Drug Database
ES

estradiol valerate + MPA (Divina / E2V + MPA, Orion / Klimalet)

✓ Approved

HyundaiPharm · ESR1 · Small Molecule

What is estradiol valerate + MPA?

estradiol valerate + MPA is a small molecule developed by HyundaiPharm. It is approved for therapeutic indications via oral (po).

Drug Profile

Brand NamesDivina, E2V + MPA, Orion, Klimalet
CompanyHyundaiPharm
Drug ClassSmall Molecule
Molecular TargetESR1
RouteOral (PO)
StatusApproved
Sources: ClinicalTrials.gov, HyundaiPharm

Mechanism of Action

Molecular Targets

estradiol valerate + MPA acts on 1 molecular target:

ESR1estrogen receptor 1 (ER, ESR)
Want deeper analysis?Noah AI can explain complex mechanisms and compare to similar drugs.

Therapeutic Indications

estradiol valerate + MPA is developed for 1 unique indication across 1 therapeutic area.

Therapeutic AreaConditionPhase
Surgical and medical proceduresHormone replacement therapy✓ Approved

Related Research Articles

PubMedFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026-07-25

A novel internal fixation system for sacral fractures: a finite element biomechanical study.

Chen Bin B, Gu Xinbo X, Wang Beiyang B, Shen Ningning N et al.

Sacroiliac joint screw (SIJS) fixation is widely regarded as the gold standard for treating unstable posterior pelvic ring injuries. However, the technique presents notable challenges, including a high risk of neurovascular injury and a steep learning curve. This study aimed to introduce a novel Posterior Internal Fixation (P-INFIX) system and evaluate its biomechanical performance in the treatment of Denis zone I sacral fractures using finite element analysis. A three-dimensional pelvic model-cortical bone, cancellous bone, and cartilage-was reconstructed from computed tomography data of a healthy volunteer. A Denis zone I sacral fracture was simulated and stabilized using either the P-INFIX system (bilateral pedicle screws connected by a transverse Kirschner wire) or the standard SIJS. Finite element analysis was conducted under simulated sitting, supine, and lateral decubitus conditions to assess fracture fragment displacement and implant stress distribution. The P-INFIX system provided fracture stability comparable to SIJS under most testing conditions. Although SIJS demonstrated a slight statistical advantage in limiting lateral fragment displacement (For example, Z2 in the sitting position: 0.13 mm vs. 0.18 mm, P = 0.001), all measured displacements were far below the clinically significant threshold (<1.3 mm). In terms of implant performance, the peak stress in P-INFIX (sitting: 141 MPa; supine: 320 MPa) was higher than that in SIJS; however, it remained well within the safe range below the yield strength of titanium alloy (1,050 MPa). The novel P-INFIX system demonstrated biomechanical stability comparable to the gold standard SIJS in managing Denis zone I sacral fractures. Given its potential to reduce surgical risks and simplify the procedure through a "safe channel" lateral to the posterior superior iliac spine, P-INFIX represents a promising and more accessible alternative fixation technique.

PMID 42500488
Read full article →
PubMedDomestic animal endocrinology2026-07-25

Association of intra-follicular melatonin with reduced oxidative DNA damage and improved oocyte quality in water buffalo: Effect of season and follicular size.

Pandey Anand Kumar AK, Gunwant Pankaj P, Kumar Sandeep S, Saini Gitesh G et al.

Oxidative stress caused by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to normal metabolism and/or external environment results in changes in follicular fluid microenvironment, oxidation of oocyte DNA (8‑hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine levels; 8-OHdG) and poor-quality oocyte. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to evaluate the relationship between oocyte quality and intra-follicular environment (melatonin, 8-OHdG, 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations) in different sized follicles during summer and winter in water buffaloes. Slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were subjected for collection of follicular fluid from three (n = 42 each category in summer and winter) different categories of follicle based on diameter (Small: 8-9.9 mm; Medium: 10-11.9 mm; Large: 12-14 mm). Individual follicles were treated as independent observational units and analyzed using a factorial model including effects of season, follicular size, and their interaction. The results revealed higher (P < 0.05) melatonin and 17β-estradiol concentrations were associated with larger follicles and improved oocyte quality. Melatonin was positively associated (P < 0.05) with 17β-estradiol concentrations in different follicular categories during both seasons. Conversely, 8-OHdG followed an inverse association (P < 0.05) with melatonin in different categories of follicles during both seasons. Irrespective of follicles size, data revealed that good-quality oocytes (Grade A) were associated with higher melatonin concentrations, 102.11±3.88 pg/mL and 116.59±3.32 pg/mL in summer and winter, respectively. Ordinal logistic regression analysis identified melatonin concentration as the only significant independent predictor of oocyte quality (β=-0.226, OR=0.798; P < 0.001). Thus, it may be concluded that higher intra-follicular melatonin concentrations were associated with lower oxidative DNA damage and improved oocyte quality in water buffalo.

PMID 42497647
Read full article →
PubMedWorld journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery2026-07-25

Sex Hormones and the Risk of Nasal Polyps: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Zhu Ying Y, Zhou Jia-Yao JY, Zhang Shi-Yao SY, Tang Ru R et al.

