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crizotinib

✓ Approved

Roche · ALK · Companion diagnostic

What is crizotinib?

crizotinib is a companion diagnostic developed by Roche. It is approved for therapeutic indications via others.

Drug Profile

CompanyRoche
Drug ClassCompanion diagnostic
Molecular TargetALK
RouteOthers
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Roche

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

crizotinib acts on 1 molecular target:

ALKALK receptor tyrosine kinase (CD246, NBLST3)
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Therapeutic Indications

crizotinib is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)Uterine cancer✓ Approved

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PubMedDrug design, development and therapy2026-08-25

Clinical Evaluation of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Inhibitors for the First-Line Treatment of Advanced ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on the 2nd Edition of China's Drug Evaluation and Selection Guideline.

Guo Zhijun Z, Zhang Yunhui Y, Chen Haoyun H, Dong Xinyi X et al.

To provide a reference for healthcare organizations in the selection and rational use of ALK inhibitors, based on A Quick Guideline for Drug Evaluation and Selection in Chinese Medical Institutions (the Second Edition). According to the 2nd edition of China's drug evaluation and selection guideline released in 2023, relevant databases such as PubMed, Micromedex, and Medlive, drug labels, and clinical guidelines were searched for specific drug information. We systematically evaluated eight ALK inhibitors marketed in China for pharmacological properties, efficacy, safety, economy, and other attributes using a percentage scoring method. The ranking of ALK inhibitors was derived from a structured scoring framework based on the 2nd Edition of China's Drug Evaluation and Selection Guideline. The final assessment result scores from highest to lowest were alectinib (78.70 points), lorlatinib (78.70 points), brigatinib (78.50 points), ensartinib (73.30 points), iruplinalkib (72.55 points), ceritinib (71.50 points), envonalkib (71.15 points), crizotinib (70.60 points). Based on the second edition of China's drug evaluation and selection guideline and combined with the clinical application characteristics of ALK inhibitors, this study performed a multidimensional scoring of eight ALK inhibitors. The evaluation results could provide a reference for medical institutions in the introduction and elimination of ALK inhibitors.

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PubMedFoot & ankle orthopaedics2026-08-25

Delayed Diagnosis to Definitive Treatment: Diagnostic Delay and Outcomes After Endoscopic-Assisted Fasciotomy for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome.

Ramirez Cesar A CA, Al Masry Seif S, Meli Gabrielle M GM, Zermeño Jose J et al.

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is an often-overlooked cause of exertional lower leg pain that is frequently misdiagnosed. Overlapping symptoms and inconsistent diagnostic approaches may delay diagnosis and prolong morbidity. The purpose of this study was to characterize the diagnostic journey of patients ultimately treated surgically for CECS and to report postoperative outcomes. A retrospective chart review was performed following IRB approval. Patients diagnosed with CECS and treated operatively by the senior author between 2020 and 2025 were identified using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision (ICD-9 and ICD-10) codes. Demographics, symptom duration, prior diagnostic workup, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Median follow-up was 42 weeks (range, 15-184 weeks). Descriptive statistics were reported. Thirteen patients met inclusion criteria (mean age, 27.3 years; mean BMI, 28.3). Mean symptom duration prior to definitive diagnosis was 51.5 months, and bilateral symptoms were present in 12 patients. Most patients underwent extensive diagnostic testing and multiple unsuccessful conservative treatment strategies before referral. All patients underwent endoscopic-assisted anterolateral compartment release, with open posterior compartment fasciotomy performed when clinically indicated. Nine patients underwent bilateral procedures. At final follow-up, all patients reported symptomatic improvement and return to baseline activity. Four patients required additional evaluation for persistent posterior compartment symptoms, and 2 ultimately underwent further posterior compartment release. There were no intraoperative complications. CECS remains a frequently delayed diagnosis because of nonspecific symptoms, substantial overlap with other causes of exertional lower-leg pain, and limitations of currently available diagnostic tools. Although the effect of diagnostic delay on postoperative outcomes could not be directly assessed, prolonged delays were associated with substantial diagnostic burden and management complexity. Following fasciotomy, all patients reported symptomatic improvement and return to baseline activity. Greater awareness of CECS and a structured diagnostic approach may help facilitate earlier recognition and treatment. Level IV, retrospective case series.

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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-08-25

Diagnostic evidence in suspected discogenic low back pain: a pain-source attribution perspective.

Zhang Renpan R, Liang Yaqian Y, Zhang Chenchao C, Liu Yaxin Y et al.

Discogenic low back pain (DLBP) remains difficult to identify clinically because degenerative disc changes are common and symptom patterns overlap with other lumbar or pelvic pain sources. This mini review summarizes evidence relevant to suspected DLBP from a pain-source attribution perspective, focusing on clinical features, disc and endplate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, assessment of other pain sources, provocative discography, and diagnostic blocks. Clinical features such as axial low back pain, sitting or flexion intolerance, non-radicular referral, and centralization may increase suspicion of disc-related pain, but they have limited specificity when used alone. MRI can identify high-intensity zones, Modic changes, and other disc- or endplate-related abnormalities that support structural compatibility when findings correspond to the suspected level. Assessment of other pain sources helps refine the differential diagnosis and reduces overinterpretation of disc-related imaging findings. Provocative discography and diagnostic blocks provide procedural information through reproduction of familiar pain and pain change after targeted anesthesia, respectively, but these responses require interpretation alongside clinical and imaging evidence. Overall, suspected DLBP is more strongly supported when clinical presentation, level-concordant imaging findings, assessment of other pain sources, and procedural responses point in the same direction within the same patient. Future studies should evaluate whether combined diagnostic information improves diagnostic agreement and patient selection for further diagnostic evaluation.

