focused research. However, the role of complex PTSD in responses to participation in trauma-focused research is unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate adolescents' positive and negative reactions to trauma-focused research and their associations with lifetime trauma exposure, PTSD, and complex PTSD.Methods: The sample comprised 834 school-based adolescents (40.9% boys), aged 13-18 years (M = 16.17, SD = 1.34) from the general population. Lifetime trauma exposure was measured using the Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen (CATS); PTSD and complex PTSD were measured with the Child and Adolescent version of the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ-CA). Positive and negative responses to research were measured with the short version of the Reactions to Research Participation Questionnaire for Children (RRPQ-C).Results: Most adolescents reported neutral or positive reactions to participation: 73.4% did not feel upset or sad, 81.4% did not regret participating, 34.3% reported being glad about participating, and 61.0% felt good about helping. 6.6% reported feeling upset. Lifetime trauma exposure was reported by 74.5% of participants (M = 2.18, SD = 2.18); 6.8% met criteria for PTSD, and 13.1% for complex PTSD. Lifetime trauma exposure, PTSD, and complex PTSD were associated with feeling upset or sad, as well as being glad to participate. PTSD increased the odds of negative reactions to research 2.07 times, and complex PTSD 5.78 times. On the other hand, 42.2% of those with complex PTSD reported being glad they had participated.Conclusions: Adolescents generally responded positively to participating in the study. However, complex PTSD was associated with a higher likelihood of research-related distress, highlighting the need for tailored safety and risk protocols for adolescents with complex PTSD.

PMID 42902755
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PubMedChemical communications (Cambridge, England)2026-10-22

EDA complex-enabled, substituent-controlled switch in anthranil reactivity for sequential access to azaaurones.

Tiwari Khushboo K, Singh Mayank M, Awasthi Annapurna A, Rajpoot Rudraa Singh RS et al.

A sequential protocol has been developed for the synthesis of azaaurones from readily available anthranils and olefins. The transformation proceeds via palladium-catalyzed C3-alkenylation of anthranils to afford C3-styrylanthranil intermediates, which subsequently undergo skeletal rearrangement in the presence of THIQ·HCl. Mechanistic studies suggest that THIQ·HCl forms an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex with the styrylanthranil intermediate, facilitating N-O bond cleavage and nitrene generation. The resulting nitrene undergoes cyclization to form an aziridine intermediate, which subsequently rearranges to afford the azaaurone. Notably, the compatibility of this protocol with biologically relevant styrene derivatives highlights its potential for the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules.

PMID 42902731
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PubMedSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026-10-22

Multifunctional Molecular Bridge for Synergistic Interfacial Regulation Toward Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

He Qingquan Q, Guo Qingyue Q, Zhou Feiyi F, Dai Runze R et al.

The performance of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is frequently hindered by molecular aggregation, poor interfacial wettability, and high buried-interface defect density. Herein, we introduce 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid (CPBA) as a multifunctional molecular bridge to synergistically engineer the buried interface through co-assembly with Me-4PACz. CPBA anchors its carboxylic groups onto the NiOx substrate, refining SAM morphology and enhancing wettability, while its exposed boronic acid (-B(OH)2) groups multifunctionally passivate perovskite interfacial defects via Lewis acid-base coordination and hydrogen bonding, and its strong molecular dipole optimizes energy-level alignment for efficient hole extraction. Moreover, CPBA modulates perovskite crystallization kinetics, yielding high-quality films with enlarged grains and reduced grain-boundary defects. Consequently, CPBA-modified PSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency of 26.02%, with an open-circuit voltage of 1.191 V and a fill factor of 83.67%. Unencapsulated devices maintained 91% of their initial efficiency after 1800 h of storage and 88% after 1300 h of thermal aging at 65°C. This molecular-bridging strategy provides a robust pathway toward efficient and durable perovskite photovoltaics.

PMID 42902864
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