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diltiazem (Cardizem SR / Corolater)

✓ Approved

Bausch Health Companies Inc. · CACNA1C · Small Molecule

What is diltiazem?

diltiazem is a small molecule developed by Bausch Health Companies Inc.. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesCardizem SR, Corolater
CompanyBausch Health Companies Inc.
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetCACNA1C
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, Bausch Health Companies Inc.

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

diltiazem acts on 1 molecular target:

CACNA1Ccalcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C (CACNL1A1, CACNA1C-IT2)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

diltiazem is developed for 2 unique indications across 2 therapeutic areas.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Vascular disordersHypertension✓ Approved
Cardiac disordersAngina pectoris✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026-08-25

A novel CACNA1S variant associated with diltiazem-related worsening of hypokalemic periodic paralysis: a case report.

Sugiura Hidenori H, Watanabe Kazuki K, Furuhashi Kai K, Kawano Tatsuhiro T et al.

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is a skeletal muscle channelopathy characterized by recurrent episodes of transient paralysis associated with hypokalemia. Most cases are caused by heterozygous missense variants in CACNA1S, which encodes the α1 subunit of the skeletal muscle L-type calcium channel (CaV1.1). Known triggers include excessive carbohydrate intake, rest after strenuous exercise, and emotional stress; however, worsening potentially associated with the use of L-type calcium channel blockers (LTCCBs) has not been well documented. A 68-year-old man with HypoPP and a five-generation family history of the disease developed increased frequency of paralytic attacks and progressive muscle weakness after initiation of LTCCBs (nifedipine and diltiazem) for vasospastic angina. Exome sequencing and segregation analysis identified a novel heterozygous CACNA1S variant (NM_000069.3:c.4097T > G, p.(Met1366Arg)), which co-segregated with disease among genotyped affected family members and was classified as likely pathogenic. Despite continued nifedipine therapy, paralytic episodes ceased following discontinuation of diltiazem, and muscle strength improved. The p.(Met1366Arg) variant is located in the S6 segment of CaV1.1, outside the canonical S4 arginine residues implicated in most cases of CACNA1S-related HypoPP; nevertheless, strong intrafamilial segregation evidence supports its pathogenicity. Furthermore, its proximity to the diltiazem-binding site raises the possibility of altered drug-channel interactions. The observed diltiazem-associated worsening of HypoPP may be variant-specific rather than a class effect of LTCCBs. Nevertheless, careful monitoring may be warranted when prescribing these agents to patients with HypoPP.

PMID 42637926
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PubMedHelicobacter2026-08-25

Bismuth-Amoxicillin-Vonoprazan Triple, Amoxicillin-Vonoprazan Dual, and Clarithromycin-Based Triple Therapies for First-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Trial.

Hsu Ping-I PI, Sheu Ming-Jen MJ, Chen Chien-Lin CL, Lei Wei-Yi WY et al.

The eradication rate of amoxicillin-vonoprazan (AV) dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection varies by region and is below 90% in both the United States and Taiwan. We recently added bismuth to this regimen, and the resulting bismuth-amoxicillin-vonoprazan (BAV) triple therapy achieved eradication rates ≥ 95% in Taiwan. To compare the efficacy and safety of 14-day BAV triple therapy with AV dual therapy and clarithromycin-amoxicillin-rabeprazole (CAR) standard triple therapy as first-line regimens for H. pylori eradication. In this multicenter, randomized, open-label trial, adults with H. pylori infection were randomized (1:1:1) to receive one of the following 14-day regimens: BAV triple therapy (tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 300 mg four times daily, amoxicillin 750 mg four times daily, and vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily), AV dual therapy (vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 750 mg four times daily), or CAR standard triple therapy (rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily). Eradication was assessed by the 13C-urea breath test. The primary endpoint was eradication in the intention-to-treat population. Between November 2023 and June 2025, 390 patients were enrolled. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were 93.8% with BAV therapy, 83.8% with AV therapy, and 83.1% with CAR therapy. BAV therapy was superior to both AV therapy (95% CI, 2.4%-17.6%; p = 0.010) and CAR therapy (95% CI, 3.0%-18.4%; p = 0.007). Per-protocol eradication rates were 97.5%, 88.3%, and 88.0%, respectively; BAV therapy remained superior to AP therapy (p = 0.010) and CAR therapy (p = 0.05). Overall adverse event rates (10.8%, 8.5%, and 13.8%) were comparable. Amoxicillin resistance and clarithromycin resistance were identified as risk factors for eradication failure with BAV and CAR therapies, respectively. BAV triple therapy demonstrates superior efficacy compared with AV dual therapy and CAR triple therapy as first-line treatment for H. pylori infection in Taiwan. This regimen represents a promising first-line option that may obviate the need for routine clarithromycin-resistance testing in regions where AV dual therapy yields suboptimal eradication rates.