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Mycobacterium marinum Infection: A Clinical Case Report and 5-Year Systematic Literature Review (2021-2025).

Yang Xinyu X, Chai Shufang S, Han Yuqian Y, Wei Aihua A

We report a case of cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection in a 66-year-old male patient with traumatic aquatic exposure, manifesting as multiple red nodules and plaques (1-2 cm in diameter) showing typical sporotrichoid (lymphocutaneous) distribution extending from the extensor knuckle of the right index finger to the right forearm, accompanied by partial rupture and purulent exudation. Histopathological examination of skin biopsy specimens demonstrated infectious granuloma formation, and combined bacterial culture, hsp65 PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) confirmed M. marinum as the causative pathogen. M. marinum is an opportunistic nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) colonizing aquatic environments, which invades human skin via traumatic wounds. Its non-specific cutaneous manifestations frequently lead to diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis. We further conducted a systematic literature review covering all published M. marinum cutaneous infection cases from 2021 to 2025 to summarize clinical characteristics, diagnostic strategies and standardized treatment regimens. This case report highlights critical diagnostic pitfalls of M. marinum infection, stresses that clinicians should maintain a high clinical suspicion for NTM infection in patients with aquatic trauma history, and compares multi-modal diagnostic tools (histopathology, culture, PCR and NGS). We also summarize adjustments to immunosuppressive agents for immunocompromised patients with M. marinum infection, providing practical clinical references to shorten diagnostic time and improve therapeutic prognosis.

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PubMedZoo biology2026-08-25

Adjusting Our Thinking About Feeding Animals: Fiber as the Metric for Mimicking Natural Diets.

Clauss Marcus M, Janssens Geert P J GPJ, Pritchard Moore Oliver O, Byrne Sarah S et al.

Free-ranging animals often ingest markedly different diets than their counterparts under human care, whether companion animals, production animals, or zoo animals. A nutrient with a prominent lack in the diet under human care across species is fiber. Dietary fibers are more difficult to digest than other nutrients and require microbial fermentation, typically resulting in an overall reduction of digestibility and metabolic efficiency. Nevertheless, or therefore, dietary fiber supports health, as it fosters a healthy gut microbiome and limits the risk of obesity and its comorbidities. And due to their lower energy density, high-fiber diets typically increase feeding time, and therefore reduce time available for undesired behaviors. As an adaptation to natural environments replete with high-fiber feeds, humans and animals alike have evolved gustatory preferences for low-fiber, energy-dense feeds. In zoo animal nutrition, the occurrence of both, potentially involuntary feeding of low-fiber diets due to uncritically following feeding traditions, and the deliberate deviation in fiber levels from natural diets, can be documented. Zoo staff appear to transfer their own evolved preference for high-energy feeds to the animals in their care, making zoo animal nutrition a showcase of cultural traditions clashing with biological knowledge. The fiber levels of zoo animal diets can therefore serve as a scale bar for how much zoo management is guided by biological knowledge as opposed to other factors (e.g., anthropomorphism). Increasing fiber levels, possibly to levels observed in the wild, holds great potential for further improvements in the health and behavioral management of zoo animals.

PMID 42640073
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PubMedOncology letters2026-08-25

Analysis of DNA methylation markers for diagnosing cervical precancer and cancer: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Chen Xue X, Li Jialing J, Tian Li L, Li Xinshu X et al.

Methylation biomarkers of six tumor suppressor genes (astrotactin 1, distal-less homeobox 1, integrin subunit α 4, relaxin family peptide receptor 3, SOX17 and zinc finger protein 671) were evaluated for their diagnostic efficacy in identifying cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer (CC). A total of 283 cases were selected from the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (Yinchuan, China) between September 2023 and November 2024. Based on histopathologic diagnoses, patients were divided into four groups: The control group, intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) group, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) group and CC group. DNA methylation detection, human papillomavirus (HPV) analysis and cytology analysis were performed. The diagnostic value of DNA methylation detection for CC was assessed by calculating the positive methylation rate, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC) and other efficacy indicators. The positive methylation rates and methylation scores of DNA methylation in the HSIL and CC groups were significantly higher compared with those in the control and LSIL groups. Combined DNA methylation detection demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficacy for HSIL and CC, with an AUC value of 0.84, a Youden index of 0.69 and a sensitivity and specificity of 82.0 and 87.0%, respectively. In addition, the diagnostic performance of combined detection was significantly higher compared with that of HPV testing and liquid-based cytology testing (P<0.05). In addition, the diagnostic efficacy of ZNF671 was significantly higher compared with that of the other five methylation markers, with an AUC value of 0.87, a Youden index of 0.73 and a sensitivity and specificity of 78.0 and 95.0%, respectively. Overall, multiple gene site DNA methylation detection was found to be a valuable diagnostic method for CC and may have potential applications in clinical practice.

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