The pathophysiological roles of sex hormones in airway inflammation have drawn much attention recently. We aimed to explore the causal effect of sex hormones on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal polyps (NP) via a Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Genetic traits for serum bioavailable testosterone (BioT), total testosterone (ToT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and estradiol were extracted from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) containing 425,097 European individuals from the UK Biobank, while outcome data were obtained from the FinnGen data set. Two-sample MR analysis was performed to assess the association of sex hormones and NP or CRS with the inverse variance weighted method as the main analysis, together with sensitivity analyses. Genetically predicted BioT levels showed a possible inverse association with both NP (OR = 0.669, p = 0.009) and CRS (OR = 0.792, p = 0.014) in the overall population, though these associations were marginally above the traditional significance threshold after multiple testing correction (FDR = 0.054). Sex-stratified analyses revealed potentially stronger protective associations in females, with higher BioT associated with lower odds of NP. No significant causal effects of estradiol or SHBG on NP or CRS were identified in the available GWAS data. Our MR analyses suggest a possible inverse relationship between genetically predicted serum BioT levels and the risk of both CRS and NP, with potentially stronger effects in females. Further observational and experimental studies are necessary to validate these genetic associations and explore the potential immunomodulatory mechanisms by which testosterone may influence sinonasal inflammation.

PMID 42500089
Read full article →
PubMedEnvironmental research2026-07-25

Performance regulation of construction waste-based pervious concrete through paste film thickness: Mechanical strength, permeability coefficient and life cycle assessment.

Zhang Jinrui J, Li Weifeng W, Lv Tong T, Wang Haikuan H et al.

Using construction waste to prepare pervious concrete provides a low-carbon route for developing sponge cities. However, the complex constituents lead to a technical bottleneck in controlling fresh properties of paste. By regulating the paste film thickness (PFT) of recycled micropowder-ground granulated blast furnace slag-cement (RSC) paste, this study prepares recycled aggregate concrete with balanced strength and permeability (RSC-RAPC). Water reducer effects on flowability, PFT and rheology are investigated, establishing a PFT-performance relationship that is more applicable to aggregates of 4.75-9.5 mm. Compared with pure cement paste, RSC paste exhibits 17.1% higher PFT and 10% higher initial yield stress, while average fluidity decreases by 5.26%. Within a water reducer dosage of 0.11%, adjusting the PFT of the recycled aggregates in RSC paste from 0.20 mm to 0.57 mm yields RSC-RAPC with 13.5%-24.7% of connected porosity, 1.38-2.59 mm/s of permeability, and 6.1-28.8 MPa of 28-day compressive strength. Three interfacial transition zones are identified in RSC-RAPC, where the new paste-old paste interface exhibits 10.66% higher micro-hardness than the weakest interface due to carboaluminate reaction densification. A target porosity of 15%-17% is recommended, as it can maintain excellent permeability and mechanical strength while cutting both carbon emissions and economic costs per unit strength by over 43% and 45%, respectively.

PMID 42498109
Read full article →
PubMedArthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation2026-07-25

Photobiomodulation Enhances Tendon Regeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies.

Waluyo Yose Y, Islami Muchsin Diah Nurul DN, Afifah Muthiah Nur MN, Rosadi Yaldi Y et al.

To evaluate the preclinical evidence supporting the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapies in tendon regeneration. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to identify in vivo animal studies evaluating photobiomodulation therapies for tendon healing. Quantitative meta-analyses were performed for homogeneous outcomes using a random-effects model. Out of 4946 screened articles, 36 met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analyses revealed that photobiomodulation significantly downregulated proinflammatory IL-1β (mean difference [MD]  = -46.14 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -66.45 to -25.84; P < .00001) and upregulated anti-inflammatory IL-10 (MD = +49.14 pg/mL; 95% CI = 37.41-60.86; P < .00001), indicating a bidirectional immunomodulatory effect. Histologically, photobiomodulation increased the collagen type I/III ratio (standardized MD = +3.0; 95% CI = 2.4-3.6). Functionally, load-bearing strength improved significantly compared with controls (MD = +10.07 N; 95% CI = 3.01-17.13; P = .005) with photobiomodulation (low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diode), whereas photochemical tissue bonding showed higher tensile strength (MD = +0.57 MPa; 95% CI = 0.37-0.78; P < .00001), reflecting enhanced early mechanical stabilization through sutureless photochemical repair. Photobiomodulation therapies promote tendon regeneration in both acute and chronic injury models, enhancing tendon regeneration at molecular, histological, and functional levels. These findings support the potential of photobiomodulation therapies, providing a foundation for clinical trials in human populations to refine rehabilitation protocols and improve musculoskeletal outcomes.

PMID 42500166
Read full article →
PubMedAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2026-07-25

Contraception Use Differs Across Solid Organ Transplant Types Among Women Transplanted in Reproductive Age.

Cooper Katherine M KM, Mahle Rachael E RE, Joyal Kayla K, Le Mariesa M et al.

There are a growing number of reproductive age solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, yet comparative data on contraception use across organ types are limited. We performed a retrospective cohort study of women who underwent first-time liver, kidney, heart, or lung transplantation between the ages of 18 and 45 from 2015 and 2025 using TriNetX (n=10,155). Contraception uptake within two years was assessed by organ, including patterns of initial contraceptive choice and subsequent changes in contraception choice, and clinical outcomes, including osteoporosis, thromboembolism, and graft rejection, were compared by contraception type. Among 10,155 eligible SOTR, 19.9% had documented contraception within two years of SOT (heart 27.3%, lung 22.5%, kidney 19.7%, liver 16.8%, p<0.001). Combined oral contraception was the most common initial contraception method, followed by depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). However, those who started on DMPA were more likely to switch medications. Compared with no contraception, DMPA was associated with increased osteoporosis, hypertension, thrombosis, and graft rejection, whereas estradiol-containing agents were not. Overall, contraception use after SOT was extremely uncommon with exceedingly low rates of highly effective options, particularly after liver and kidney transplant. Higher switching and adverse associations with DMPA support early, organ-tailored contraceptive counseling and careful method selection post-SOT.

PMID 42498172
Read full article →

+9996 more articles available with a free account

Sign up free to view all articles →

Ask about estradiol valerate + MPA