PMID 42639978
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PubMedClinical and translational science2026-08-25

Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Analyses of Savolitinib Alone or in Combination With Osimertinib in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors.

Shahraz Azar A, Derippe Thibaud T, Kode Kiran Kumar KK, Allmond Jessica J et al.

Savolitinib (ORPATHYS) is an oral, highly selective inhibitor of the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) receptor tyrosine kinase that has demonstrated clinical activity across multiple advanced solid tumors. A comprehensive population pharmacokinetics analysis using cumulative data from 998 patients across 10 clinical studies characterized savolitinib pharmacokinetics, its variability, and the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In a covariate search, no retained covariates had a clinically meaningful impact on steady-state exposure of savolitinib. Model-predicted savolitinib exposures were used to evaluate the relationship between savolitinib exposure and efficacy endpoints in the SAVANNAH Phase II study (NCT03778229; N = 360), in subpopulations defined by MET biomarker status. Among patients treated with savolitinib 300 mg once daily, 600 mg once daily, or 300 mg twice daily with osimertinib 80 mg once daily in SAVANNAH, a positive trend was observed between the trough concentration (Cmin,ss) at steady state and the objective response rate in all-comer population, whereas no clear trend was observed in patients with high MET biomarker status, defined as MET immunohistochemistry (IHC) 3+/≥ 90% and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 10+. These findings support Cmin,ss as the exposure metric most informative for maintaining MET target coverage and for guiding a trough-driven dosing strategy. Exposure-safety relationships were assessed across all 10 studies and no statistically significant associations were identified between savolitinib exposure and the occurrence of most safety events. These integrated population pharmacokinetics and exposure-response findings provide supportive evidence relevant to dose evaluation and clinical development of savolitinib in combination with osimertinib.

PMID 42638263
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PubMedFrontiers in psychology2026-08-25

Examining the use of experience sampling methods in sport psychology research: a scoping review.

Majer Mara L L MLL, Profeit Mitchell C MC, Martin Luc J LJ, Côté Jean J et al.

Experience sampling methods (ESMs) allow researchers to capture the variability in momentary human experiences by collecting repeated self-report measures within or across days. Real-time fluctuations in psychological processes, which are commonly distorted by retrospective bias in traditional survey designs, can be more accurately recorded using this approach. ESMs have been widely adopted in health and exercise psychology research, with more recent, sporadic use in the sport context. Given the growing interest in ESMs and their potential impact on the field, this scoping review aimed to characterize the use of ESMs in sport psychology research. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched four databases for studies conducted in the context of sport, measured a psychological construct, and used ESMs (including daily diaries, ecological momentary assessments, and ambulatory assessments). The search yielded 1,474 studies, of which 73 were included. The included studies primarily focused on the experiences of sport participants, with limited representation of coaches, parents, or spectators. Most employed daily or twice-daily sampling using fixed or event-contingent schedules, whereas fewer used "traditional" ESM designs (multiple signals per day delivered using semi-random schedules). Studies predominantly examined constructs related to stress and emotion, particularly appraisal and coping pro- cesses. Other thematic research areas included recovery from training, group dynamics, motivation, spectator experiences, comparisons of activity experiences, and medical symptoms. Given the limited use of ESMs and narrow focus on specific contexts, designs, and topics, continued investigation is warranted to better understand critical momentary experiences in sport.

PMID 42638661
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PubMedFrontiers in medicine2026-08-25

Severe ARDS caused by Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a patient with Sjögren's syndrome: a case report.

Lyu Ting T, Gao Song S, Wang Wenjun W, Liu Wei W

Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a neglected tropical disease that can be fatal in immunocompromised hosts. Diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific clinical manifestations and low sensitivity of conventional stool examination. Patients with autoimmune diseases receiving long-term glucocorticoid therapy are at high risk of hyperinfection syndrome, which can rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A 65-year-old man with an 8-year history of Sjögren's syndrome and chronic interstitial lung disease, who had been on long-term oral methylprednisolone, tripterygium glycosides, and hydroxychloroquine, presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. He rapidly developed severe ARDS requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Laboratory tests showed persistent eosinopenia (0.01 × 109/L) and lymphopenia. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was subjected to metagenomic capture sequencing (MetaCAP), which revealed S. stercoralis [16,030 reads per million (RPM)] and cytomegalovirus (14,397RPM). Sputum smear microscopy showed motile S. stercoralis larvae, confirming the diagnosis. The patient was treated with albendazole (0.4 g via nasogastric tube twice daily) combined with ivermectin (12 mg via nasogastric tube once daily) for strongyloidiasis, together with ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus. Because of severe ARDS and possible autoimmune flare, methylprednisolone (80 mg intravenously every 12 h followed by tapering) was cautiously administered under effective anti-infective coverage. Two days after treatment, the oxygenation index improved from 77 mmHg to 214 mmHg. One week later, repeat MetaCAP showed a marked reduction of S. stercoralis reads to 69RPM and cytomegalovirus 9 RPM. The patient was successfully extubated and discharged after consolidation therapy. At nine-month follow-up he remained well. This case demonstrates that S. stercoralis hyperinfection can occur without eosinophilia in immunocompromised patients with autoimmune diseases and can rapidly progress to ARDS. MetaCAP of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid enables rapid and sensitive diagnosis. Short-term glucocorticoid therapy to control ARDS and autoimmune disease activity is feasible and safe provided that effective anti-infective treatment is in place.

PMID 42639016
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PubMedSuicide & life-threatening behavior2026-08-25

Daily Meaning in Life Buffers the Within-Person Relationships Between Perceived Burdensomeness and Thwarted Belongingness With Next-Day Suicidal Ideation: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Cenkner David P DP, Duan Annie A, Horwitz Adam G AG, Vijayakumar Kamalakannan So M KSM et al.

The interpersonal theory of suicide posits that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness drive suicidal desire. Ecological momentary assessment studies have provided empirical support for these relationships. Although meaning in life protects against suicidal ideation, no research has examined its daily predictive or moderating effects on interpersonal theory variables and suicidal ideation. Thirty-seven adults enrolled in a dialectical behavior therapy program were prompted to complete four assessments daily for 21 days, assessing suicidal ideation, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. Meaning in life was captured once daily. Multilevel models using frequentist and Bayesian frameworks tested within- and between-person associations on next-day suicidal ideation. Meaning in life exhibited substantial daily variability. When participants reported greater daily meaning in life compared to their own average, there were weakened associations between perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness with next-day suicidal ideation, covarying for same-day suicidal ideation. Results suggest daily meaning in life protects against next-day suicidal ideation by buffering interpersonal theory variables. Meaning-focused interventions targeting daily fluctuations in meaning in life may reduce acute suicide risk.

PMID 42638544
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